中国马蓝属(爵床科)新组合和新分类群(英文)

采用广义的马蓝属(Strobilanthes Blume)概念,提出3个新组合:匍匐半插花(S.primulifolia(Nees)Y.F.DengJ.R.I.Wood),直立半插花(S.cumingiana(Forst.)Y.F.DengJ.R.I.Wood)和狭叶马蓝(S.atropurpurea var.stenophylla(C.B.Clarke)Y.F.DengJ.R.I.Wood);描述了8新种:南岭马蓝(Strobilanthes austrosinensis Y.F.DengJ.R.I.Wood)、冯氏马蓝(S.fengiana Y.F.DengJ.R.I.Wood)、陶氏马蓝(S.taoana Y.F.DengJ.R.I.Wood)、启无马蓝(S.wangiana Y.F.DengJ.R.I.Wood)、景东马蓝(S.atroviridis Y.F.DengJ.R.I.Wood)、西畴马蓝(S.rostrata Y.F.DengJ.R.I.Wood)、黄连山马蓝(S.spiciformis Y.F.DengJ.R.I.Wood)和匍匐马蓝(S.procumbens Y.F.DengJ.R.I.Wood)。对南岭马蓝、黄连山马蓝、景东马蓝和匍匐马蓝的花粉形态进行了观察。     

中国爵床科马蓝属二新记录种

报道中国爵床科Acanthaceae马蓝属Strobilanthes Bl.两个新记录种——四列马蓝Strobilanthes quadrifaria (Wall. ex Nees) Y. F. Deng和齿叶马蓝S. serrata Imlay, 并绘制了形态图。指定了四列马蓝的后选模式。     

广西马蓝属(爵床科)一新种——阳朔马蓝

描述了广西马蓝属Strobilanthes一新种,即阳朔马蓝S.pseudocollina K.J.He＆D.H.Qin,并描绘了形态图。该新种与S.collinaNees近似,但以叶革质,花序无毛,花少且排列稀疏而不同。     

中药马蓝叶及其混乱品的比较鉴别

马蓝叶是加工传统中药青黛的主要原料。为了确保药材质量,作者对中药马蓝叶及其混乱品种球花马蓝、疏花马蓝、广西马蓝的原植物、药材性状、叶组织显微特征和薄层层析鉴别等进行了研究。指出其混乱品种虽与马蓝叶是同属植物,但不含马蓝叶的有效成分靛玉红,应仔细鉴别,不宜混用。     

中国爵床科一新记录种-紧贴马蓝

报道中国爵床科马蓝属植物一新记录种―紧贴马蓝StrobilanthesadpressaJ.R.I.Wood。     

将安龙花转移至马蓝属(爵床科)的形态特征依据

比较了安龙花(Dyschoriste sinica H. S. Lo)的模式标本与距药花属(Dyschoriste Nees)和马蓝属(Strobilanthes Bl.)部分种类的花粉和花的特征后,支持将安龙花转移到马蓝属,组合为Strobilanthes sinica (H. S. Lo) Y. F. Deng。安龙花隶属于马蓝属黄猄草群,它与日本马蓝(Strobilanthes japonica (Thunb.) Miq.)近似,但区别在于它的匍匐习性,叶矩圆状椭圆形,近无柄,花单生叶腋。因此,距药花属(Dyschoriste Nees)在中国并没有分布。     

外源水杨酸对马蓝叶片中蛋白水平表达的影响

以马蓝为试验材料,运用蛋白质双向电泳技术研究了外源水杨酸处理下马蓝叶片中蛋白质的差异表达变化.从喷施外源水杨酸处理的马蓝叶片中共获得20个显著性差异蛋白点,并成功鉴定出8个差异蛋白点,分别为ATP合成酶、α-微管蛋白、细胞分裂蛋白、甘油醛-磷酸脱氢酶和1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)氧化酶.其中除乙烯合成的关键酶--ACC氧化酶表达丰度下降外,其余蛋白表达量均上升.施加外源水杨酸可以影响马蓝叶片中相关蛋白的表达水平,增强植物体的逆境抵抗力和修复能力.     

中国东部爵床科一个新记录种

报道了浙江省发现的爵床科（Acanthaceae）马蓝属（Strobilanthes Blume）新记录植物——奇瓣马蓝（Strobilanthes cognata Benoist）。至此，浙江省记录到的马蓝属植物增加至8种。奇瓣马蓝分布于中国中西部（湖北、湖南、贵州），在浙江省为新记录，且是该物种在中国最东端以及海拔最低的分布记录。该发现为进一步丰富和补充浙江省野生植物资源物种多样性提供了宝贵资料。凭证标本保存于江苏省·中国科学院植物研究所标本馆（NAS）。     

广西马蓝属二新种

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云南狼尾草属二新变种

光轴狼尾草 新变种 Pennisetum longissimum S. L. Chen et Y. X. Jin var. axiglabrum B. S. Sum et X. Yang, var. nov. Atypo recedit rhachidibus paniculae glabris v puberulis in angulis necnon glabris interangulos. Yullnan(云南):Yongsheng(永胜),2130m,77 class Exped. (77)级金江队77256(模式!存云南大学标本室,Typus! YUNU); Baoshan(保山), 77 class Exped. (77级分类组) 77304     

Anatomical characterization of Strobilanthes (Acanthaceae) species from the northern Western Ghats of India and its implication for identification at vegetative state

A comprehensive study of stem, leaf and petiole anatomy of 10 species of Strobilanthes from northern Western Ghats of India was carried out to identify characteristics which would enable species identification when flowering material is unavailable. In Strobilanthes, some species bloom annually, others are plietesials, i.e. they grow without blooming for several years and then produce huge quantities of flowers, release seeds and die. Therefore, alternative methods, such as anatomical characters, are essential to distinguish Strobilanthes species in their vegetative stage. We collected ten species of Strobilanthes for anatomical characterization. Under the bright‐field microscope, stem cross‐sections of different species were found to be undulate, quadrangular, quadrangular‐winged or terete. Study of the stem revealed a distinct outer and inner cortex, the distribution of cystoliths (CaCO₃ crystals), raphides (CaC₂H₂O₅ crystals) and sclereids which varied from species to species. Study of leaf anatomy showed structural variation and vascular bundle shapes that differed between the species. Leaf epidermal characters under light and scanning electron microscopy exhibited variation in characters such as stomatal index, stomatal length and width, stomatal type and presence of glandular and non‐glandular trichomes. The petiole anatomy was species‐specific, especially with respect to vascular bundle structure and the distribution of structures such as sclereids, cystoliths, sphaeraphides and tannin cells varied. Hence, unique anatomical features of the stem, leaf and petiole could be used as taxonomic characters to identify Strobilanthes species in a vegetative state.     

3-Acetonyl-3-hydroxyoxindole: a new inducer of systemic acquired resistance in plants

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is an inducible defence mechanism which plays a central role in protecting plants from microbial pathogen attack. Guided by bioassays, a new chemical inducer of SAR was isolated from the extracts of Strobilanthes cusia and identified to be 3-acetonyl-3-hydroxyoxindole (AHO), a derivative of isatin. Tobacco plants treated with AHO exhibited enhanced resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and to the fungal pathogen Erysiphe cichoracearum (powdery mildew), accompanied by increased levels of pathogenesis-related gene 1 ( PR-1 ) expression, salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity. To study the mode of action of AHO, its ability to induce PR-1 expression and TMV resistance in nahG transgenic plants expressing salicylate hydroxylase, which prevents the accumulation of SA, was analysed. AHO treatment did not induce TMV resistance or PR-1 expression in nahG transgenic plants, suggesting that AHO acts upstream of SA in the SAR signalling pathway. In addition, using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry, five AHO-induced plant proteins were identified which were homologous to the effector proteins with which SA interacts. Our data suggest that AHO may represent a novel class of inducer that stimulates SA-mediated defence responses.     

Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Strobilanthes crispus leaf extract

This study investigated the components present in and the total antioxidant activity of leaves of Strobilanthes crispus (L.) Bremek or Saricocalyx crispus (L.) Bremek (Acanthacea). Proximate analyses and total antioxidant activity using ferric thiocyanate and thiobarbituric acid methods were employed. Minerals content was determined using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer, whereas the water-soluble vitamins were determined by means of the UV-VIS spectrophotometer (vitamin C) and fluorimeter (vitamins B₁ and B₂). Catechin, tannin, caffeine, and alkaloid contents were also studied. All data were compared to the previously reported results of Yerbamate, green tea, black tea, and Indian tea. The dried leaves contained a high amount of total ash (21.6%) as a result of a high amount of minerals including potassium (51%), calcium (24%), sodium (13%), iron (1%), and phosphorus (1%). High content of water-soluble vitamins (C, B₁, and B₂) contributed to the high antioxidant activity of the leaves. The leaves also contained a moderate amount of other proximate composition as well as other compounds such as catechins, alkaloids, caffeine, and tannin, contributing further to the total antioxidant activity. Catechins of Strobilanthes crispus leaves showed highest antioxidant activity when compared to Yerbamate and vitamin E. Consumption of the leafy extract daily (5 g/day) as an herbal tea could contribute to the additional nutrients and antioxidants needed in the body to enhance the defense system, especially toward the incidence of degenerative diseases.