高尿酸血症人群血清钙与代谢综合征的相关性研究

目的:探讨血清钙(Calcium,Ca)水平与高尿酸血症(Hyperuricemia,HU)人群发生代谢综合征(Metabolic syndrome,MetS)的相关性。方法:纳入在中南大学湘雅医院健康管理中心进行健康体检的HU患者作为研究对象。通过Beckman Coulter AU 5800全自动生化分析仪检测纳入研究对象的血清Ca水平,根据中国糖尿病学会标准诊断MetS。根据血清Ca水平将研究人群进行四分类,采用Logistic回归模型探讨不同血清Ca水平与MetS患病的相关性。结果:共纳入711例HU患者作为研究对象,Logistic回归模型结果显示:未校正混杂因素时,与第1分类(最低)血清Ca组相比,总人群中第2-4分类血清Ca组MetS患病率比值比和95%可信区间(95%confidence interval,95%CI)分别为1.45 (95%CI:0.92, 2.29)、1.87 (95%CI:1.21, 2.89)和1.88 (95%CI:1.19,2.95)(趋势检验P=0.003),校正年龄和性别以及多因素校正后结果无明显变化。性别亚组分析结果显示该相关性只存在于男性亚组,女性亚组中无显著相关性。结论:男性HU人群血清Ca水平与MetS患病呈正相关,可能为MetS患病的危险因素,适当降低Ca的摄入可能有助于男性HU人群MetS的防治,而女性HU人群中血清Ca水平与MetS患病不相关。     

不同基因型幽门螺杆菌感染与消化性溃疡患者血清炎症因子及CD4+T细胞、PINP水平的关系

目的探讨不同基因型H.pylori感染与消化性溃疡(PU)患者血清炎症因子及CD4⁺T细胞、Ⅰ型原胶原N端前肽(PINP)水平的关系,为后续研究提供参考。方法选择2017年8月至2019年3月于我院消化科就诊的122例PU患者为研究对象,其中H.pylori阴性患者50例[HP(-)组],H.pyloriⅠ型感染患者38例[HP(Ⅰ)组],H.pyloriⅡ型感染患者34例[HP(Ⅱ)组],对比各组患者血清炎症因子IL-17、IL-10、TNF-α和PINP及CD4⁺T淋巴细胞水平。采用Logistic回归对不同菌型H.pylori感染患者血清炎症因子及CD4⁺T细胞、PINP水平的相关性进行评估,并结合ROC曲线对其相应诊断价值进行评估。结果HP(-)组患者IL-17、IL-10、TNF-α水平最低,HP(Ⅰ)组患者IL-17、IL-10、TNF-α水平最高,组间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。HP(-)组患者CD4⁺T细胞及PINP水平最低,HP(Ⅰ)组CD4⁺T细胞及PINP水平最高,组间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归显示,血清炎症因子及CD4⁺T细胞、PINP水平与H.pyloriⅠ型、H.pyloriⅡ型感染均有显著正相关性(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,IL-17、IL-10、TNF-α、CD4⁺T细胞和PINP诊断H.pyloriⅠ型感染的AUC分别为0.863(95%CI:0.786~0.941)、0.844(95%CI:0.754~0.935)、0.907(95%CI:0.847~0.967)、0.921(95%CI:0.864~0.977)、0.742(95%CI:0.639~0.845),而诊断H.pyloriⅡ型感染的AUC分别为0.711(95%CI:0.599~0.823)、0.747(95%CI:0.641~0.854)、0.930(95%CI:0.874~0.986)、0.918(95%CI:0.861~0.974)、0.736(95%CI:0.631~0.840)。H.pylori阴性与CD4⁺T细胞和PINP水平无明显相关性(r=0.226,P=0.225),H.pyloriⅠ型、H.pyloriⅡ型感染与CD4⁺T细胞和PINP水平具有显著正相关性(r=0.428、0.367,P=0.007、0.033)。结论血清炎症因子及CD4⁺T细胞和PINP水平与PU患者H.pylori感染具有相关性,可作为临床辅助监测指标。     

中、重度牙周炎与冠心病患者白细胞介素17 及血脂水平的比较

目的:研究汉族人群中、重度牙周炎与冠心病的相关性并初步探讨白细胞介素17在二者相关性中的可能作用。方法:检测和分析40名健康者(健康组)、40例中、重度牙周炎患者(牙周炎组)、28例冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者(冠心病组)及47例患冠心病伴中、重度牙周炎的患者(冠心病+牙周炎组)血清白细胞介素17水平、血脂水平(血清低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、胆固醇、总胆固醇和甘油三酯)和牙周临床指数(附着丧失、探诊深度和探诊出血)。结果:单因素方差分析结果显示,健康组、牙周炎组、冠心病组及牙周炎+冠心病组的血清白细胞介素17水平分别为(13.01±1.23)、(24.45±2.13)、(59.90±2.23)和(68.87±3.43)ng/L,各组血清白细胞介素17间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且经协方差分析校正年龄、受教育状况、血压和体重指数后显示,各组血清白细胞介素17水平间的差异仍具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,中、重度牙周炎患者发生冠心病的可能性高于牙周健康者,其发生冠心病的相对风险率比值比为2.416(P=0.039;95%CI:1.126-6.659)。经协方差分析校正年龄、受教育状况、血压和体重指数后,各组血清总胆固醇水平间差异仍具有统计学意义(P=0.018)。结论:严重的牙周感染可能通过改变白细胞介素17水平,影响全身炎症反应和冠心病的发生及发展,可能是冠心病事件的危险因素之一。     

不同海拔地区藏族就诊人群血脂、血液黏度、HCY水平与心血管疾病的相关性研究

目的:探讨不同海拔地区藏族就诊人群血脂、血液黏度、HCY水平与心血管疾病的相关性。方法:采用回顾性分析的方法,将328例来自不同海拔地区的藏族就诊患者为三组,高海拔组(纳入99例),中海拔(纳入120例)和低海拔组(纳入109例),比较不同海拔高度组患者血压、血脂、血液黏度、HCY、疾病类型的差异,采用多元Logistic回归模型分析藏族就诊人群心血管疾病发病的影响因素。结果:不同海拔组收缩压、舒张压、血清HCY、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C水平、全血黏度低切、中切、高切、血浆黏度和红细胞压积比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),随着海拔升高,收缩压、舒张压、血清HCY、TC、TG以及LDL-C、全血黏度低切、中切、高切、血浆黏度和红细胞压积水平显著升高(P0.05),而血清HDL-C水平显著下降。41.8%(137/328)的就诊者至少患有一种心血管疾病,和非心血管组比较,心血管疾病组年龄明显偏高,居住主要分布在中度及高度海拔地区,合并高血糖、高血脂、高HCY的比例均明显较高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。年龄、海拔、高血糖、高血脂、高HCY均和心血管疾病相关(r=-0.230~0.334,P0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析显示年龄、居住地海拔、HCY水平、全血低切粘度、TG水平、LDL-C等因素是心血管疾病发生的危险因素,HDL-C是保护因素。结论:来自不同海拔地区的就诊人群在血压、血脂、血液黏度、HCY水平以及心血管疾病患者占比不同。年龄、居住地海拔、HCY水平、血液黏度、血脂水平等增加可能使高原藏族人群心血管疾病发生风险增加。     

单胎妊娠早产胎膜早破呼吸窘迫综合征的危险因素分析

目的:探讨单胎妊娠早产胎膜早破发生新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(respiratory distress syndrome,RDS)的危险因素。方法:选择2017年5月至2019年5月在我院产科分娩的2810例产妇为研究对象,其中97例(3.45%)符合未足月胎膜早破(Preterm premature rupture of membranes,pPROM)标准,包括53例RDS。收集以下信息:PROM潜伏期、出生时胎龄、脐动脉搏动指数(Umbilical artery pulsatility index,UAPI)、大脑中动脉搏动指数(Middle cerebral artery pulsation index,MCAPI)、胎儿窘迫、产前使用类固醇、新生儿实验室参数、性别、体重、Apgar评分、分娩类型、妊娠高血压疾病、妊娠期糖耐量异常或糖尿病等信息,通过Logistic回归分析研究变量对RDS的影响。结果:Logistic回归分析结果显示,以下变量与RDS密切相关:新生儿性别女性(OR=0.517;95%CI:0.312-0.107;P=0.042),产前使用类固醇(OR=0.467;95%CI:0.355-0.698;P0.001),异常UAPI(OR=2.830;95%CI:1.783-6.234;P=0.002),异常MCA PI(OR=2.136;95%CI:1.120-4.017;P=0.032),胎儿窘迫(OR=2.420;95%CI:1.287-4.824;P=0.017),母体HGB(OR=0.689;95%CI:0.511-1.013;P=0.221),新生儿HGB(OR=0.752;95%CI:0.645-0.891;P0.001),新生儿RBC(OR=0.311;95%CI:0.201-0.565;P0.001)。结论:单胎妊娠早产胎膜早破发生RDS危险因素主要是性别、胎儿胎盘循环异常和胎儿窘迫。     

血清铁蛋白水平与非酒精性脂肪肝的相关性研究

目的:探讨血清铁蛋白水平与非酒精性脂肪肝(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的相关性。方法:选择2016年10月至2017年4月我院干保中心诊治的患者299例,根据腹部超声分为有NAFLD组及无NAFLD组。空腹抽血检测肝酶、血脂、血糖、胰岛素、血清铁蛋白、血常规。Pearson相关分析血清铁蛋白与各代谢指标的关系,采用Logistic二元回归分析血清铁蛋白水平与非酒精性脂肪肝患病率的关系。结果:NAFLD组血清铁蛋白水平明显高于非NAFLD组(301.9±206.2 ng/mL vs. 176±125.6ng/mL,P0.05)。血清铁蛋白水平与腹围、体重指数、血红蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、甘油三酯显著正相关(P0.05),与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著负相关(P0.05)。根据血清铁蛋白从低到高分成4等分,Q1 (17.8-124.8 ng/mL)、Q2 (125.6-199.4 ng/mL)、Q3(200.1-339.1ng/m L)、Q4(345.6-1074.9 ng/m L),其对应的NAFLD患病率分别为37.3%、52.0%、70.7%、78.4%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。将血清铁蛋白第一分位患脂肪肝的OR设为1.00,校正年龄、性别、体重指数、血红蛋白、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇后,第二至第四分位的OR(95%CI)分别为1.994(0.908-4.379),3.334(1.464-7.595),3.954(1.578-9.907)(趋势P0.05)。结论:血清铁蛋白水平与NAFLD发病明显相关,血清铁蛋白水平升高时,NAFLD的发病风险增加。     

脑小血管病患者血清尿酸水平和步态障碍之间的相关性

目的:探讨脑小血管病(Cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)患者血清尿酸(Uric acid,UA)水平和步态障碍之间的相关性。方法:将我院自2018年1月至2019年1月收治的CSVD患者172例作为研究对象,根据患者血清尿酸水平分为研究组87例,对照组85例。收集和比较两组的临床资料,使用Logistic回归分析血清尿酸和CSVD患者脑室旁、深部白质高信号、步态障碍之间的相关性。结果:两组的年龄、性别、体质指数、血糖指标、血脂指标水平,合并高血压、糖尿病病史和吸烟情况比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组血清尿酸水平、饮酒患者比例明显高于对照组(P0.05),脑室旁高信号和深部白质高信号中重度比例均明显高于对照组(P0.05);将步态障碍、脑室旁高信号与深部白质高信号作为影响因素带入相关分析,结果显示血清尿酸水平与步态障碍、脑室旁高信号与深部白质高信号比较存在正相关(P0.05)。结论:CSVD患者血清高尿酸水平与脑室旁、深部白质高信号病变程度呈明显的正相关性,也是患者步态障碍的影响因素。     

口服轮状病毒疫苗RotaTeq对不同人种轮状病毒胃肠炎免疫原性的meta分析

评价口服轮状病毒减毒活疫苗RotaTeq对全球儿童轮状病毒胃肠炎免疫原性,为疫苗的使用提供循证参考。检索2006-2021年公开发表的有关口服轮状病毒减毒活疫苗（Oral Live Attenuated Rotavirus Vaccine,ORV）RotaTeq(RV5)的文献,根据纳入排除标准筛选,共纳入了8 015名研究对象,其中疫苗组纳入研究对象4 062名,对照组纳入研究对象3 953名,使用RevMan5.3软件进行数据分析。共纳入6篇文献,对照组相比疫苗组血清IgA抗体、SNA-G1抗体、SNA-G2抗体、SNA-G3抗体、SNA-G4抗体、SNA-P1A[8]抗体的抗体阳转率分别升高了73%(95%CI:65%～81%)、35%(95%CI:19%～50%)、11%(95%CI:6%～16%)、12%(95%CI:5%～19%)、30%(95%CI:21%～38%)、23%(95%CI:8%～38%);与对照组相比,黄色人种疫苗组血清IgA抗体、SNA-G1抗体、SNA-G2抗体、SNA-G3抗体、SNA-G4抗体、SNA-P1A[8]抗体的抗体阳转率分别升高了75%(9...     

北方地区汉族人核苷酸剪切修复基因mRNA的表达与头颈鳞癌发病风险的初步研究

目的:探讨我国北方汉族人核苷酸剪切修复(Nucleotide excision repair,NER)基因mRNA的表达水平与头颈鳞癌发病风险的相关性,为头颈鳞癌的诊断提供新的生物学标志物。方法:收集205例头颈鳞癌患者和176例健康对照,均为我国北方地区汉族人。通过实时定量聚合酶链反应实验检测研究对象外周血淋巴细胞中的5个核心核苷酸剪切修复基因mRNA的相对表达情况。对病例和对照之间一般特征的分布差异进行卡方检验,通过Wilcoxon秩和检验计算不同基因的mRNA表达水平的差异。采用logistic回归计算优势比(OR值)及95%置信区间(95%CI)。此外,通过ROC曲线评价NER基因模型的诊断价值。结果:病例组DDB1的mRNA表达低于对照组(P=0.075)。在logistic回归分析中,矫正年龄、性别、吸烟状况和饮酒因素后,DDB1的mRNA相对表达水平与SCCHN患病风险关系的ORs,在第二、第三和第四四分位数水平中分别为1.90(95%CI,1.02-3.54)、1.54(95%CI,0.82-2.87)和1.88(95%CI,1.00-3.52),分布与其mRNA的高表达水平相比。此外,DDB1(Ptrend=0.036)的蛋白表达水平降低与SCCHN风险增加之间也存在剂量反应关系)。ROC曲线提示DDB1表达水平与性别结合的效应模型中AUC显著改善(P=0.046)。结论:我国北方汉族DDB1的mRNA相对表达的降低与SCCHN患病风险的增加显著相关。     

中国汉族人群PNPLA3 I148M 多态性影响脂联素水平及非酒精性脂肪性 肝病遗传易感性的相关性研究*

目的:探讨在中国人群中PNPLA3 I148M基因型、脂联素与非酒精性脂肪性肝病的遗传易感性的相关性,及PNPLA3基因型与空腹血清脂联素水平的关系。方法:对96例NAFLD患者和76名正常对照,采用多聚酶链反应(PCR)及直接测序法检测PNPLA3基因型。计量资料结果均用均数±标准差(X±S)表示,经方差齐性检验后,行t检验;性别、基因型及等位基因频率的比较行X2检验。结果:中国汉族人群中,存在PNPLA3基因I148M多态性,I148M G等位基因频率分布在NAFLD(64.89%)与正常对照组(34.87%)、NASH组(71.70%)与SS组(56.09%)中比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病例对照分析显示:148GG基因携带者与148CC基因携带者相比较,前者发生NAFLD的比值比(OR)为3.45(95%CI:2.21~5.41,P<0.05),发生NASH的OR为1.98(95%CI=1.08~3.64,P<0.05)。PNPLA3基因rs738409多态性与血清ALT水平有关(P<0.05),对NASH组分层分析,148GG基因型BMI、ALT、FINS均高于148CC基因型(P<0.05),血清HDL水平低于148CC基因型和148GC基因型(P<0.05),这些结果提示等位基因G与肝脏炎症和肝脏脂肪增加有相关性.Ordinal Logistic回归分析显示PNPLA3 I148M多态性与低浓度血清脂联素水平相关(<6μg/ml)(OR=2.78,95%CI=1.765~4.384,P<0.05)。结论:中国汉族人群中,PNPLA3基因I148M多态性与NAFLD的遗传易感性及脂联素的分泌调节相关,是决定NAFLD个体遗传易感性的重要因素。     

Association of vitamin D,BMD and knee osteoarthritis in postmenopausal women

Objectives:The aim of this study was to analyze the association of knee OA with bone mineral density (BMD) and vitamin D serum levels in postmenopausal women.Methods:A cross-sectional study including 240 postmenopausal women with knee OA was conducted. Demographic data were recorded along with balance and functionality scores. Knee OA severity was assessed by the radiological Kellgren & Lawrence scale. BMD and T-scores were calculated in hips and lumbar spine. Serum levels of vitamin D were also measured.Results:High BMI (p<0.005), high number of children (p=0.022) and family history of hip fracture (p=0.011) are significantly associated with knee OA severity. Lumbar spine OP is negatively associated with knee OA (p<0.005). A significant difference was detected between vitamin D deficiency and severe knee OA, adjusted for BMD [OR (95%CI); 3.1 (1.6-6.1), p=0.001]. BMD does not affect the relationship of vitamin D levels in relation to OA and vitamin D levels do not affect the relationship of BMD with OA.Conclusions:Low BMD has a protective role against knee OA while vitamin D deficiency contributes significantly to knee OA severity. However, the association between OA and OP is not affected by vitamin D deficiency and the association of OA and vitamin D serum levels is not affected by BMD.     

Beer and wine consumption and risk of knee or hip osteoarthritis: a case control study

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate the association between alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages and knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsWe conducted a case–control study of Caucasian men and women aged 45 to 86 years of age from Nottingham, UK. Cases had clinically severe symptoms and radiographic knee or hip OA; controls had no symptoms and no radiographic knee or hip OA. Exposure information was sought using interview-based questionnaires and a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire to assess beverage consumption at ages 21 to 50 years. Odds ratios (ORs), adjusted ORs (aORs), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and P values were estimated using logistic regression models.ResultsA total of 1,001 knee OA, 993 hip OA and 933 control participants were included in the study. Increasing beer consumption was associated with an increasing risk of OA (P for trend ≤0.001). Compared to those who did not consume beer, aORs for people who consumed 20 or more servings of beer were 1.93 (95% CI 1.26 to 2.94) and 2.15 (95% CI 1.45 to 3.19) for knee OA and hip OA, respectively. In contrast, increasing levels of wine consumption were associated with decreased likelihood of knee OA (P for trend <0.001). Compared to those who did not consume wine, aOR for knee OA among those who consumed 4 to 6 glasses of wine per week and ≥7 glasses of wine per week was 0.55 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.87) and 0.48 (95% CI 0.29 to 0.80), respectively. No association was identified between non-alcoholic beverages and knee or hip OA.ConclusionsBeer consumption appears to be a risk factor for knee and hip OA whereas consumption of wine has a negative association with knee OA. The mechanism behind these findings is speculative but warrants further study.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0534-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Genetic Polymorphisms of Interleukin-16 and Risk of Knee Osteoarthritis

BackgroundInterleukin-16 (IL-16), a pleiotropic cytokine, plays a fundamental role in inflammatory diseases. This study investigates the association between IL-16 polymorphisms and the risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in a Chinese population.MethodsThe IL-16 rs11556218, rs4072111, and rs4778889 polymorphisms were determined in 150 knee OA cases and 147 healthy controls through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.ResultsThe results suggested that the variants in IL-16 gene rs11556218 site were associated with a decreased knee OA risk after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and smoking and drinking status (TG vs. TT: OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.53–0.89; P = 0.006; GG vs. TT: OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.45–0.90; P = 0.042; dominant model: OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.29–0.87; P = 0.002; G vs. T allele: OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.66–0.90; P = 0.003). Similarly, subjects bearing the rs4072111 variant genotypes and alleles also had a lower susceptibility to knee OA compared with those bearing the wild-type (CT vs. CC: OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53–0.83; P = 0.002; TT vs. CC: OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.40–0.82; P = 0.027; dominant model: OR, 0.65; 95%, CI 0.52–0.80; P <0.001; T vs. C allele: OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.58–0.81; P <0.001). Further, the C allele and the combined genotype (CC+CT) of rs4778889 were associated with a slightly decreased risk of knee OA. In addition, we found two high-risk haplotypes: TTT (OR, 3.70) and GCC (OR, 6.22). Finally, serum IL-16 levels of knee OA patients were significantly higher than those of controls (P = 0.001).ConclusionsDespite the small sample size, this is the first study suggesting IL-16 gene polymorphisms to be associated with the risk of knee OA.     

Association of circulating selenium concentration with dyslipidemia: Results from the NHANES

BackgroundObservational studies have suggested that selenium levels might associate with the risk of cardio-metabolic diseases, but how circulating selenium is related to dyslipidemia remains inconclusive.ObjectivesTo investigate the association of circulating selenium levels with lipid profiles and dyslipidemia among US adults.MethodsUsing the data collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999–2006), we performed multivariate logistic regression to examine the association of circulating selenium levels (in quartiles) with total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, and atherogenic index (AI).ResultsWe included 2903 adults (49.3 % male) (average age: 61.9) for analysis. Circulating selenium had non-linear association with TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and AI (all p < 0.05). When comparing with the lowest quartile, subjects with the highest quartile of circulating selenium (>147.00 μg/L) had the higher odds of elevated TG (OR: 1.75, 95% CI = 1.14, 2.68), TC (OR: 2.47, 95% CI = 1.62, 3.76), LDL-C (OR: 2.52, 95% CI = 1.60, 3.96), non-HDL-C (OR: 2.17, 95% CI = 1.41, 3.33), AI (OR: 1.20, 95% CI = 0.73, 1.97) and low-HDL-C (OR: 2.10, 95% CI = 1.19, 3.72). Similar patterns were observed in subgroup analysis.ConclusionsHigher circulating selenium levels had non-linear association with lipid profiles and the increased odds of dyslipidemia.     

Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis

ObjectiveTo examine the cross-sectional associations between dietary magnesium (Mg) intake and radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA), joint space narrowing (JSN), and osteophytes (OST) respectively.MethodsA total of 1626 subjects were included in the study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Radiographic knee OA was defined as Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) Grade 2 in at least one leg. JSN and OST were assessed individually according to the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) atlas. A multivariable logistic analysis model was applied to test the various associations after adjusting for potentially confounding factors.ResultsThe relative odds of radiographic knee OA were decreased by 0.53 times in the third quintile of Mg intake [odds ratio (OR) 0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.28–1.01], 0.40 times in the fourth quintile (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.17–0.94) and 0.34 times in the fifth quintile (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.11–1.00) compared with those in the lowest quintile, while P for trend was 0.111. The relative odds of JSN were decreased by 0.49 times in the third quintile of Mg intake (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.28–0.88) and 0.37 times in the fifth quintile (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.14–0.98) compared with those in the lowest quintile, while P for trend was 0.088. There was no significant relationship between dietary Mg intake and the presence of OST.ConclusionsThe findings of this cross-sectional study indicate that Mg intake is inversely associated with radiographic knee OA and JSN. It supports potential role of Mg in the prevention of knee OA.

Level of Evidence

LevelIII, cross-sectional study.     

Serum copper and zinc levels in breast cancer: A meta-analysis

BackgroundMore and more studies have investigated the relationship between serum copper (Cu) and/or zinc (Zn) levels and breast cancer (BC). However, the results are inconsistent. It is unclear whether the serum Cu to Zn ratio (Cu/Zn) is associated with BC risk. Therefore, we evaluated serum Cu and Zn concentrations, and Cu/Zn in BC through meta-analysis.Materials and methodsStudies reporting serum Cu and/or Zn concentrations in BC patients and controls from 1991 to 2020 were identified from PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases online. Based on a random effects model, summary standard mean differences (SMDs) and the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) were applied to compare the serum levels of Cu, Zn and Cu/Zn between BC patients and controls.ResultsThirty-six eligible studies involving 5747 female subjects were included. The present study illustrated that the BC patients had significantly higher serum Cu levels than healthy controls (HC) (SMD (95 % CI): 1.99(1.48, 2.49)) and patients with benign breast diseases (BD) (SMD (95 % CI): 0.99(0.38, 1.61)). However, Zn concentrations were statistically decreased in BC patients than HC (SMD (95 % CI): -1.20(-1.74, -0.66)) and BD (SMD (95 % CI): -1.13 (-1.73, -0.54)). Cu/Zn concentrations were remarkably increased in BC patients than HC (SMD (95 % CI): 2.75(1.79, 3.60)) and BD (SMD (95 % CI): 2.98(1.91, 4.05)) in some studies.ConclusionThe results show that elevated serum levels of Cu and Cu/Zn, as well as decreased Zn might be associated with increased risk of breast cancer. These three parameters have the potential to distinguish breast cancer from benign breast diseases.     

Low-level environmental lead and cadmium exposures and dyslipidemia in adults: Findings from the NHANES 2005–2016

BackgroundPrevious experimental and occupational health studies have shown the toxic effects of relatively high-level cadmium and lead on lipid metabolism. However, limited studies investigated the relationships between serum lipid levels and exposure to low-level lead and cadmium in adults.ObjectiveTo investigate the associations between lead and cadmium levels in blood and dyslipidemia in adults.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study of 7,457 adults aged 20–79 years who were recruited in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005–2016) was conducted. Multivariate linear and logistic regressions were used to examine the associations of blood lead and cadmium levels with serum lipid profiles and risk of dyslipidemia, respectively.ResultsThe weighted geometric means [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] of lead and cadmium in blood were 1.23 (1.21, 1.25) μg/dL and 0.36 (0.35, 0.37) μg/L, respectively. Blood lead was significantly associated with serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) levels after adjusting for covariates. Compared with the adults in the lowest blood lead quartile (≤0.76 μg/dL), those in the highest lead quartile (>1.90 μg/dL) had higher risks of elevated TC (OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.59–2.22), non-HDL-C (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.33–1.91), LDL-C (OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.41–1.99) and Apo B (OR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.46–2.73). However, the single effect of cadmium exposure and the joint effect of lead and cadmium exposures on dyslipidemia were not observed.ConclusionBlood lead well below the current recommended level was positively associated with the risk of dyslipidemia in adults, while the low-level cadmium exposure currently observed in adults did not show any significant associations with lipid levels.     

Association between Psoriasis Vulgaris and Coronary Heart Disease in a Hospital-Based Population in Japan

BackgroundPsoriasis vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with an immune-genetic background. It has been reported as an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) in the United States and Europe. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between psoriasis and CHD in a hospital-based population in Japan.MethodsFor 113,065 in-hospital and clinic patients at our institution between January 1, 2011 and January 1, 2013, the diagnostic International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes for CHD, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and psoriasis vulgaris were extracted using the medical accounting system and electronic medical record, and were analyzed.ResultsThe prevalence of CHD (n = 5,167, 4.5%), hypertension (n = 16,476, 14.5%), dyslipidemia (n = 9,236, 8.1%), diabetes mellitus (n = 11,555, 10.2%), and psoriasis vulgaris (n = 1,197, 1.1%) were identified. The prevalence of CHD in patients with hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and psoriasis vulgaris were 21.3%, 22.2%, 21.1%, and 9.0%, respectively. In 1,197 psoriasis patients, those with CHD were older, more likely to be male, and had more number of the diseases surveyed by ICD-10 codes. Multivariate analysis showed that psoriasis vulgaris was an independent associated factor for CHD (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.58; p = 0.0404) along with hypertension (adjusted OR: 7.78; 95% CI: 7.25–8.36; p < 0.0001), dyslipidemia (adjusted OR: 2.35; 95% CI: 2.19–2.52; p < 0.0001), and diabetes (adjusted OR: 2.86; 95% CI: 2.67–3.06; p < 0.0001).ConclusionPsoriasis vulgaris was independently associated with CHD in a hospital-based population in Japan.     

Infrapatellar fat pad in the knee: is local fat good or bad for knee osteoarthritis?

Introduction

Recent studies regarding the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) mainly focus on the roles of the cells derived from the IPFP. There have been few clinical or epidemiological studies reporting on the association between the IPFP and knee osteoarthritis (OA). Our objective is to generate hypotheses regarding the associations between IPFP maximum area and knee OA measures in older adults.

Methods

A total of 977 subjects between 50 and 80 years of age (mean, 62.4 years) participated in the study. Radiographic knee osteophyte and joint space narrowing (JSN) were assessed using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International atlas. T1- or T2-weighted fat suppressed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was utilized to assess IPFP maximum area, cartilage volume, cartilage defects, and bone marrow lesions (BMLs). Knee pain was assessed by self-administered Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire.

Results

After adjustment for potential confounders, IPFP maximum area was significantly associated with joint space narrowing (odds ratio (OR): 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.62 to 0.91 (medial), 0.77, 95% CI: 0.62 to 0.96 (lateral)) and medial osteophytes (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.76), knee tibial and patellar cartilage volume (β: 56.9 to 164.9 mm³/cm², all P <0.001), tibial cartilage defects (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.41 to 0.81 (medial), 0.53, 95% CI: 0.40-0.71 (lateral)), any BMLs (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.63 to 0.94), and knee pain on a flat surface (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63 to 0.98). IPFP maximum area was negatively, but not significantly, associated with femoral cartilage defects, lateral tibiofemoral BMLs, and total knee pain or other knee pain subscales.

Conclusion

IPFP maximum area is beneficially associated with radiographic OA, MRI structural pathology and knee pain on a flat surface suggesting a protective role for IPFP possibly through shock absorption. Consequently, we must pay special attention to IPFP in the clinical settings, avoiding resection of normal IPFP in knee surgery.