曲古霉素A增强肺癌细胞对放射线敏感性及机制

目的：探讨组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂曲古霉素A（trichostatin A,TSA）增强人非小细胞肺癌（NscLc）A549对γ-射线敏感性作用及机制。方法：以TSA（0．51zM）预处理细胞18h,再以5Gyγ-射线照射细胞,24h后采用MTT法检测细胞存活率,AnnexinV—PI染色检测细胞凋亡,Westernblot法检测胞浆中和线粒体促凋亡蛋白Bax的表达,流式细胞仪检测细胞线粒体膜电位变化。结果-5Gyγ-射线照射可轻度降低细胞存活率,仅有少量细胞发生凋亡,以TSA预处理再以γ-射线处理细胞,细胞存活率显著下降,凋亡细胞明显增多,伴有线粒体膜电位下降,以及Bax蛋白的激活,表现在线粒体Bax表达较单纯照射组显著增高。结论：TSA通过促进Bax蛋白的活化激活线粒体凋亡途径,增强增强A549细胞对γ-射线的敏感性。     

TSA对非小细胞肺癌A549细胞放疗增敏性的研究

目的:探讨组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂(HDIs)trichostatinA(TSA)对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)A549细胞放疗敏感性的影响.方法:以5Gy γ-射线照射细胞,或同时以TSA处理细胞.采用MTT法检测细胞存活率,Armexin V-PI染色检测细胞凋亡,流式细胞仪检测caspase-3活性.结果:SGy γ-射线可轻度降低细胞存活率,仅有少量细胞发生凋亡,但同时以TSA和γ-射线处理细胞,细胞存活率明显下降,凋亡细胞显著增多,且明显提高活化的caspase-3水平.结论:TSA通过促进caspase-3激活增强A549细胞对γ-射线的敏感性.     

曲古霉素A抑制肺癌细胞增殖的分子机制

目的:探讨组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂曲古霉素A(trichostatin A,TSA)对人非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)A549细胞增殖抑制作用及机制.方法:以不同剂量TSA(0.1μM,0.5pM和1μM)处理A549细胞.MTT法检测细胞增殖情况,碘化丙啶(PI)染色结合流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,Westem blot法检测P21蛋白表达,流式细胞仪检测细胞线粒体膜电位和细胞凋亡.结果:TSA剂量依赖性抑制肺癌A549细胞增殖,表现为细胞周期阻滞于G2/M期,同时P21蛋白表达增高;此外,TSA还可以剂量依赖性的促进A549细胞凋亡,伴有线粒体膜电位下降.结论:TSA促进NSCLCA549细胞周期阻滞和凋亡,从而抑制其增殖.     

细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶Roscovitine 诱导非小细胞肺癌A549 细胞凋亡及 其机制的研究

目的:探讨细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶(CDK)抑制剂Roscovitine(Ros)诱导非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)A549细胞凋亡及其作用机制。方法:以不同浓度Ros(10μM、20μM、40μM)处理细胞24h,采用Annexin V-PI染色以流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡,Westernblot法检测胞浆中和线粒体促凋亡蛋白Bax和Bad的表达,流式细胞仪检测线粒体膜电位(MMP)变化。结果:Ros以剂量依赖的方式诱导A549细胞凋亡,同时Bad和Bax在胞浆的含量随着Ros剂量的增加而减少,而在线粒体中却出现相反的结果,线粒体膜电位随Ros剂量的增大而降低。结论:Ros可通过促进Bax和Bad由胞浆向线粒体易位,诱导NSCLC A549细胞由线粒体途径发生凋亡。     

细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶Roscovitine诱导非小细胞肺癌A549细胞凋亡及其机制的研究

目的：探讨细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶（CDK）抑制剂Roseovitine（Ros）诱导非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）A549细胞凋亡及其作用机制。方法：以不同浓度Ros（101．1M、20yM、40μM）处理细胞24h,采用AnnexinV-PI染色以流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡,Westernblot法检测胞浆中和线粒体促凋亡蛋白Bax和Bad的表达,流式细胞仪检测线粒体膜电位（脚）变化。结果：Ros以剂量依赖的方式诱导A549细胞凋亡,同时Bad和Bax在胞浆的含量随着Ros剂量的增加而减少,而在线粒体中却出现相反的结果,线粒体膜电位随Ros剂量的增大而降低。结论：Ros可通过促进Bax和Bad由胞浆向线粒体易位,诱导NSCLCA549细胞由线粒体途径发生凋亡。     

紫草素促进肺癌A549细胞凋亡

目的:探讨紫草素对A549人肺癌细胞凋亡的影响和可能的作用机制。方法:采用不同浓度的紫草素对体外培养的A549人肺癌细胞进行干预,CCK-8法和流式细胞术分别检测紫草素对A549细胞增殖和凋亡的影响,Western blot观察凋亡相关蛋白(Bcl-2和Bax)表达水平的变化,激光共聚焦显微镜检测紫草素处理12 h并用JC-1染色的A549细胞线粒体膜电位改变。结果:CCK-8分析显示,0.5μM、1μM、2μM、4μM和6μM实验组A549细胞相对存活率分别为(83.71±1.02)%、(57.47±2.78)%、(27.39±1.96)%、(16.96±1.47)%和(14.72±1.93)%,与对照组相比实验组A549细胞相对存活率明显降低;流式细胞术结果表明,1μM、2μM、4μM实验组A549细胞的凋亡率分别为(13.80±1.76)%、(40.90±3.48)%和(78.80±2.52)%,与对照组相比紫草素呈剂量依赖型促进A549细胞凋亡;Western blot结果证实,紫草素能降低A549细胞中Bcl-2蛋白的表达量,而升高Bax蛋白的水平;激光共聚焦显微镜扫描结果显示紫草素能降低A549细胞的线粒体膜电位,呈剂量依赖型。结论:紫草素能显著促进A549细胞凋亡,其机制可能与下调抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达和上调促凋亡蛋白Bax的表达有关。     

双氢青蒿素对Raji细胞放射敏感性的影响

目的：研究双氢青蒿素（DHA）对Raji细胞放射敏感性的影响并探讨其作用机制。方法：CCK8测定DHA对Raji细胞活力的影响,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡、胞内ROS及线粒体膜电位,Western blot检测AKT、p-AKT、Bcl-2、Bax和Cleaved-Caspase-3蛋白表达量。结果：实验分为对照组、DHA组（5 μmol/L DHA）、放射组（4 Gy γ射线）、联合放射组（5 μmol/L DHA和4 Gy γ射线）,与其他3组相比,联合放射组Raji细胞的线粒体膜电位显著降低（P<0.01）,胞内ROS含量和凋亡率显著升高（P<0.01）;此外,Raji细胞AKT表达量与其他3组相比无明显差异,但AKT的磷酸化受到抑制;Bcl-2表达量显著降低,而Bax、Cleaved-Caspase-3表达量显著升高。结论：DHA可能通过抑制磷酸肌醇3-激酶（PI3K-AKT）信号通路及激活了Raji细胞的线粒体凋亡途径,引起氧化应激反应,从而增加Raji细胞对放射的敏感性。     

柯里拉京对人肺癌细胞A549的抑制作用及其机制研究

该研究旨在探讨柯里拉京对人肺癌A549细胞凋亡的影响及其潜在作用机制。采用CCK-8细胞活性检测试剂盒检测柯里拉京对A549细胞活性的影响;通过流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡;JC-1线粒体膜电位检测试剂盒检测线粒体膜电位;免疫印迹法检测凋亡相关蛋白(bax、bcl-2、cleaved-caspase-3、cleaved-PARP)的表达量;通过DCFH-DA探针标记检测细胞内ROS水平。研究结果显示,柯里拉京处理能够剂量依赖性地抑制A549细胞的活性,并通过上调bax的表达、下调bcl-2的表达,破坏线粒体膜电位,促进有活性的cleaved-caspase-3以及cleaved-PARP的形成,诱导A549细胞凋亡。活性氧清除剂NAC能够明显逆转柯里拉京诱导的细胞凋亡。因此,柯里拉京可能通过调节胞内ROS水平诱导人肺癌细胞A549发生凋亡。     

金松双黄酮联合紫杉醇对肺癌A549细胞生长及凋亡的影响

目的:研究金松双黄酮联合紫杉醇对肺癌A549细胞生长及凋亡的影响及其可能的机制。方法:取对数生长的肺癌A549细胞,分为对照组、紫杉醇组、金松双黄酮组、金松双黄酮联合紫杉醇组。采用MTT法研究金松双黄酮联合紫杉醇对肺癌A549细胞生长的影响;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率;蛋白免疫印迹法检测A549细胞中Bcl-2、Bax蛋白的表达。结果:金松双黄酮联合紫杉醇对肺癌A549细胞的生长抑制率高达64.81%,显著强于单纯紫杉醇作用组(P0.05),且两药合用可显著升高肺癌A549细胞的凋亡率(P0.01),并抑制凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2蛋白的表达,上调Bax的表达。结论:金松双黄酮联合紫杉醇能够增强紫杉醇对肺癌A549细胞生长的抑制作用,促进细胞凋亡,其作用机制可能与调节凋亡基因Bc1-2、Bax的蛋白表达有关。     

川楝素诱导人肺癌A549细胞凋亡

该研究旨在探讨川楝素诱导人肺癌A549细胞凋亡作用及其作用机制。通过不同浓度的川楝素作用于A549细胞48 h后,采用MTT法检测细胞活性;光学显微镜及荧光显微镜下观察细胞形态结构;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率、线粒体膜电位(ΔΨm)和细胞周期;实时定量RTPCR和Western blot分别检测Bax、Bcl-2、Fas、Cycs(细胞色素C)和Caspase-3基因m RNA和蛋白质水平。结果显示,在一定浓度范围内,川楝素能抑制A549细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,且呈剂量依赖性。川楝素作用48 h的最佳药物浓度是40μmol/L,增殖抑制率为46.73%±1.47%,细胞凋亡率为13.18%±0.41%,线粒体膜电位(ΔΨm)显著下降(P0.01),细胞阻滞于G2期和S期;Bcl-2的表达显著降低,Bax、Fas、Cycs和Caspase-3的表达显著增加(P0.01),提示川楝素可能通过上调Bax、Fas、Cycs和Caspase-3基因和下调Bcl-2基因诱导人肺癌A549细胞凋亡。     

A homozygous female hemophilia A

BACKGROUND:

Hemophilia A (HA), being an X-linked recessive disorder, females are rarely affected, although they can be carriers.

AIMS:

To study the mutation in F8 gene in an extended family with a homozygous female HA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

All the seven affected members (six males and one female) were initially screened by Conformation Sensitive Gel Electrophoresis (CSGE) and direct DNA sequencing.

RESULTS:

A homozygous missense mutation c.1315G>A (p.Gly420Ser) was identified in exon 9 of F8 gene in homozygous state in the affected female born of 1° consanguinous marriage and in all the affected male members of the family. Her factor VIII levels was found to be 5.5%, vWF:Ag 120%.

CONCLUSION:

In India, as consanguineous marriages are very common in certain communities (up to 30%), the likelihood of encountering female hemophilia is higher, although this is the first case of HA out of 1600 hemophilia families registered in our Comprehensive Haemophilia Care Center. Genetic diagnosis in such cases is not necessary as all the male children will be affected and daughters obligatory carriers.     

A glucoside of urospermal A

The aerial parts of Urospermum picroides afforded, in addition to urospermal A a p-hydroxylphenyl acetate of a glucoside of urospermal A.     

Quadruplexes of human telomere DNA analogs designed to contain G:A:G:A,G:G:A:A,and A:A:A:A tetrads

Replacement of two to four guanines by adenines in the human telomere DNA repeat dG₃(TTAG₃)₃ did not hinder the formation of quadruplexes if the substitutions took place in the terminal tetrad bridged by the diagonal loop of the intramolecular antiparallel three‐tetrad scaffold, as proved by CD and PAGE in both Na⁺ and K⁺ solutions. Thermodynamic data showed that, in Na⁺ solution, the dG₃(TTAG₃)₃ quadruplex was destabilized, the least by the two G:A:G:A tetrads, the most by the G:G:A:A tetrad in which the adenosines replaced syn‐guanosines. In physiological K⁺ solution, the highest destabilization was caused by the 4A tetrad. In K⁺, only the unmodified dG₃(TTAG₃)₃ quadruplex rearranged into a K⁺‐dependent quadruplex form, none of the multiple adenine‐modified structures did so. This may imply biological consequences for nonrepaired A‐for‐G mutations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 93: 880–886, 2010.     

Aminopeptidase A is angiotensinase A

Summary Quantitative histochemical measurements of aminopeptidase A (APA; E.C.3.4.11.7) were done kinetically in the kidney glomeruli of rat and mouse with an instrumental setup consisting of a microdensitometer and a computer-supported morphometric system. The histochemical demonstration of APA was carried out using the simultaneous azo coupling technique (purest-grade Fast Blue B as coupling agent and -l-glutamic acid-4-methoxy-2-naphthylamide as substrate). The methodological studies show that APA activity is calcium-ion-dependent and increases linearly with the thickness of the tissue section (3–12 m) and that the time-course of APA activity as determined by linear regression is linear only for the first 1 to 2 min of the reaction. — Kinetic measurements indicate a 40% decrease in APA activities when -l-glutamic acid-4-methoxy-2-naphthylamide (-l-Glu-MNA) is replaced by -l-aspartic acid-4-methoxy-2-naphthylamide. When -l-Glu-MNA is replaced with l-alanine-4-methoxy-2-naphthylamide, which is a substrate of aminopeptidase M (APM) only very low reaction rates are measurable (about 1.4% of those with -l-Glu-MNA). 100 and 130 mM NaCl in the incubation medium increase APA activities by approximately 16%–17%. — To clarify the functional importance of APA in the kidney, their activities were measured under the influence of angiotensins. The glomerulus was selected as the measuring site, for besides APA it contains no APM or other peptidases that could degrade angiotensins (the glomerular dipeptidyl peptidase IV is not inhibited by angiotensin II). Using the Lineweaver-Burk plot, we determined a K _m of 0.16 mM for the APA in rat glomeruli and 0.14 mM in mouse glomeruli. The V _max in mouse glomeruli is 1.6 times higher than in rat glomeruli. Ang iotensin I, II and III competitively inhibit APA in the rat and mouse glomeruli. — With quantitative histochemical techniques it was possible to show that APA is equivalent to angiotensinase A (splitting off the N-terminal aspartic acid from angiotensin I and II).Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 105)     

关于一个“基细胞”的疑问

有或没有基细胞是毛鞘藻属(Bulbochaets)与枝鞘藻属(Oedocladium)的区别之一。这里叙述了Mrozinska在其专著(1985)中,将Oedocladium indicum Kama附图(即模式图)上的一个基细胞错误地移置到Oe.PrescottiiIslam上去的情况。     

关于一个"基细胞"的疑问

有或没有基细胞是毛鞘藻属与枝鞘藻属的区别之一。这里叙述了Ｍｒｏｚｉｎｓｋａ在其专著中,将Ｏｅｄｏｃｌａｄｉｕｍ ｉｎｄｉｃｕｍ Ｋａｍａｔ附图（即模式图）上的一个基细胞错误地移置到Ｏｅ．ｐｒｅｓｃｏｔｔｉｉ Ｉｓｌａｍ上去的情况。