PACS辅助教学在医学影像学实习教学中的应用探讨

尝试应用影像存储及传输系统(Picture Archiving and Communication System,PACS),对我院临床本科生进行影像学实习教学。首先应用PACS建立电子影像学图片库,学生在PACS联网的计算机上学习教学内容,通过定期随堂测验、期末考试和课后问卷调查评估PACS辅助教学的教学效果,对PACS辅助教学在医学影像学实习教学中的应用价值进行探讨。与以往传统医学影像学实习教学方法相比,PACS辅助教学在医学影像学实习教学中具有激发学生学习主动性、提高学习效率和学生读片能力的优越性,显著提高教学效果和教学质量,对促进医学影像学教学改革具有重要意义。     

国内外PACS现状及发展趋势

医学影像存储与传输系统(Picture Archiving and Communication Systems,PACS)是近年来随着数字成像技术、计算机技术和网络技术的进步而迅速发展起来的,旨在全面解决医学图像的获取、显示、存储、传送和管理的综合系统。PACS的名称是在此之前1984年召开的第一届国际PACS和个人健康数据     

医学影像学教学实践中PACS的应用

目的:探究医学影像学在教学实践中应用PACS的效果。方法:将我校2014级62例医学影像学专业的学生作为研究对象,按影像学教学模式不同分为对照组与研究组,每组各31例,对照组给予传统教学模式,研究组应用PACS系统模式教学,对比两种模式的优势。结果:研究组学生读片成绩以及理论成绩均高于对照组,且存在统计学差异(p0.05);研究组学生学习效率、主动性、读片能力、分析能力、思维能力评分均高于对照组,数据存在统计学差异(p0.05)。结论:在医学影像学教学实践中应用PACS系统与传统教学模式相比,使医学影像学教学质量与效率得到了较大提高,优势显著,值得应用。     

医学影像数字化处理与管理

医学影像数字化是当今的趋势和需要,现代计算机及相关技术的迅速发展为医学影像数字化处理及存储提供了方便。作为PACS的一个重要组成部分,对已有的传统医学影像数字化处理是医学图像信息进入全面数字化管理所必须完成的工作。为了科教研和学术交流,同时为下一步PACS、RIS的构建作准备,我们开发了模块式图像管理系统并利用数码相机对医学影像进行数字化处理,介绍如下:     

医用PACS系统及其主要技术问题

医用图像归档与通信系统(简称PACS)是近年来医学图像处理的一个研究热点。本文介绍了这一系统的基本功能、系统构成及其几个主要技术问题。     

浅谈PACS系统

本文介绍了与PACS技术有关的四大部分的内容,包括PACS技术的提出：PACS系统的构成,基本功能;与PACS技术有关的一些标准化问题,以及PACS技术的现状和PACS技术发展的前景。方向等等问题。     

JPEG2000压缩算法及其在医学图像DICOM格式中的实现

本文描述了在医学图像DICOM格式中实现JPEG2000压缩算法的编程思路和方法。提供了部分VC＋＋代码,对关键函数进行了较详细的注解,并对两种图像压缩格式进行了比较,给出了一个详细的实验结果。     

浅析PACS中的DICOM标准

随着医学影像设备的广泛应用以及PACS的快速发展,为了统一各种数字化影像设备的图像数据格式和数据传输标准而诞生的DICOM标准已经成为医学数字成像和通讯的共同标准。本文简要的介绍了DICOM标准的历史以及DICOM数据集和DICOM文件格式的组织形式。     

科学出版社生命科学编辑部新书推介

《数字医学图像处理、存档及传输技术》贾克斌编著ISBN7-03-016484-9定价:40.00元出版时间:2006-03本书是一本较为全面地介绍数字医学图像处理、存档及传输等方法和技术的著作,内容包括绪论、数字医学图像及其获取、DICOM标准及其在PACS中的应用、高精度医学图像处理技术、高分     

探讨Array 2905 Digitizer在数字化教学中的作用

数字化是多媒体和网络技术为核心的信息技术的前提,信息技术是以数字化为支柱,对有价值的传统信息进行模数转换是必不可少的。作为模数转换的工具,Digitizer是医学图像数字化的最佳选择之一。我院在建立PACS系统中配备了Array 2905 Digitizer.Digitizer可对传统有价值的医学影像胶片和外院罕见的疑难病例的影像胶片进行扫描输入,并将模拟信息转化成数字化信息,使其成为PACS系统(Picture Arehiving and Communication System,它包括各种医学影像信息采集、存储、报告、输出、管理、查询等。)数据库和医疗教学科研工作中的一个重要部分。     

IMPAX PACS在黑龙江省区域化医疗远程会诊中的初步应用

目的:研究黑龙江省不同医疗机构之间新型协同服务模式,加强垦区各级医疗机构的信息化基础建设,建立基于医学影像存档与通信传输系统(Picture Archiving and Communications System,PACS)的数字化医疗区域。方法:将哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院现有的影像数据归档,集成到IMPAX PACS数据中心(Internet Data Center,IDC),作为整个区域医疗的影像中心。通过IDC交换平台的延伸覆盖,以及医院信息系统(Hospital Information System,HIS)与XERO集成,可经网络调阅IDC中的影像,实现远程影像会诊。结果:建立基于IMPAX PACS的区域医疗;工程覆盖1家省会大医院和垦区2家综合性医院、5家二级医院、11家农场医院,实现联网医院间的影像学远程会诊。结论:PACS区域远程医疗系统的建立为基层百姓就医提供方便,影像学远程会诊可有效避免影像学重复检查,双向转诊、信息共享给患者带来更多的便利和实惠,具有巨大的社会效益。     

Current views on the functionalities of PACS

The concept of PACS has evolved from a central storage of medical images to a distributed data and image management system. The trend and evolution of the definition and design of PACS systems is described in this paper. Special emphasis on the concept of distributed and open architecture is given with a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. A hospital-wide PACS system designed based on a distributed architecture integrated with a Hospital Information System (HIS) at the University Hospital of Geneva is further described.     

Medical Ultrasound Video Coding with H.265/HEVC Based on ROI Extraction

High-efficiency video compression technology is of primary importance to the storage and transmission of digital medical video in modern medical communication systems. To further improve the compression performance of medical ultrasound video, two innovative technologies based on diagnostic region-of-interest (ROI) extraction using the high efficiency video coding (H.265/HEVC) standard are presented in this paper. First, an effective ROI extraction algorithm based on image textural features is proposed to strengthen the applicability of ROI detection results in the H.265/HEVC quad-tree coding structure. Second, a hierarchical coding method based on transform coefficient adjustment and a quantization parameter (QP) selection process is designed to implement the otherness encoding for ROIs and non-ROIs. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed optimization strategy significantly improves the coding performance by achieving a BD-BR reduction of 13.52% and a BD-PSNR gain of 1.16 dB on average compared to H.265/HEVC (HM15.0). The proposed medical video coding algorithm is expected to satisfy low bit-rate compression requirements for modern medical communication systems.     

Application of novel lossless compression of medical images using prediction and contextual error modeling

Conduction of tele-3D-computer assisted operations as well as other telemedicine procedures often requires highest possible quality of transmitted medical images and video. Unfortunately, those data types are always associated with high telecommunication and storage costs that sometimes prevent more frequent usage of such procedures. We present a novel algorithm for lossless compression of medical images that is extremely helpful in reducing the telecommunication and storage costs. The algorithm models the image properties around the current, unknown pixel and adjusts itself to the local image region. The main contribution of this work is the enhancement of the well known approach of predictor blends through highly adaptive determination of blending context on a pixel-by-pixel basis using classification technique. We show that this approach is well suited for medical image data compression. Results obtained with the proposed compression method on medical images are very encouraging, beating several well known lossless compression methods. The predictor proposed can also be used in other image processing applications such as segmentation and extraction of image regions.     

A secure lossless recovery for medical images based on image encoding and data self-embedding

To protect the security of data outsourced to the cloud, the tampers detection and recovery for outsourced image have aroused the concern of people. A secure tampering detection and lossless recovery for medical images (MI) using permutation ordered binary (POB) number system is proposed. In the proposed scheme, the region of interest (ROI) of MI is first extracted, and then, ROI is divided into some no-overlapping blocks, and image encoding is conducted on these blocks based on the better compression performance of JPEG-LS for medical image. After that, the generated compression data by all the blocks are divided into high 4-bit and low 4-bit planes, and shuffling and combination are used to generate two plane images. Owing to the substantial redundancies space in the compressed data, the data of each plane are spread to the size of the original image. Lastly, authentication data of two bits is obtained for every pixel and inserted into the pixel itself within the each plane, and the corresponding 10-bit data is transformed into the POB value of 8-bit. Furthermore, encryption is implemented on the above image to produce two shares which can be outsourced to the cloud server. The users can detect tampered part and recover original image when they down load the shares from the cloud. Extensive experiments on some ordinary medical image and COVID-19 image datasets show that the proposed approach can locate the tampered parts within the MI, and the original MI can be recovered without any loss even if one of the shares are totally destroyed, or two shares are tampered at the ration not more than 50%. Some comparisons and analysis are given to show the better performance of the scheme.

     

基于高频X线机的DR升级系统的应用

目的探讨应用平板探测器升级高频x光机成为DR系统的方法及其应用价值。方法利用CANON公司的CXDI一50G平板探测器升级PHILIPSBuckyTs高频x光机,采集的图像信息传避工作站进行图像处理。结果图像质量满足诊断要求,与医院PACS、RIS系统联网成功。结论基于高频x光机的DR升级系统,提高了影像质量,降低了材料损耗和购机成本,有一定的推广和应用价值。     

3-D warped discrete cosine transform for MRI image compression

Image compression is an application of data compression on digital images. Several lossy/lossless transform coding techniques are used for image compression. Discrete cosine transform (DCT) is one such widely used technique. A variation of DCT, known as warped discrete cosine transform (WDCT), is used for 2-D image compression and it is shown to perform better than the DCT at high bit-rates. We extend this concept and develop the 3-D WDCT, a transform that has not been previously investigated. We outline some of its important properties, which make it especially suitable for image compression. We then propose a complete image coding scheme for volumetric data sets based on the 3-D WDCT scheme. It is shown that the 3-D WDCT-based compression scheme performs better than a similar 3-D DCT scheme for volumetric data sets at high bit-rates.