心肌坏死标志物联合检测对急性心肌梗死早期诊断及鉴别的价值

目的:探讨心肌坏死标志物联合检测在急性心肌梗死早期诊断及鉴别中的意义。方法:选取2010年12月至2013年5月我院收治的90例患者,45例确诊急性心肌梗死患者为观察组,其余45例非急性心肌梗死患者为对照组。分别采集两组患者静脉血4 m L用于检验。采用免疫抑制法测定患者血清中肌酸激酶(CK)和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)含量,采用电化学发光法检测肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)和肌红蛋白(MYO)含量。观察并比较不同时间点两组患者血清中CK、CK-MB、c TnⅠ及MYO含量的变化情况。结果:与对照组比较,观察组的血清CK、CK-MB、c TnⅠ及MYO的含量明显升高,其中CK及MYO升高最为显著,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。CK、CK-MB在发病3~6 h后快速升高,24 h达高峰;c TnⅠ前24 h与CK-MB同步,但维持时间较长;MYO在发病后1~2 h发生异常,12 h达峰值(P0.05)。结论:心肌坏死标志物联合检测可提高急性心肌梗死的检出率,有助于疾病的及时发现、诊断和治疗。     

比索洛尔联合丹红注射液治疗老年心肌缺血的临床疗效

目的:探讨比索洛尔联合丹红注射液对老年心肌缺血患者血清肌钙蛋白、心肌酶水平及临床疗效的影响。方法:收集我院收治的老年心肌缺血患者58例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各29例。所有患者均给予调脂、抗血小板和抗心肌缺血等基础治疗。对照组患者给予丹红注射液静脉滴注,观察组在对照组基础上给予比索洛尔治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后的心肌酶(CK、CK-MB、AST、LDH)、血清肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平及临床疗效。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后心肌酶(CK、CK-MB、AST、LDH)、血清肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平降低(P0.05);与对照组比较,观察组患者心肌酶(CK、CK-MB、AST、LDH)、血清肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平较低(P0.05),临床总有效率较高(P0.05)。结论:比索洛尔联合丹红注射液对老年心肌缺血有较好的临床疗效。     

经血栓抽吸导管应用替罗非班及硝普钠对急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊PCI治疗效果的影响

目的:探讨经血栓抽吸导管应用替罗非班及硝普钠对急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗效果的影响。方法:选取2013年5月～2018年5月期间我院收治的急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者80例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(n=40,血栓抽吸术后行PCI治疗)和研究组(n=40,血栓抽吸术后,经导管注入替罗非班及硝普钠后再行PCI治疗),比较两组患者心电图ST段回落变化、心肌梗死溶栓治疗(TIMI)血流分级情况、心功能指标及不良心血管事件发生率。结果:研究组完全回落发生率高于对照组(P0.05);两组部分回落、无回落发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组PCI术后TIMI血流分级为3级的例数少于研究组(P0.05)。两组患者术后7 d左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05);左室射血分数(LVEF)升高,且研究组高于对照组(P0.05)。术后6个月内研究组不良心血管事件总发生率为7.50%(3/40),低于对照组的25.00%(10/40)(P0.05)。结论:急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者经血栓抽吸导管应用替罗非班及硝普钠后行PCI,可提高心功能、心肌灌注状态及心电图ST段完全回落率,并减少不良心血管事件的发生率。     

高负荷剂量氯吡格雷联合替罗非班在非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合 征患者经皮冠状动脉介入中的应用

目的：探讨高负荷剂量氯吡格雷联合替罗非班在高危非ST 段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征（acute coronary syndrome,ACS） 患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）中的作用及安全性。方法：入选208 例高危非ST 段抬高型 ACS患者,根据PCI术前氯吡格雷负荷量不同,随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组：112 例,以氯吡格雷300 mg+ 替罗非班(用法同 观察组)治疗,观察组：96例,以氯吡格雷600 mg +替罗非班0.4 滋g/(kg·min)在30 min 内静脉注射。继以0.1 g/(kg·min)由微量泵 静脉持续泵入至手术后36 h,分别测定两组最大血小板聚集率(MPAR)变化、PCI 术后TIMI心肌灌注分级(TMPG);随访住院期间 和30 d内不良心血管事件和出血事件。结果：两组临床情况、PCI前负荷剂量氯吡格雷给药时间、支架置入数目比较差异无统计 学意义(P>0.05);用药后2 h、6 h、术后24 h两组MPAR均较用药前明显降低(P<0.05);用药后6 h两组MPAR 均低于用药后2 h (P<0.05);用药后2 h时观察组MPAR 低于对照组(P<0.05)。PCI术后TMPG 3级获得率观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);30 d内复合心 血管事件发生率、出血并发症两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：PCI术前负荷氯吡格雷600 mg可以更有效、更迅速地 抑制患者的MPAR,联合应用替罗非班时仍可改善心肌灌注,且安全可行。     

高负荷剂量氯吡格雷联合替罗非班在非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者经皮冠状动脉介入中的应用

目的：探讨高负荷剂量氯吡格雷联合替罗非班在高危非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征（acute coronarysyndrome,ACS）患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）中的作用及安全性。方法：入选208例高危非ST段抬高型ACS患者,根据PCI术前氯吡格雷负荷量不同,随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组：112例,以氯吡格雷300 mg＋替罗非班（用法同观察组）治疗,观察组：96例,以氯吡格雷600 mg＋替罗非班0.4μg/（kg·min）在30 min内静脉注射。继以0.1 g/（kg·min）由微量泵静脉持续泵入至手术后36 h,分别测定两组最大血小板聚集率（MPAR）变化、PCI术后TIMI心肌灌注分级（TMPG）;随访住院期间和30 d内不良心血管事件和出血事件。结果：两组临床情况、PCI前负荷剂量氯吡格雷给药时间、支架置入数目比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;用药后2 h、6 h、术后24 h两组MPAR均较用药前明显降低（P〈0.05）;用药后6 h两组MPAR均低于用药后2 h（P〈0.05）;用药后2 h时观察组MPAR低于对照组（P〈0.05）。PCI术后TMPG 3级获得率观察组高于对照组（P〈0.05）;30 d内复合心血管事件发生率、出血并发症两组比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：PCI术前负荷氯吡格雷600 mg可以更有效、更迅速地抑制患者的MPAR,联合应用替罗非班时仍可改善心肌灌注,且安全可行。     

替罗非班联合尼可地尔对急诊PCI患者心功能和短期预后的影响

目的:探讨急诊PCI患者在联合使用替罗非班和尼可地尔后对心功能和短期预后的影响。方法:入选98例接受急诊PCI的AMI患者随机分为对照组(n=49)和联合治疗组(n=49)。对照组单纯给予替罗非班治疗,联合治疗组在对照组基础上给予尼可地尔5 mg tid口服治疗。观察记录两组患者治疗8周前后LVEF、NT-pro BNP水平,并随访MACE事件发生情况。结果:两组患者在治疗前LVEF及NT-pro BNP水平比较没有统计学差异(P0.05)。在治疗8周后联合治疗组和对照组LVEF及NT-pro BNP水平均较治疗前水平明显改善(P0.05)。治疗8周后联合治疗组患者LVEF及NT-pro BNP水平明显优于对照组患者(P0.05)。经过8周的治疗,联合治疗组再次发生心绞痛事件(6.12%VS 24.49%,P=0.025)、恶性心律失常(2.04%VS 16.33%,P=0.036)和心力衰竭事件(2.04%VS 18.37%,P=0.020)明显低于对照组。结论:替罗非班联合尼可地尔可进一步改善急诊PCI患者心功能及短期预后,值得临床推广。     

术前负荷剂量阿托伐他汀对STEMI急诊PCI患者的Hs-CRP、BNP水平及心功能影响

目的:研究手术前负荷剂量阿托伐他汀对ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)急诊经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)患者的高敏C反应蛋白(Hs-CRP)、血浆脑钠肽(BNP)水平及心功能的影响。方法:选取我院2014年9月到2016年4月间收治的ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者96例,均行急诊经冠状动脉介入术(PCI),采用随机数字法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各48例。观察组患者术前口服阿托伐他汀80 mg,术后口服阿托伐他汀40 mg/d;对照组患者仅术后口服阿托伐他汀40 mg/d。比较两组患者术后灌注情况、血清高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、B型脑钠肽(BNP)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)、肌酸磷化脢-同功脢(CK-MB)和肌钙蛋白(c Tn I)水平的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组的ST段回落率、TIMI血流分级(CTFC)、TIMI3级和TMP3级比例均明显高于对照组(P0.01),血清hs-CRP、BNP及MMP-9水平、血清CK-MB和c Tn I峰值及持续时间均明显低于对照组(P0.01)。结论:PCI术前给予80mg阿托伐他汀对STEMI患者的疗效显著,可提高心肌血流灌注恢复质量,抑制炎症反应,改善心室收缩功能,且安全性高。     

急性非ST 段抬高性心肌梗死患者血清尿酸水平与N末端B 型钠尿肽原的相关性分析

目的:探讨急性非ST段抬高性心肌梗死(NSTEMI)患者血清尿酸水平与N末端B型钠尿肽原(NT-pro BNP)的相关性分析。方法:将143例NSTEMI患者按照入院时血清尿酸四分位数分为四组:Ⅰ组(尿酸284.18μmol/L)、Ⅱ组(284.19~336.53μmol/L),Ⅲ组(336.54~390.78μmol/L),Ⅳ(尿酸390.79μmol/L);按照血清NT-pro BNP中位数分为2组:NT-pro BNP571.56 pg/m L组和NT-pro BNP≥571.56 pg/m L组;比较各组相关指标的差异。结果:Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组及Ⅳ组四组的NT-pro BNP、GRACE危险评分、CK-MB、LEVF、c Tn I比较统计学差异(P0.05),Ⅳ组NT-pro BNP、GRACE危险评分、c Tn I、CK-MB高于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组,Ⅲ组高于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组(P0.05);NT-pro BNP≥571.56 pg/m L组血清尿酸、GRACE危险评分、c Tn I、CK-MB高于NT-pro BNP571.56pg/m L组(P0.05)。血清尿酸分别与NT-pro BNP、GRACE危险评分呈现正相关(P0.05)。结论:血清尿酸水平与NSTEMI患者的NT-pro BNP密切相关,临床检测血清尿酸水平对于评估NSTEMI患者NT-pro BNP水平具有重要的意义。     

血清心肌酶谱及cTnI对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的诊断价值

目的:研究血清心肌酶谱及心肌肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的诊断价值。方法:选取2012年11月到2014年11月我院收治的新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病患儿70例(研究组),另选同期健康新生儿70例(对照组),采用生化仪检测入选者血清心肌酶谱,应用化学发光法检测血清c Tn I,比较两组血清心肌酶谱和c Tn I水平。结果:研究组肌酸激酶(CK)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、a-羟丁酸脱氢酶(HBDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)均显著高于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组c Tn I水平显著高于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);CK-MB检测灵敏度最高,c Tn I检测的特异性最高。结论:血清心肌酶谱及c Tn I对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病具有重要的诊断价值,为临床治疗提供一定依据。     

替格瑞洛对急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗效果及血清CRP,cTnI,CK-MB水平的影响

目的:探讨替格瑞洛对急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的效果及血清hs-CRP、cTnI、CK-MB水平与血小板功能的影响。方法:选择2015年7月至2016年7月我院接诊的86例急性心肌梗死患者,采取随机数表法分作观察组(n=43)与对照组(n=43)。对照组使用氯吡格雷治疗,观察组使用替格瑞洛治疗。比较两组心肌灌注分级(TMPG分级)、心肌梗塞溶栓治疗分级(TIMI分级)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、肌酸磷化脢-同功脢MB(CK-MB)、血小板聚集率和不良心血管事件的发生率。结果:治疗后,观察组TMPG和TIMI分级均高于对照组(P0.05);观察组CRP、cTnI和CK-MB水平均低于对照组(P0.05);观察组血小板聚集率低于对照组(P0.05);观察组不良心血管事件发生率低于对照组(P0.05);观察组临床总有效率高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:替格瑞洛能够有效改善急性心肌梗死行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的患者冠脉血流灌注,降低血清CRP,cTnI和CK-MB水平,抑制血小板聚集,安全性较高,值得临床推广应用。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.