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1.
Synopsis To assess the genetic variation and population structure of wild chum salmon in China, we analyzed microsatellite loci for populations in the Amur, Wusuli, Suifen Current and the Tumen rivers. We evaluated expected heterozygosity with two estimators of genetic differentiation (FST and GST) and Nei’s standard genetic distance. The average expected heterozygosity across the 10 loci was 0.65 in the Wusuli River and the Suifen Current River, 0.64 in the Amur River and 0.66 in the Tumen River, The results of this study show that the recent declines in chum salmon have not led to low levels of genetic variability in China. The proportion of inter-population subdivision among chum salmon was between 5.7 and 6.8%. According to the estimator used, the NJ tree based on Nei’s standard genetic distance indicated that there were two different branches (the Sea of Okhotsk branch and the Sea of Japan branch), the Amur River and the Wusuli River populations were closer, while the Suifen Current River and the Tumen River clustered together. The genetic test for population bottlenecks provided no evidence for a significant genetic signature of population decline, which is consistent with the record of the four populations we have in the last few years. 相似文献
2.
Raghvendra Kumar Mishra Anil Kumar Swati Chaudhary Sushil Kumar 《Journal of genetics》2009,88(2):227-232
The multifoliate pinna (mfp) mutation alters the leaf-blade architecture of pea, such that simple tendril pinnae of distal domain are replaced by compound
pinna blades of tendrilled leaflets in mfp homozygotes. The MFP locus was mapped with reference to DNA markers using F2 and F2:5 RIL as mapping populations. Among 205 RAPD, 27 ISSR and 35 SSR markers that demonstrated polymorphism between the parents
of mapping populations, three RAPD markers were found linked to the MFP locus by bulk segregant analyses on mfp/mfp and MFP/MFP bulks assembled from the F2:5 population. The segregational analysis of mfp and 267 DNA markers on 96 F2 plants allowed placement of 26 DNA markers with reference to MFP on a linkage group. The existence of common markers on reference genetic maps and MFP linkage group developed here showed that MFP is located on linkage group IV of the consensus genetic map of pea. 相似文献
3.
Kouichi Kawamura Masashi Kubota Miki Furukawa Yasushi Harada 《Conservation Genetics》2007,8(5):1163-1176
The amago salmon, Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae, is an endemic subspecies of O. masou in Japan. Owing to the extensive stocking of hatchery fish throughout Japan, indigenous populations of O. m. ishikawae are now on the verge of extinction. We examined the genetic effects of stocking hatchery fish on wild populations in the
River Koza, Japan, using microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers. For mtDNA, haplotype mt1, which is common in
wild populations, was present exclusively in isolated wild populations assumed to be unaffected by previous stocking, while
it was never observed in hatchery fish. Genetic diversity was much higher in wild populations in the stocked area, which shared
many mtDNA haplotypes with hatchery fish, than in isolated wild populations with haplotype mt1. Pairwise F
ST estimates based on microsatellites showed significant differentiation among the isolated populations with many microsatellite
loci monomorphic. Significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was observed in wild populations in the area subject
to stocking, where a Bayesian-based assignment test showed a high level of introgression with hatchery fish. These results
suggest that wild populations with haplotype mt1, which became isolated through anthropogenic environmental change in the
1950–1960s, represent indigenous populations of O. m. ishikawae in the River Koza. They have low genetic diversity, most likely caused by genetic bottlenecks following damming and environmental
deterioration, while stocking of hatchery fish over the past 30 years apparently had a large impact on the genetic structure
of wild populations in the main channel of the River Koza. 相似文献
4.
There has been very little effort to understand genetic divergence between wild and hatchery populations of masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou). In this study, we used mitochondrial (mt) NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 gene (ND5) and six polymorphic nuclear microsatellite DNA loci to compare the genetic variability in three hatchery broodstocks of
masu salmon with the variability in eight putative wild masu populations sampled in five rivers including one known source
river for the hatchery broodstocks. Both ND5 and microsatellites showed no significant genetic divergence (based on FST estimates) between four annual collections from the source river population, suggesting no change in genetic diversity over
this time period. The FST estimates, an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), and a neighbor-joining tree using both DNA markers suggested significant
differentiation between the three hatchery and all eight putative wild populations. We conclude that genetic diversity of
hatchery populations are low relative to putative wild populations of masu salmon, and we discuss the implications for conservation
and fisheries management in Hokkaido. 相似文献
5.
E. A. Salmenkova V. T. Omel’chenko K. I. Afanas’ev G. A. Rubtsova 《Journal of Ichthyology》2008,48(4):313-325
The estimates of genetic diversity in populations of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta from different regions of Sakhalin Island, Iturup Island, and the Anadyr’ River were obtained on the basis of analysis of allozyme variability. These estimates together with our published earlier data on chum salmon from the Amur River basin and the rivers of the northern coast of the Sea of Okhotsk demonstrate pronounced regional genetic differentiation in the Asian part of the fish range. The intraregional level of interpopulation genetic diversity was maximum on Sakhalin Island (G ST = 6.6%) and was small on Iturup Island (G ST = 0.9%) and the northern coast of the Sea of Okhotsk (G ST = 0.6%). Interpopulation genetic diversity of Sakhalin chum salmon was almost commensurable to the diversity of the whole pool of studied Asian populations (G ST = 7.6%) and would be presented more completely in baselines assigned for genetic identification of mixed stocks. It was demonstrated that the character and degree of genetic differentiation between populations of chum salmon from the main hatcheries situated in different regions of the Sakhalin oblast and connected to one another by numerous transplantations of fertilized eggs did not change significantly during an approximately 20-year period of our observation, and this fact suggests low efficiency of such transplantations. 相似文献
6.
Most of our current understanding of comparative population structure has been come from studies of parasite–host systems,
whereas the genetic comparison of gallnut-aphids and their host-plants remain poorly documented. Here, we examined the population
genetic structure of the Chinese sumac aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis and its unique primary host-plant Rhus chinensis in a mountainous province in western China using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Despite being sampled from
a mountainous geographic range, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the majority of genetic variation occurred
among individuals within populations of both the aphid and its host. The aphid populations were found to be structured similarly
to their primary host populations (F
ST values were 0.239 for the aphid and 0.209 for its host), suggesting that there are similar patterns of gene flow between
the populations of the aphid and between populations of its host-plant. The genetic distances (F
ST/1 − F
ST) between the aphid populations and between its host-plant populations were uncorrelated, indicating that sites with genetically
similar host-plant populations may not always have genetically similar aphid populations. The lack of relationships between
genetic and geographical distance matrices suggested that isolation by distance (IBD) played a negligible role at this level.
This may be mainly attributed to the founder effect, genetic drift and the relative small spatial scale between populations.
Zhumei Ren and Bin Zhu contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
7.
Marjan Khalili Mahani Nobuyuki Inomata Alireza Saboori Baraldin Ebrahim Sayed Tabatabaei Hiroko Ishiyama Ardeshir Ariana Alfred E. Szmidt 《Experimental & applied acarology》2009,48(4):273-289
Allothrombium
pulvinum Ewing is a common natural enemy of aphids and some other arthropods. So far, there are no studies that have addressed genetic
variation of this predatory mite. We investigated genetic variation of A. pulvinum across its whole known range in Iran. A 410 bp portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (coxI) and 797–802 bp portion of the internal transcribed spacer 2 of rDNA (ITS2) were sequenced for 55 individuals from 11 populations, resulting in 12 and 26 haplotypes, respectively. In the coxI region, haplotype and nucleotide diversities varied among populations from 0.00 to 0.90 and from 0.0000 to 0.0110, respectively.
In the ITS2 region they varied from 0.20 to 0.91 and from 0.0006 to 0.0023, respectively. For both gene regions the highest haplotype
and nucleotide diversities were detected in population Mahmoud Abad from northern Iran. Statistically significant population
differentiation (F
ST) was detected in most pair-wise population comparisons. The results of population differentiation for both gene regions were
generally congruent indicating that A. pulvinum from Iran consists of genetically different populations. This suggests that A. pulvinum comprises at least two geographically distinct populations or even more than one species. This study is an initial step towards
understanding genetic variation of A. pulvinum, a taxon for which little molecular information is available. More intensive sampling and analysis of additional DNA regions
are necessary for more detailed classification of this taxon. 相似文献
8.
The genetic variability distribution of two mtDNA segments of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) (Walbaum, 1792) and Sakhalin taimen (Parahucho perryi) (Brevoort, 1856) was examined in populations of the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk. The values of haplotype and nucleotide variability in these species are, in general, of the same level. The dating of the divergence time of species haplotypes revealed four evolutionary periods in Sakhalin taimen and three in chum salmon. In the taimen, the first divergence time occurred approximately 430 thousand years (kyr) ago, the second 220 kyr ago, and the third 70 kyr ago. In the chum salmon, the first divergence time corresponds to 220 kyr; the second is approximately 100 kyr ago. In both species, the main portion of presently revealed haplotypes evolved over the past 50–10 kyr. Certain glacioeustatic sea level fluctuations influenced each stage of evolution history of species, contributing to their geographic isolation. Demographic population history research found that the initial stage of population growth in the taimen occurred at the time period of approximately 12 kyr ago and was apparently associated with the end of the Last Glacial Maximum. In the chum salmon, this period began somewhat earlier, 30–35 kyr ago; it has accelerated in the past 10–15 kyr. The last glaciation to a lesser extent impacted the demographics of chum salmon, probably due to the greater eurythermity and to the larger range of this species. 相似文献
9.
Xifeng Chen Jianwei Pan Jing Cheng Guanghuai Jiang Yang Jin Zhimin Gu Qian Qian Wenxue Zhai Bojun Ma 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2009,24(4):387-395
Spotted leaf 5 (spl5), a lesion mimic mutant, was first identified in rice (Oryza sativa L.) japonica cv. Norin8 in 1978. This mutant exhibits spontaneous disease-like lesions in the absence of any pathogens and resistance
to rice blast and bacterial blight; however, the target gene has not yet been isolated. In the present study, we employed
a map-based cloning strategy to finely map the spl5 gene. In an initial mapping with 100 F2 individuals (spl5/spl5) derived from a cross between the spl5 mutant and indica cv. 93-11, the spl5 gene was located in a 3.3-cM region on chromosome 7 using six simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In a high-resolution
genetic mapping, two F2 populations with 3,149 individuals (spl5/spl5) were derived from two crosses between spl5 mutant and two indica cvs. 93-11 and Zhefu802 and six sequence-tagged site (STS) markers were newly developed. Finally, the spl5 gene was mapped to a region of 0.048 cM between two markers SSR7 and RM7121. One BAC/PAC contig map covering these markers’
loci and the spl5 gene was constructed through Pairwise BLAST analysis. Our bioinformatics analysis shows that the spl5 gene is located in the 80-kb region between two markers SSR7 and RM7121 with a high average ratio of physical to genetic
distance (1.67 Mb/cM) and eighteen candidate genes. The analysis of these candidate genes indicates that the spl5 gene represents a novel class of regulators controlling cell death and resistance response in plants. 相似文献
10.
Runli He Zhijian Chang Zujun Yang Zongying Yuan Haixian Zhan Xiaojun Zhang Jianxia Liu 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,118(6):1173-1180
Powdery mildew resistance from Thinopyrum intermedium was introgressed into common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Genetic analysis of the F1, F2, F3 and BC1 populations from powdery mildew resistant line CH5025 revealed that resistance was controlled by a single dominant allele.
The gene responsible for powdery mildew resistance was mapped by the linkage analysis of a segregating F2 population. The resistance gene was linked to five co-dominant genomic SSR markers (Xcfd233, Xwmc41, Xbarc11, Xgwm539 and Xwmc175) and their most likely order was Xcfd233–Xwmc41–Pm43–Xbarc11–Xgwm539–Xwmc175 at 2.6, 2.3, 4.2, 3.5 and 7.0 cM, respectively. Using the Chinese Spring nullisomic-tetrasomic and ditelosomic lines, the
polymorphic markers and the resistance gene were assigned to chromosome 2DL. As no powdery mildew resistance gene was previously
assigned to chromosome 2DL, this new resistance gene was designated Pm43. Pm43, together with the identified closely linked markers, could be useful in marker-assisted selection for pyramiding powdery
mildew resistance genes.
Runli He and Zhijian Chang contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
11.
Shen Chen Zhanghui Huang Liexian Zeng Jianyuan Yang Qiongguang Liu Xiaoyuan Zhu 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2008,22(3):433-441
Bacterial blight (BB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is a devastating disease in rice worldwide. The resistance gene Xa7, which provides dominant resistance against the pathogen with avirulence (Avr) gene AvrXa7, has proved to be durably resistant to BB. A set of SSR markers were selected from the “gramene” database based on the Xa7 gene initial mapping region on chromosome 6. These markers were used to construct a high-resolution genetic map of the chromosomal
region surrounding the Xa7 gene. An F2 mapping population with 721 highly susceptible individuals derived from a cross between the near isogenic lines (NILs) IRBB7
and IR24 were constructed to localize the Xa7 gene. In a primary analysis with eleven polymorphic SSR markers, Xa7 was located in approximately the 0.28-cM region. To walk closer to the target gene, recombinant F2 individuals were tested using newly developed STMS (sequence tagged microsatellite) markers. Finally, the Xa7 gene was mapped to a 0.21-cM interval between the markers GDSSR02 and RM20593. The Xa7-linked markers were landed on the reference sequence of cv. Nipponbare through bioinformatics analysis. A contig map corresponding
to the Xa7 gene was constructed. The target gene was assumed to span an interval of approximately 118.5-kb which contained a total of
fourteen genes released by the TIGR Genome Annotation Version 5.0. Candidate-gene analysis of Xa7 revealed that the fourteen genes encode novel domains that have no amino acid sequence similar to other cloned Xa(xa) genes.
Shen Chen and Zhanghui Huang are contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
12.
Genetic variability of AFLP markers was studied in 20 populations of Siberian fir (Abies sibirica, Pinaceae) and in two populations of Far-Eastern species Manchurian fir A. nephrolepis and Sakhalin fir A. sachalinensis each. Four pairs of selective primers were used. In total, 168 samples from three fir species were genotyped for 117 polymorphic
loci. According to the AMOVA results, the variability proportion characterizing the differences among three Abies species was several times higher (F
CT = 0.53) than that acounting for population differences within the species (F
SC = 0.125). Differentiation of the A. sibirica populations based on AFLP markers exceeded 14% (F
ST = 0.141). Significant correlation between the genetic distances calculated from the AFLP data and the geographic distances
between populations was found. The results of AFLP variability analysis supported and supplemented the conclusions inferred
previously from allozyme and cpSSR data: several genetically similar geographic groups of Siberian fir were identified. These
groups differ both in allele frequencies and in the levels of genetic variation. 相似文献
13.
E. D. Özsoy 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2007,43(2):132-135
Small number of Drosophila melanogaster populations from two distinct geographical regions of Turkey, Central Anatolia and Black Sea, were studied. Populations sampled
were electrophoresed for a single locus, alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) to assess population differentiation. Both the magnitude of genetic differentiation levels and the population structure
based on hierarchical F-statistics allow populations to be grouped on two genetically divergent area, Central Anatolian and Black Sea. One ecological
correlate, average yearly maximum rainfall, R
year, seems to track this Adh genetic variation pattern. The study also shows that a typical pattern of geographical Adh polymorphism can emerge with a handfull of populations sampled across a relatively small distance.
The text was submitted by the author in English. 相似文献
14.
Xie W Ben-David R Zeng B Distelfeld A Röder MS Dinoor A Fahima T 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,124(5):911-922
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) is one of the most important wheat diseases worldwide. Wild emmer wheat, Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, the tetraploid ancestor (AABB) of domesticated bread and durum wheat, harbors many important alleles for resistance to various
diseases, including powdery mildew. In the current study, two tetraploid wheat mapping populations, derived from a cross between
durum wheat (cv. Langdon) and wild emmer wheat (accession G-305-3M), were used to identify and map a novel powdery mildew
resistance gene. Wild emmer accession G-305-3M was resistant to all 47 Bgt isolates tested, from Israel and Switzerland. Segregation ratios of F2 progenies and F6 recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping populations, in their reactions to inoculation with Bgt, revealed a Mendelian pattern (3:1 and 1:1, respectively), indicating the role of a single dominant gene derived from T. dicoccoides accession G-305-3M. This gene, temporarily designated PmG3M, was mapped on chromosome 6BL and physically assigned to chromosome deletion bin 6BL-0.70-1.00. The F2 mapping population was used to construct a genetic map of the PmG3M gene region consisted of six simple sequence repeats (SSR), 11 resistance gene analog (RGA), and two target region amplification
polymorphism (TRAP) markers. A second map, constructed based on the F6 RIL population, using a set of skeleton SSR markers, confirmed the order of loci and distances obtained for the F2 population. The discovery and mapping of this novel powdery mildew resistance gene emphasize the importance of the wild emmer
wheat gene pool as a source for crop improvement. 相似文献
15.
Xu J Wang B Wu Y Du P Wang J Wang M Yi C Gu M Liang G 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,122(2):365-372
Photoperiod-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) rice exhibits a number of desirable traits for hybrid rice production.
The cloning genes responsible for PTGMS and those elucidating male sterility mechanisms and reversibility to fertility would
be of great significance to provide a foundation to develop new male sterile lines. Guangzhan63S, a PTGMS line, is one of
the most widely used indica two-line hybrid rice breeding systems in China. In this study, genetic analysis based on F2 and BC1F2 populations derived from a cross between Guangzhan63S and 1587, determined a single recessive gene controls male sterility
in Guangzhan63S. Molecular marker techniques combined with bulked-segregant analysis (BSA) were used and located the target
gene (named ptgms2-1) between two SSR markers RM12521 and RM12823. Fine mapping of the ptgms2-1 locus was conducted with 45 new Insertion–Deletion (InDel) markers developed between the RM12521 and RM12823 region, using
634 sterile individuals from F2 and BC1F2 populations. Ptgms2-1 was further mapped to a 50.4 kb DNA fragment between two InDel markers, S2-40 and S2-44, with genetic distances of 0.08 and
0.16 cM, respectively, which cosegregated with S2-43 located on the AP004039 BAC clone. Ten genes were identified in this
region based on annotation results from the RiceGAAS system. A nuclear ribonuclease Z gene was identified as the candidate
for the ptgms2-1 gene. This result will facilitate cloning the ptgms2-1 gene. The tightly linked markers for the ptgms2-1 gene locus will further provide a useful tool for marker-assisted selection of this gene in rice breeding programs. 相似文献
16.
O. M. Fedorenko M. V. Gritskikh I. E. Malysheva T. S. Nikolaevskaya 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2009,45(9):1134-1138
In natural populations of Festuca pratensis Huds. from the islands of Onega Lake, the level of genetic diversity was evaluated. In three populations variability of 64
RAPD loci was tested. The level of genetic diversity (P
95% = 30.2; H
exp = 0.093) was low for a cross-pollinating plant species. Furthermore, genetic similarity between the plants from insular populations
was found to be high (I
N = 0.887). It was demonstrated that genetic variation among the population accounted for at most 5.3% of total genetic diversity,
which, however, was higher than the F
ST values for continental populations (F
ST = 0.022). It was suggested that specific features of the genetic structure of insular population, i.e., low gene diversity
within the populations along with high differentiation among the populations, were caused by the gene flow attenuation, as
a result of isolation, and intensification of inbreeding. These features had negative effect on total population adaptation. 相似文献
17.
Ayala-Navarrete L Bariana HS Singh RP Gibson JM Mechanicos AA Larkin PJ 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,116(1):63-75
Rusts and barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) are among the main diseases affecting wheat production world wide for which wild
relatives have been the source of a number of translocations carrying resistance genes. Nevertheless, along with desirable
traits, alien translocations often carry deleterious genes. We have generated recombinants in a bread wheat background between
two alien translocations: TC5, ex-Thinopyrum (Th) intermedium, carrying BYDV resistance gene Bdv2; and T4m, ex-Th. ponticum, carrying rust resistance genes Lr19 and Sr25. Because both these translocations are on the wheat chromosome arm 7DL, homoeologous recombination was attempted in the double
hemizygote (TC5/T4m) in a background homozygous for the ph1b mutation. The identification of recombinants was facilitated by the use of newly developed molecular markers for each of the
alien genomes represented in the two translocations and by studying derived F2, F3 and doubled haploid populations. The occurrence of recombination was confirmed with molecular markers and bioassays on families
of testcrosses between putative recombinants and bread wheat, and in F2 populations derived from the testcrosses. As a consequence it has been possible to derive a genetic map of markers and resistance
genes on these previously fixed alien linkage blocks. We have obtained fertile progeny carrying new tri-genomic recombinant
chromosomes. Furthermore we have demonstrated that some of the recombinants carried resistance genes Lr19 and Bdv2 yet lacked the self-elimination trait associated with shortened T4 segments. We have also shown that the recombinant translocations
are fixed and stable once removed from the influence of the ph1b. The molecular markers developed in this study will facilitate selection of individuals carrying recombinant Th. intermedium–Th. ponticum translocations (Pontin series) in breeding programs.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
18.
A. Jordán-Pla E. Estrelles M. Boscaiu P. Soriano O. Vicente I. Mateu-Andrés 《Biologia Plantarum》2009,53(2):317-320
The genetic variability of Leucojum valentinum Pau (Amaryllidaceae), a vulnerable endemic species restricted to a small area in the region of Valencia (Eastern Spain), has been studied using
random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 197 individuals from eleven populations were studied using 13
RAPD primers. Our results show high variability for the species, low differentiation among populations and uncorrelated levels
of genetic variability and population size. Four groups in which three populations (SAG, PUG and COL) are separated from all
the others were found, but without connection to geographical location. 相似文献
19.
Qiang Fan Sufang Chen Renchao Zhou Xu Xiang Wenbo Liao Suhua Shi 《Conservation Genetics》2011,12(3):753-760
Understanding the amount and distribution of genetic diversity in natural populations can inform the conservation strategy
for the species in question. In this study, genetic variation at eight nuclear microsatellite loci was used to investigate
genetic diversity and population structure of wild litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn. subsp. chinensis). Totally 215 individuals were sampled, representing nine populations of wild litchi. All eight loci were polymorphic, with
a total of 51 alleles. The expected heterozygosity in the nine populations ranged from 0.367 to 0.638 with an average value
of 0.526. Inbreeding within wild litchi populations was indicated by a strong heterozygote defect. Significant bottleneck
events were detected in the populations from Yunnan and Vietnam, which could be responsible for lower levels of genetic diversity
in these populations. Measures of genetic differentiation (F
ST = 0.269) indicated strong differentiation among wild litchi populations. Significant correlation was found between genetic
differentiation and geographical distance (r = 0.655, P = 0.002), indicating a strong isolation by distance in these populations. Bayesian clustering suggested genetic separation
among three regional groups, namely, the western group, the central group and the eastern group. Some conservation strategies
for wild litchi populations were also proposed based on our results. 相似文献
20.
Manli Li Nana Yuyama Mariko Hirata Yunwen Wang Jianguo Han Hongwei Cai 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2010,26(3):467-476
Japanese lawngrass (Zoysia japonica) and Manila grass (Z. matrella) are the two most important and commonly used Zoysia species. A consensus based SSR linkage map was developed for the genus by combining maps from each species. This used previously
constructed maps for two Z. japonica populations and a new map from Z. matrella. The new SSR linkage map for Z. matrella was based on 86 F2 individuals and contained 213 loci and covered a map distance of 1,351.2 cM in 32 linkage groups. Comparison of the three
linkage maps constructed from populations with different genetic backgrounds indicated that most markers exhibited a consensus
order, although some intervals or regions displayed discrepancy in marker orders or positions. The integrated map comprises
507 loci with a mean interval of 4.1 cM, covering a map distance of 2,066.6 cM in 22 linkage groups. The SSR-based map will
allow marker-assisted selection and be useful for the mapping and cloning of economically important genes or quantitative
trait loci. 相似文献