血清硫氧还蛋白1与脑外伤患者的白质恢复的相关性分析

为探讨血清硫氧还蛋白1 (thioredoxin 1, Trx1)含量与脑外伤后白质恢复的相关性关系,本研究选取60例脑外伤患者,根据格拉斯哥昏迷指数(Glasgow coma scale, GCS)将患者分为3组(轻度,中度和重度脑外伤患者),每组20例,采用核磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging, MRI)检测各组患者头颅白质情况,并通过ELISA方法检测各组患者血清Trx1水平,最后利用SPSS软件Pearson方法检测血清硫氧还蛋白1含量与脑外伤后白质恢复的相关性。结果显示,轻度脑损伤患者的GCS分值明显高于中度和重度脑外伤患者;轻度脑外伤患者的Trx1含量明显高于中度和重度患者;轻度和中度脑外伤患者的白质恢复情况明显优于重度患者;脑损伤患者的血清Trx1含量和白质恢复程度呈正相关。本研究初步结论表明脑外伤患者的白质恢复情况与血清Trx1存在正相关性关系,这将为脑外伤的治疗提供新思路。     

脑胶质瘤患者血清MBP、LAR、AGR与术后脑损伤和预后的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨脑胶质瘤患者血清髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）与白蛋白（ALB）比值（LAR）、ALB与球蛋白（GLB）比值（AGR）与术后脑损伤和预后的关系研究。方法：选取2017年1月～2019年6月徐州医科大学附属医院神经外科收治的90例接受手术治疗的脑胶质瘤患者,根据术后格拉斯哥昏迷量表（GCS）评分分为轻度脑损伤组51例、中度脑损伤组24例、重度脑损伤组15例,随访3年根据预后情况分为死亡组和存活组。收集患者临床资料,检测术前血清MBP、LAR、AGR。采用Spearman相关性分析脑胶质瘤患者GCS评分与血清MBP、LAR、AGR的相关性,多因素logistic回归分析脑胶质瘤患者死亡的影响因素。结果：轻度、中度、重度脑损伤组血清MBP、LAR依次升高,AGR依次降低（P＜0.05）。Spearman相关性分析显示,脑胶质瘤患者术后GCS评分与血清MBP、LAR呈负相关,与AGR呈正相关（P均＜0.05）。随访3年,90例脑胶质瘤患者死亡率为35.56%（32/90）。多因素logistic回归分析显示,世界卫生组织（WHO）分级Ⅲ级、切除范围不完全、术后GCS评分降低和MBP、LAR升高为脑胶质瘤患者死亡的独立危险因素,AGR升高为其独立保护因素（P＜0.05）。结论：胶质瘤患者血清MBP、LAR、AGR与术后脑损伤和预后不良密切相关,可能成为胶质瘤患者术后脑损伤和预后评估指标。     

弥漫性轴索损伤患者血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)患者血清髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的表达及临床意义。方法:选取2015年12月-2018年1月我院神经外科收治的DAI患者90例作为观察组,另选取在我院体检的健康志愿者30例作为对照组,并根据格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)将观察组患者分为重度组(42例)、中度组(30例)、轻度组(18例)。对比观察组和对照组血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平,比较观察组患者不同严重程度、伤后不同时间血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平。结果:观察组患者血清中的MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平显著高于对照组(P0.05)。重度组患者血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平显著高于中度组和轻度组,且中度组显著高于轻度组(P0.05)。伤后不同时间观察组患者血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平整体比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);其中MBP水平在伤后前期到伤后3d持续升高(P0.05);IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α水平在伤后前期到伤后2d持续升高,在伤后3d呈下降趋势(P0.05)。结论:DAI患者血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平偏高,临床通过检测这四种血清指标水平,有助于评估患者的病情。     

p53基因多态性和脑外伤预后及临床意义

目的:研究颅脑外伤患者中P53等位基因与基因型的频率分布,探讨其与脑损伤预后的关联性,为脑损伤患者预后提供部分参数依据.方法:选择各型颅脑损伤患者141例,正常对照者144人,患者按GCS格拉斯哥评分法进行分类;采用PCR基因型检测法检测P53等位基因,基因计数法计算等位基因频率;统计学分析等位基因和基因型在脑外伤组与正常对照组、预后良好组与预后不良组的频率分布的差异,并综合分析患者年龄、性别、GCS以及P53各等位基因等因素对脑外伤患者预后的影响.结果:在颅脑外伤患者和正常对照者中P53等位基因和基因型的频率分布,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);等位基因Arg相对于Pro的OR为1.140,基因型Arg/Pro、Arg/Arg相对于Pro/Pro的OR分别为0.890和1.170.在重型脑外伤患者(3≤GCS≤8分)86例中,预后良好31例,预后不良55例,基因型对预后不良的影响:非Pro/Pro相对于Pro/Pro的OR为0417,非Arg/Pro相对于Arg/Pro的OR为0.419,非Arg/Arg相对于Arg/Arg的OR为3.667.在所有脑外伤患者中,预后良好组和预后不良组的患者年龄、性别差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);GCS、P53等位基因差异具有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:在重型颅脑患者中,基因型Arg/Arg有增加预后不良的风险;脑外伤预后与患者的年龄、性别无关联,与GCS、P53基因密切相关.     

Neuritin在大鼠脑外伤合并骨折过程中的作用研究

目的:研究脑外伤合并股骨骨折的骨痂中Neuritin的表达及血清中变化,探讨中枢神经系统损伤加速对骨折愈合的作用,为临床难治性骨创伤提供新的理论依据。方法:取96只雄性SD大鼠随机分成:A组正常组8只、B组单纯骨折组40只、C组单纯脑外伤组8只及D组骨折合并脑外伤组40只,做股骨骨折和采用脑损伤液压装置建脑损伤模型,术后3、7、14、21、28天取血离心,ELISA法测血清中的Neuritin值。分时间处死B组和D组,取骨痂做切片,行免疫组织化学染色,观测各时间点骨痂中Neuritin的变化和骨折愈合情况。结果:①免疫组织化学染色:骨折愈合过程中血管内皮细胞、软骨细胞及成骨细胞的胞浆中有阳性表达,并显色强。D组1w至3w时的Neuritin阳性细胞百分数均高于B组有显著性统计意义(P<0.05),但4周时(P>0.05)。②血清浓度值:A组值(81.37±1.37),B组、C组、D组3天(94.94±3.77 107.28±3.46 118.35±1.43)逐渐升高,2周达到高峰(110.18±1.48131.89±3.26 161.48±1.46),然后下降,3d至3w时各组有显著性统计意义(P<0.05),4周下降为略高于正常(P>0.05)结论:血清和骨痂中Neuritin的表达显著升高,提示Neuritin可能是大鼠股骨骨折合并脑损伤时促进骨折修复的重要因素一     

NGF 与Neuritin 在脑外伤伴四肢骨折病人血清中的表达及意义

目的:通过检测脑外伤患者、脑外伤合并骨折患者、骨折患者及正常人外周血中NGF,neuritin不同时间段的表达,根据其含量的变化,判断与骨折愈合速度的相关性,寻找骨折愈合的关键因子。方法:收集单纯脑外伤、单纯骨折患者各80例、脑外伤合并骨折患者60例、健康体检人群20例。选取外伤后3天、10天、2周抽取所有实验对象的静脉血,应用ELISA技术测定标本中NGF与Neuritin的含量。结果:损伤后每个时间段里,患者血清中NGF、neuritin含量有不同程度升高,均高于正常对照组,其中又以脑外伤合并骨折组最高。血清NGF在骨折合并脑外伤组伤后第3天含量明显升高,为(0.86±0.21),伤后10天为(1.47±0.29),14天为(2.0 7±0.21),脑外伤合并四肢骨折组neuritin血清含量在伤后第3天略有升高为(83.47±18.85),10天(108.50±31.65),2周(91.86±21.12).脑外伤合并骨折病人血清NGF、neuritin表达明显高于其他对照组,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:脑外伤合并骨折病人血清NGF、neuritin表达明显高于其他对照组,说明与骨折愈合有着密切的相关性,两种因子可能在骨折愈合修复过程中共同起作用,从而,推测可能是脑外伤后骨折愈合加速的重要因素。     

C 反应蛋白检测在急性脑梗死患者中的临床应用价值分析

目的:探讨血清中C反应蛋白在急性脑梗死患者中的临床应用价值。方法:选择2010年4月至2011年4月间,我院收治的急性脑梗死(ACI)患者87例,以同时期的62名健康体检者为对照,分析ACI患者发病后1、3、7、14、28天血清C反应蛋白(CRP)水平与正常对照组的差别。以血清CRP≥12mg/L作为A组,CRP<12mg/L作为B组,分析两组的病情和预后。结果:ACI患者发病后血清CRP浓度随时间推移先升高后降低,在第3d时达到最大值;各时段均高于对照组(P>0.05);A组的病情严重程度高于B组,预后较B组差。结论:CRP在ACI患者血清中显著升高且呈动态性变化;血清CRP≥12mg/L者,病情较重、预后较差。     

急性胆源性胰腺炎患者hs-CRP及PCT的表达及意义

目的:探讨血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和降钙素原(PCT)在急性胆源性胰腺炎(ABP)患者中的表达及意义。方法:选择本院2015年4月-2015年12月收治的56例ABP患者,根据疾病严重程度分为轻症ABP(MABP组)38例及重症ABP(SABP组)18例,根据患者预后分为存活组52例和死亡组4例,另选42例单纯胆囊结石症患者作为对照组。分别于入院第1、3、7 d检测所有患者血清中hs-CRP和PCT水平,对患者进行改良Ranson评分、急性生理及慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评价,分析血清hs-CRP及PCT水平与两评分的相关性。结果:入院后三组血清hs-CRP、PCT逐渐升高,第3 d到达峰值,随后逐渐下降,但第7 d时仍较第1 d高(P0.05),与对照组相比,MABP组、SABP组患者血清中hs-CRP、PCT水平明显升高,且SABP组患者血清hs-CRP、PCT水平显著高于MABP组(P0.05);存活组患者血清hs-CRP、PCT水平较死亡组明显较低(P0.05);患者血清hs-CRP、PCT水平改变与改良Ranson评分及APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:ABP患者血清hs-CRP和PCT水平呈高表达,检测两指标可评价患者病情严重程度、预测患者预后情况。     

醒脑静联合纳洛酮治疗脑出血昏迷患者的疗效及对MBP、NSE的影响

为探讨醒脑静、纳洛酮联合治疗脑出血昏迷患者的疗效及对血清髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)、血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平的影响,本研究选取2015年2月至2017年2月本院收治的脑出血昏迷患者88例,根据治疗方法不同,随机分为对照组和观察组。对照组患者采用常规治疗并联合纳洛酮的治疗方式,观察组在对照组基础上联合醒脑静治疗,分析两组患者治疗后临床疗效。结果显示:治疗前,两组患者GCS评分、NIHSS评分、脑血肿量均无明显差异(p0.05)。在治疗7 d、14 d后,与对照组比较,观察组患者GCS评分明显升高,NIHSS评分则明显降低,脑血肿量也明显减少(p0.05)。治疗前,两组患者MBP、NSE、HMGB-1及GFAP水平比较无统计学差异(p0.05)。治疗14 d后,观察组患者MBP、NSE、HMGB-1及GFAP水平均低于对照组(p0.05)。本研究表明醒脑静、纳洛酮联合治疗脑出血昏迷患者具有显著疗效,可改善患者的意识障碍,通过降低患者血清中MBP、NSE、HMGB-1和GFAP水平,减轻神经损伤,促进神经功能的恢复。     

神经生长因子治疗急性颅脑损伤的效果及对患者神经功能的影响

目的:研究神经生长因子在急性颅脑损伤中的治疗效果及对神经功能的影响。方法:选取2014年8月至2015年7月本院收治的82例急性颅脑损伤患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组41例。对照组采取常规对症治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用神经生长因子治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后血清S100β,白介素-6(IL-6),髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)及神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平的变化情况以及临床疗效。结果:观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后血清S100β及IL-6水平均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,观察组患者治疗后血清S100β及IL-6水平较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后血清MBP及NSE水平均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,观察组患者治疗后血清MBP及NSE水平较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:神经生长因子治疗急性颅脑损伤的效果显著,能够改善患者免疫功能和神经功能,值得临床推广应用。     

Changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity in chicken tissues in hyperthyreosis in ontogenesis

The lactate dehydrogenase activity in reactions of lactate oxidation and synthesis was studied in subfractions of the chicken brain, heart and liver at the embryonal, early postembryonal and adult stages of development after thyroxine administration. It has been shown that during embryogenesis thyroxine predominantly enhanced the rate of lactate oxidation in the mitochondrial tissues. A marked increase in the lactate synthesis was found in cytoplasm of the adult chicken tissues. Specificity of enzyme activity alterations was detected in the chicken brain during ontogenesis after thyroxine administration.     

Scurvy in capybaras bred in captivity in Argentine

In order to determine if the absence of vitamin C in the diet of capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) causes scurvy, a group of seven young individuals were fed food pellets without ascorbic acid, while another group of eight individuals received the same food with 1 g of ascorbic acid per animal per day. Animals in the first group developed signs of scurvy-like gingivitis, breaking of the incisors and death of one animal. Clinical signs appeared between 25 and 104 days from the beginning of the trial in all individuals. Growth rates of individuals deprived of vitamin C was considerably less than those observed in the control group. Deficiency of ascorbic acid had a severe effect on reproduction of another population of captive capybaras. We found that the decrease in ascorbic acid content in the diet affected pregnancy, especially during the first stages. The results obtained suggest that it is necessary to supply a suitable quantity of vitamin C in the diet of this species in captivity.     

Role for dopamine in malonate-induced damage in vivo in striatum and in vitro in mesencephalic cultures

Defects in mitochondrial energy metabolism have been implicated in the pathology of several neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the reactive metabolites generated from the metabolism and oxidation of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) are thought to contribute to the damage to neurons of the basal ganglia. We have previously demonstrated that infusions of the metabolic inhibitor malonate into the striata of mice or rats produce degeneration of DA nerve terminals. In the present studies, we demonstrate that an intrastriatal infusion of malonate induces a substantial increase in DA efflux in awake, behaving mice as measured by in vivo microdialysis. Furthermore, pretreatment of mice with tetrabenazine (TBZ) or the TBZ analogue Ro 4-1284 (Ro-4), compounds that reversibly inhibit the vesicular storage of DA, attenuates the malonate-induced DA efflux as well as the damage to DA nerve terminals. Consistent with these findings, the damage to both DA and GABA neurons in mesencephalic cultures by malonate exposure was attenuated by pretreatment with TBZ or Ro-4. Treatment with these compounds did not affect the formation of free radicals or the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation resulting from malonate exposure alone. Our data suggest that DA plays an important role in the neurotoxicity produced by malonate. These findings provide direct evidence that inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase causes an increase in extracellular DA levels and indicate that bioenergetic defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic neurodegenerative diseases through a mechanism involving DA.     

SSTR5 ablation in islet results in alterations in glucose homeostasis in mice

Somatostatin (SST) peptide is a potent inhibitor of insulin secretion and its effect is mediated via somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) in the endocrine pancreas. To investigate the consequences of gene ablation of SSTR5 in the mouse pancreas, we have generated a mouse model in which the SSTR5 gene was specifically knocked down in the pancreatic beta cells (betaSSTR5Kd) using the Cre-lox system. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that SSTR5 gene expression was absent in beta cells at three months of age. At the time of gene ablation, betaSSTR5Kd mice demonstrated glucose intolerance with lack of insulin response and significantly reduced serum insulin levels. Insulin tolerance test demonstrated a significant increase of insulin clearance in vivo at the same age. In vitro studies demonstrated an absence of response to SST-28 stimulation in the betaSSTR5Kd mouse islet, which was associated with a significantly reduced SST expression level in betaSSTR5Kd mice pancreata. In addition, betaSSTR5Kd mice had significantly reduced serum glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels at 12 months of age. Glucose tolerance test at an older age also indicated a persistently higher insulin level in betaSSTR5Kd mice. Further studies of betaSSTR5Kd mice had revealed elevated serum C-peptide levels at both 3 and 12 months of age, suggesting that these mice are capable of producing and releasing insulin to the periphery. These results support the hypothesis that SSTR5 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of insulin secretion in the mouse pancreas.