油果樟属和近缘属的网脉结构式样(英文)

对油果樟属(Syndiclis Hook.f.)及其近缘属琼楠属(Beilschmiedia Nees)、孔药楠属(Sinopora J.Li et al.)、国产土楠属(Endiandra R.Br.)和Potameia的网脉结构进行了观察。结果表明,它们的网脉结构可分为3种类型:A型网格小且小脉无游离末端;B型网格小但有不分枝或简单分枝的游离末端;C型网格粗且网脉末端多分枝。琼楠属网脉结构多样,具有全部3种类型,其余4属均仅有1种类型,油果樟属、孔药楠属以及土楠属均为A型,明显不同于Potameia的C型网脉结构。     

油果樟属(Syndiclis Hook.f.)的分类与分布兼论这一分布类型的牲征

最近作者对油果樟属植物进行整理,现把这一属植物的分类与分布,以及这一分布类型的特征报道如下。 一、分 类 油果樟属是J.D.Hooker根据Booth采自不丹的一份樟科植物标本于1886年建立起来的。该属建立时是一单型属,其特征是:花被裂片4,全然脱落,形状为横向长圆形,排成2轮,内轮2片较小;能育雄蕊4,与花被裂片对生且等长,宽卵圆形,厚而被毛,具腺点,1室,以单瓣开裂;退化雄蕊4,细小,披针形,被毛;子房无毛,向     

华山松籽油中多不饱和脂肪酸的分离研究

华山松籽油中富含不饱和脂肪酸,尤其是亚油酸。采用尿素包合法对华山松籽油中的多不饱和脂肪酸进行分离。一次尿素包合后气相色谱(GC)分析华山松籽油亚油酸从63％增加到93％,油酸由26％减少到6％,不饱和脂肪总量提高到99．9％。尿素包合法能有效地分离华山松籽油中的多不饱和脂肪酸,其较理想的包合条件为：乙醇作溶剂,脂肪酸、尿素的比为1;1．5,包合温度为5℃。     

苦楝种子油的性质与应用研究

若楝种子机榨出油率为４％－６％。油的比重（２５℃）０．９２６４、折光率（２５℃）１．４７９４,皂化值２０．１,酸值３．６,磺值１１３．７。油的主要脂肪酸有棕榈酸（９．３１％）、硬脂酸（３．０８％）、油酸（１８．７％）、亚油酸（６５．５９％）。不饱和脂肪酸含量较高是其油的特点。初步证明油中非脂肪部分含有多种萜类化合物。通过室内和大田试验,证明苦楝种子油乳剂对多种农业害虫有较好的杀虫效果。     

安徽省沽油科一新变种

本文报导了安徽省沽油科一新变种：毛省沽油ＳｔａｐｈｙｌｅａｂｕｍａｌｄａＤＣ．ｖａｒ．ｐｕｂｅｓｃｅｎｓＮ．ＬｉｅｔＹ．Ｈ．Ｈｅ,ｖａｒ．ｎｏｖ．     

云南使君子仁油中挥发性成分的GC—MS分析

采用醇提和乙酸乙酯萃取使君子仁油,用固相微萃取技术对油中的挥发性成分进行GC-MS定性和定量分析。结果表明：使君子仁油的挥发性成分中含有52种精油成分,鉴定出29种化合物,其中蚁酸、乙酸、柠檬烯、甲苯的含量较高,分别为1．65％、6．51％、2．41％、2．75％。使君子仁油中所含挥发性成分大多为有毒和刺激性化合物,为保证用药的安全性,在直接食用种仁驱虫时必须熟食,禁止生食,避免发生中毒现象。     

中国沙棘种子油成分分析

对辽宁、河北、山西、陕西、甘肃和内蒙古等六个省（区）八个产地的沙棘种子的含油率、种子油的理化常数和各种营养成分进行了分析比较研究,为中国沙棘种子油的利用和建立统一的沙棘种子油标准提供了依据。中国沙棘种子含油率为７．３２～９．８３％。油中饱和脂肪酸与不饱和脂肪酸之比为１：７．０～８．２。油中ＶＥ含量为１１５～２３９ｍｇ％,其中α－生育酚占２０．２５～５１．７３％。胡萝卜素含量在５．７０～１４．９０ｍｇ％。     

中国樟科物种编目:问题和展望

<正>樟科(Lauraceae)隶属于被子植物木兰亚纲(Magnoliidae)木兰超目(Magnolianae)樟目(Laurales)(RevealChase,2011)。该科的化石记录可追溯至白垩纪中期,现存50属2,500–3,000种,泛热带分布(李捷和李锡文,2004),是被子植物分类中最困难的科之一(Paton et al.,2008)。根据分子系统学研究(Chanderbali et al.,2001;RohwerRudolph,2005),樟科包含最基部的Hypodaphnis Stapf分支、厚壳桂属(Cryptocarya R.Br.)群分支、檬果樟属(Caryodaphnopsis Airy Shaw)–新樟属(Neocinnamomum     

喜马拉雅旱獭油治疗烧伤动物模型复制及疗效观察

于１９９６年开始对旱獭油治疗烧伤烫伤的药用价值进行了研究。用家兔３０只做烧伤动物模型复制及疗效观察旱獭油治疗烧伤的疗效,结果表明,旱獭油治疗动物烧伤创面的疗效明显优于对照药物京万红和美宝湿润膏。对于一、二、三度烧伤的治愈时间,旱獭油分别为５．５、３１．１和３９．９天,明显短于对照药物的７．９、４１．６、５１．７和７．４、３８．６、４９．２天（Ｐ〈０．０１或Ｐ〈０．０５）。旱獭油治疗烧伤的结果表明,     

肝动脉造影和碘油CT 对小肝癌的诊断( 附15 例报告)

目的：探讨肝动脉造影和碘油CT对小肝癌诊断和临床应用价值。材料和方法：临床诊断肝癌术后复发、超声、平扫厦增CT检查、MRI检查肝内病灶最大径≤1cm患者15例。经股动脉插管肝动脉造影观察肿瘤染色后再注入碘油4～12ml。1—4周后作CT扫描,再根据CT检查结果作出诊断。结果：15例共发现42个病灶。在41个小肝癌病灶中五种影像方法检出率分别为超声70．6％,CT60％,MRI66％,血管造影88．5％,碘油CT99％。肝动脉造影和碘油CT均明显为优。结论：本研究显示肝动脉造影和碘油CT是目前诊断小肝癌最敏感和准确的影像方法之一。     

THE CHINESE SARISOPHORA MEYRICK AND DESCRIPTIONS OF FOUR NEW SPECIES (LEPIDOPTERA: LECITHOCERIDAE)

Abstract  In this paper, 4 new species, Sarisophora cerussata , S. dactylisana, S. neptigota, S, idonea , are described. The genitalia of both sexes are illustrated. Key is provided for all the known 6 Chinese species.     

Phylogeny and a new species of Sparassis (Polyporales, Basidiomycota): evidence from mitochondrial atp6, nuclear rDNA and rpb2 genes

Three nuclear genes, lsu-rDNA (encoding nuclear large subunit rDNA), ITS (encoding the rDNA internal transcribed spacers and 5.8 S rDNA) and rpb2 (encoding the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II), and the mitochondrial gene atp6 (encoding the sixth subunit of ATP synthase), were sequenced from all recognized Sparassis lineages. Sparassis latifolia sp. nov. from boreal coniferous forests in China is described based on morphological, ecological, geographical and molecular data. The nuclear gene phylogeny strongly supported groups corresponding to morphological differences, geographic distribution and host shifts among species that produce clamp connections, such as S. crispa from Europe, S. radicata from western North America and S. latifolia from Asia. The atp6 phylogeny however showed no divergence among these three species. For clampless Sparassis species, such as S. spathulata from eastern North America, S. brevipes and a new species from Europe, the atp6 phylogeny was congruent with the nuclear gene phylogeny. Sparassis cystidiosa is basal in the nuclear tree but sister to S. brevipes-S. spathulata clade in the ATP6 tree. The differences between the phylogenetic inferences from the atp6 gene and those from nuclear genes within Sparassis species are discussed.     

中国槐祝蛾属研究及四新种记述(鳞翅目:祝蛾科)(英文)

槐祝蛾属Sarisophora Meyrick,1904是祝蛾亚科中较大的一个属,我国过去已知2种。本文记述4新种,灰白槐祝蛾S.cerussata Wu,指瓣槐祝蛾S.dactylisana Wu,小槐祝蛾S.neptigota Wu和欣槐祝蛾S.idonea Wu,并首次记述了丝槐祝蛾S.serena Gozmány的雌性外生殖器特征。将我国已知的6种均纳入分种检索表。除拟槐祝蛾S.simulatrix Gozmány尚未采到外,其余5种的标本均保存在中国科学院动物研究所。     

云南鳞毛蕨属纤维鳞毛蕨组的分类研究

本文记载云南产鳞毛蕨届纤维鳞毛蕨组植物16种,其中6种为云南新分布,1种为新改级。     

Three New Species of Brevitobrilus (Nematoda) with a Discussion on Relationships within the Genus

Three new species of the genus BrevitobriusTsalolikhin, 1981 are described. Brevitobrilus glandulatus n. sp. is characterized by conspicuous sphincter between pars dilatata and uterus; two pairs of vaginal glands; spicules having elliptical capitula with small proximal stiffening piece; proximally-arcuate gubernaculum; S3 and S4 smaller than other supplements; S6 out of spicular range and 57-60 micropapillae. Brevitobrilus dimorphicus n. sp. is diagnosed by sexual dimorphism in labial sensilla and amphids; thick-walled rectum with a diverticulum protruding into intestinal lumen and males with boat-shaped spicules and S6 occasionally slightly smaller than other supplements. Brevitobrilus allahabadensis n. sp. possesses large amphids of 28-33% of corresponding labial diameter in both sexes; vagina and uterus with muscular, plicate walls; well developed sphincter between vas deferens and ejaculatory duct; capitulate spicules with sloping ventral and angular dorsal walls; S3, S4 and S6 smaller than other supplements, S6 close to cloaca and 28-37 micropapillae. The relationships of the species of genus Brevitobrilus have been assessed using morphological characters subjected to parsimony and a non cladistic key to identification of species is given.     

A new species of Orobdella (Hirudinida, Arhynchobdellida, Orobdellidae) from Taipei, Taiwan

A new quadrannulate species of Orobdella, Orobdella ketagalansp. n., from Taipei, Taiwan, is described. This is the first record of Orobdella and the family Orobdellidae from Taiwan. This new species possesses small, paired sperm duct bulbs in the male reproductive system. In addition to these bulbs, the following combination of characters distinguishes this new species from other quadrannulate species: somite IV uniannulate, male gonopore at XI b6, female gonopore at XIII a1, 1/2 + 4 + 1/2 between gonopores, simple tubular gastroporal duct, lacking epididymides, and undeveloped atrial cornua. Phylogenetic analyses using nuclear 18S rDNA and histone H3 as well as mitochondrial COI, 12S rDNA, tRNA(Val), and 16S rDNA markers showed that Orobdella ketagalan is related to the two Ryukyu Archipelago species Orobdella dolichopharynx Nakano, 2011 and Orobdella shimadae Nakano, 2011.     

Steroid compounds from far Eastern starfishes Henricia aspera and H. tumida

Six new natural compounds were isolated from two Far Eastern starfish species, Henricia aspera and H. tumida, collected in the Sea of Okhotsk. Two new glycosylated steroid polyols were obtained from H. aspera: asperoside A and asperoside B, which were shown to be (20R,24R,25S)-3-O-(2,3-di-O-methyl-beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-24-methyl-5alpha-cholest-4-ene-3beta,6beta,8,15a,16beta,26-hexaol and (20R,24R,25S,22E)-3-O-(2,4-di-O-methyl-beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-24-methyl-5alpha-cholest-22-ene-3beta,4beta,6beta,8,15alpha,26-hexaol, respectively. Two other glycosylated polyols, tumidoside A, with the structure elucidated as (20R,22E)-3-O-(2,4-di-O-methyl-beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-26,27-di-nor-24-methyl-5alpha-cholest-22-ene-3beta,4beta,6beta,8,15alpha,25-hexaol, and tumidoside B, whose structure was elucidated as (20R,24S)-3-O-(2,3-di-O-methyl-beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-5alpha-cholestan-3beta,4beta,6beta,8,15alpha,24-hexaol, were isolated from the two starfish species. (20R,24S)-Salpha-Cholestan-3beta,6beta,15alpha,24-tetraol and (20R,24S)-5alpha-cholestan-3beta,6beta,8,15alpha,24-pentaol were identified only in H. tumida. The known monoglycosides henricioside H1 and laeviuscolosides H and G were also identified in both species.     

Two new species ofSilhouetted (Gobiidae) from northern Australia

Two new species of the tropical Indo-Pacific gobiid genusSilhouetted, S. evanida andS. hoesei, are described from Darwin and Queensland, and the Cobourg Peninsula, N.T., respectively.S. evanida occurs in pools on intertidal sand flats along beaches and sandy creek mouths, andS. hoesei more sublittorally at 5–6 m on silty sand. A key to western Pacific and Australian species is included.     

辽宁早白垩世会鸟一新种(英文)

记述了辽宁朝阳大平房早白垩世九佛堂组湖相地层中发现的会鸟化石一新种,窄脊会鸟(Sapeornis angustis sp.nov.)。尽管新种正型标本属于一亚成年个体,但除个体较小外,还在许多特征上很容易与属型种(朝阳会鸟)相区别。例如,不超过6枚荐椎,肱骨的三角脊和气窗均较细窄,三角脊远端的背突不显著尖锐,乌喙骨具有较长的肩峰突,叉骨枝较细,叉骨突较短,第一掌骨以及耻骨突均相对较短等。和始祖鸟以及其他已报道的会鸟标本一样,新种材料没有保存胸骨,肋骨上也未见钩状突起,推测这两种结构可能在个体发育的晚期才开始骨化,上述标本均为发育早中期的个体。会鸟新种的发现为这一基干的原始鸟类提供了新的解剖特征,并表明在会鸟的演化过程中存在个体的逐步增大以及一些形态特征的特化现象。这一新的发现还为分析早白垩世陆地生态系统的鸟类多样性增添了新的资料。