深圳塘朗山郊野公园的植物资源

广东深圳塘朗山郊野公园共有野生维管植物144科423属611种,分别占广东省维管植物280科1589属5737种的51.4%、26.7%和10.65%;其中蕨类省植物21科29属33种,裸子植物3科3属4种,被子植物120科391属574种,被子植物占绝对优势。国家重点保护野生植物共计7科7属7种,占广东省国家重点保护野生植物的10.9%;珍稀濒危植物有4科5属5种,占广东省珍稀濒危植物67种的7%。公园中经济植物可分为12类,分别是药用植物321种,用材树种65种,观赏植物60种,纤维植物41种,野生水果33种,油脂植物38种,饲料植物42种,鞣料植物42种,野菜植物25种,农药植物27种,芳香植物26种,淀粉植物23种,保健植物19种,染料植物13种,有毒植物10种,蜜源植物5种。     

广西金钟山鸟类保护区鸟类多样性初步研究

本文共记录到金钟山鸟类274种,分别隶属于18目57科,其中陆生鸟类251种,水鸟23种;以留鸟为主,共157种;候鸟、旅鸟分别为104种、13种;东洋种为优势类群,共有171种,古北种和广布种分别为4种、27种。这些鸟类中有国家重点保护鸟类39种,中国特有种鸟类3种,列入世界自然保护联盟红皮书名录中的鸟类5种,列入中国濒危动物红皮书名录中的鸟类20种,列入CITES附录中的鸟类34种。本文还对金钟山鸟类保护区的5种不同生境类型的鸟类种类组成作了比较,结果表明灌丛＋农田的鸟种多样性指数最高,为3．04;水域的鸟种多样性指数最低,为2．14。     

庐山蛾类区系研究

庐山,地处中亚热带北沿,北纬29.35°,东经115.59°,属亚热带东部季风区域。庐山襟江带湖,雨量充沛,植物种类繁多,种子植物有1800余种,隶属158科642属。因此,庐山蛾类也较丰富。笔者于1975年5月开始,对庐山蛾类进行了调查,共鉴定出蛾类455种。现将庐山蛾类区系报告如下。 区系分析 庐山蛾类已鉴定出32科340届455种。区系情况如表。 从表可以看出:     

四川海子山自然保护区鸟类资源及区系

2003年10~12月和2004年6~9月,采用样线法和绝对数量法,对四川海子山自然保护区鸟类资源进行了调查,记录到鸟类130种,结合文献共16目48科210种。其中以留鸟和夏候鸟为主,占了总数的82.86%。对繁殖鸟类的区系分析表明:古北界种类占繁殖鸟总数的44.8%,东洋界种类占40.8%,广布种占14.4%,古北界种类稍占优势。保护区内有国家Ⅰ、Ⅱ级保护动物30种,我国特有种11种,占我国特有种的15.9%;列入CITES名录的有20种,IUCN名录的有8种,中国物种红色名录14种。垂直区系分析发现:随海拔高度的增加,古北界、东洋界、广布种的比例并不是呈规律性的增加或减少,而是波浪式的变化;绝大多数分布型的比例也呈波浪式的变化。     

新疆蝗总科区系研究

新疆现有蝗虫１５７种,它们分别隶属于８科６２属。在１５７种蝗虫中,古北种占绝对优势,有１２０种,其次为特有种,有３５种,广布种甚少,仅２种。在古北种中,中亚种最多,其次为泛古北种,而欧洲西伯利亚种、地中海种和东北种均很少。在８个科中,泛古北种在网翅蝗科中占优势,中亚种在班翅蝗科中占优势,斑腿蝗科在蝗总科中是相当大的一个科,在我国也占有很大优势,但在新疆其属种数量却很少。     

海南鹦哥岭自然保护区的珍稀濒危植物与保育

对鹦哥岭的珍稀濒危植物进行野外调查表明,本区共有野生分布的珍稀濒危植物79种,隶属于47科71属。其中属于1999年国家重点一级保护4种,如海南苏铁(Cycas hainansis)、坡垒(Hopea hainansis)、台湾苏铁(Cy-cas taiwaniana)和伯乐树(Bretschneidera sinensis),国家二级保护14种。建议将18种列入国家保护名录中,20种列入省级保护名录,其中有30种为海南特有种。鹦哥岭珍稀濒危植物面临的威胁主要有原始森林面积的减少、人为毁林开荒和分布区限制。针对珍稀濒危植物的现状和受到的威胁,提出了应重点加强保护的6个地点及相应的保护对策和建议。     

中国石松类和蕨类植物的多样性与地理分布

物种编目及其科属系统排列是了解生物多样性的基础, 本文采用Flora of China使用的分类系统, 结合最新分子分类学研究成果以及近几年发表的新资料, 对中国石松类和蕨类植物多样性和地理分布数据进行了统计和分析。结果表明中国共有石松类和蕨类植物40科178属2,147种5个亚种118个变种, 其中特有种839个, 占总种数的39.08%。种数最多的5个科依次为鳞毛蕨科(505种, 含种下单位, 下同)、蹄盖蕨科(323种)、水龙骨科(280种)、凤尾蕨科(266种)和金星蕨科(209种); 种数最多的5个属依次为耳蕨属(Polystichum, 209种)、鳞毛蕨属(Dryopteris, 176种)、蹄盖蕨属(Athyrium, 137种)、双盖蕨属(Diplazium, 98种)和凤尾蕨属(Pteris, 97种)。在地理分布上, 种数排名前5的省份为云南(1,365种)、四川(875种)、贵州(838种)、广西(785种)和台湾(779种)。含中国特有石松类和蕨类植物的科属中, 排前3位的科分别为鳞毛蕨科(257种)、蹄盖蕨科(169种)和凤尾蕨科(113种); 排前3位的属为耳蕨属(140种)、蹄盖蕨属(82种)和鳞毛蕨属(61种)。     

A Preliminary Investigation on the Status of the Wildlife Trade in Guangxi,China

1IntroductionWildlifetradeisamain~mpetustoutilizewildlife.Thechangeinspeciesandvolumein-volvedinthewildlifetrademayreflectconservationstatus,dynamicsandexploitedlevelofwildliferesources.Thestudyonwildlifetradeisthetheoriticalbasisonwhichproposalsastolimittradeonrareorendangeredspeciescanbemade,andwithwhichfuturemonitoringofthetradecanbecompared.Theresultalsocanbeusedtoevaluateconservationeffectsofprotectionmeasuresandlawsforbiodiversityconservation.Itisofgreatsignificanceinguid-ingsustainable…     

湖北省爬行动物资源概况

摘要：为了搞清湖北省爬行动物资源概况,通过总结文献资料,并结合作者等最近20余年积累的调查资料,从区系特点、地理分布、评估等级、资源量及保护对策等方面总结了湖北省爬行动物的资源概况。结果显示,湖北省现有爬行动物2目12科44属78种,主要分布在鄂西南（57种,占73.1％）、鄂西北(47种,占60.3％)和鄂东南（43...     

Rare plants at the extremes of distribution: broadly and narrowly distributed rare species

The flora of North America north of Mexico was used to study rare species at the two extremes of geographic distribution: endemic species, those with large local populations but small geographic ranges, and suffusively rare species, those with small local populations but large geographic ranges. The taxonomic distribution, geographic distribution, and life history characteristics of the two groups were compared. Only 2% of North American species are suffusively rare, while 22.6% of species are endemic to one state or province. Suffusively rare species are significantly more likely to be seedless vascular plants and monocots than expected, and are less likely to be eudicots. Conversely, endemic species are more likely to be eudicots, and less likely to be monocots. Suffusively rare species are most abundant in Canada and the northeastern United States, whereas there are few endemic species in those areas. The highest proportions of endemic species are found in California, Florida, and Texas. Wetland habitats support many suffusively rare species, but few endemic species. Neither are common in alpine habitats. Suffusively rare and endemic species also differ in the dominant growth form. Suffusively rare species are most likely to be herbaceous eudicots, and less likely to be shrubs or shrub-herbs. Endemic species are also likely to be herbaceous, but are also frequently shrubs. A high proportion of endemic species exhibit plasticity in growth form, whereas few suffusively rare species have plastic growth forms. While both groups contain rare species, they differ considerably in geographic distribution and life history traits.     

Type Specimens and identity of the described species of Conus II. The species described by Solander, Chemnitz, Born, and Lightfoot between 1766 and 1786

Twenty-three species of Conus were described by authors other than Linnaeus between 1766 and 1786. Of these, 3 are Eocene species from England described by Solander in Brander (1766), and the remainder are Recent. Chemnitz (1777) described one valid species. Of the 10 species described by Born (1778), 7 are valid, 2 are junior synonyms of Linnaean species, and 1 is a nomen dubium. Solander in [Lightfoot] (1786) described 5 species, of which 3 are valid and 2 are junior synonyms of Linnaean species. Lightfoot (1786) described 4 species, of which 1 is valid and 3 are junior synonyms of Linnaean species.
Holotypes of 7 species and lectotypes of 3 species exist, and representatives of lecto-types of 10 species have been selected. All of these types are illustrated photographically.
Between 1758 and 1786, 60 species of Conus were described, of which 45 are now considered valid. Of these, 42 are Recent.     

安徽省两栖爬行动物名录修订

参考两栖爬行动物分类学和分子系统学的最新研究成果, 收集了近年来安徽省两栖爬行类相关的研究资料, 整理成安徽省两栖爬行类物种与分布名录。截止到2018年11月30日, 安徽省共记录两栖动物2目9科26属44种, 其中安徽特有种3种; 爬行动物3目11科48属72种, 其中安徽特有种1种。与《安徽两栖爬行动物志》(1991)相比, 共增加了12种, 删除1个物种, 更改了29个物种的名称。区系分析表明, 东洋界种类91种(78.4%), 古北界种类10种(8.7%), 广布型15种(12.9%)。列入《国家重点保护野生动物名录》的有4种, 列入《中国脊椎动物红色名录》的有112种。     

芜湖发电厂灰渣场植被状况

经实地考察发现,芜湖火力发电厂灰渣场自然定居的高等植物有30种,隶属于14个科29个属,主要包括菊科,禾本科和豆科,全部植物中,1,2年生草本植物18种,多年生草本植物9种,木本植物2种,影响植物分布的主要因素是灰渣的理化性质和灰渣场的自然改造程度。     

Revision of the Genera Thyca, Stilifer, Scalenostoma, Mucronalia and Echineulima (Mollusca, Prosobranchia, Eulimidae)

All species that have been described of the genera mentioned in the title are listed and their systematic position given. The species of Stilifer (with 11 species, including S. inflatus sp.n. and 5. concavus sp.n.) are parasites of starfishes. Scalenostoma (3 species) are parasites of stone corals. Thyca (with 8 species) is removed from Capulidae, and included in Eulimidae. T. hawaiiensis sp.n. is described. The species of Thyca are parasites of starfishes. The species of Mucronalia (including M. trilineata sp.n.) are probably parasites of ophiuroids and Echineulima (with 4–6 species, including E. ponderi sp.n.) are parasites of echinoids. All species are figured, their characteristics are given and their host species and distributions are listed. Keys are given to the species of each genus, except Mucronalia. The genera Stilimella Laseron and Hyperlia Pilsbry are synonymized with Scalenostoma and the genera Kiramodulus Kuroda, Granulithyca Habe and Bessomia Berry are considered subgenera of Thyca.     

澜沧江漫湾电站水库地区爬行动物多样性研究

漫湾电站水库地区有爬行动物４６种,隶属３目１０科３７属。特点是：（１）特种多样性很丰富,为中国扑行类种娄１１．８９％,为云南的３０．４６％,是云南省和全国爬行类很丰富的地区;（２）东洋界种类占绝对优势（９７．８３％）,没有古北界种类,古北东洋两界广布种仅１种;（３）西南区与华南区种类分别为２０及１９种;华中区及华中华南两区广布种很少;（５）特有种多,在我国主要产于云南有８种,占１７．３９％,其中云     

What do the biodiversity experiments tell us about consequences of plant species loss in the real world?

Experiments where the diversity of species assemblage is manipulated are sometimes used to predict the consequences of species loss from real communities. However, their design corresponds to a random selection of the lost species. There are three main factors that limit species richness: harshness of the environment, competitive exclusion, and species pool limitation. Species loss is usually caused by increasing effects of these factors. In the first two cases, the species that are excluded are highly non-random subsets of the potential species set, and consequently, the predictions based on random selection of the lost species might be misleading. The data show that the least productive species are those being recently excluded from temperate grasslands and consequently, species loss is not connected with decline of productivity. The concurrent species loss in many communities, however, means also a reduction of the available diaspore pool on a landscape scale, and could result in increased species pool limitation in other communities.     

昆明地区爬行动物的研究

昆明地区共有爬行动物42种,隶3目10科27属。区系特点：（1）物种很丰富－占云南省爬行类27．81％,占中国10．19％,超过16省区;（2）东洋界种类占绝对优势－共39种,占92．86％;（3）西南区种类很多－有22种,占东洋界种数56．41％;（4）特有种较多－昆明特有种3种,云南特有种4种,中国特有15种,占35．71％;（5）模式产地种类多－模式产地在昆明的9种,在云南的11种,在中国的24种,占57．14％。数量状况：优势种有半叶跳虎及八线腹链蛇2种,占4．76％;普通种9种,占21．43％;稀有种31种,占73．81％。     

中国台湾和大陆蹄盖蕨属植物的生物地理学比较

蹄盖蕨属Athyrium Roth是个典型的东亚属,全世界估计约有160种,主要分布在亚洲东部的亚热带高山,少数在温带其他地区,中国有117种,是其分布中心。台湾和大陆的蹄盖蕨属植物关系尤为密切,是研究海峡两岸植物地理关系的一个很好的材料。台湾已知共计有蹄盖蕨类植物32种,包括狭义蹄盖蕨27种,介蕨2种,蛾眉蕨1种,假蹄盖蕨1种,假冷蕨1种,即使将待查实的4种蹄盖蕨除去,至少还有28种。其中除去7种大陆不产外, 21种均和大陆共有,占75%。况且,这7种与大陆种形态相近,是否同种异名、亚种或姊妹种关系还有待进一步研究;在台湾和大陆共有的16种狭义蹄盖蕨中有7种是台湾-西南间断分布。这不仅说明了台湾的蹄盖蕨属类植物和大陆的关系密切、有着共同的起源,而且说明台湾高地的植物区系和西南高地关系最为密切。运用生物系统学和分子系统学的方法研究和测定海峡两岸共有种种内、姊妹种或近缘种之间的遗传学关系(如:遗传一致度),进一步了解并量化台湾和大陆植物区系之间的历史和地理关系是必要的。     

江西省资溪县马头山蕨类植物区系

马头山蕨类植物区系由 3 0科 62属 1 42种组成。区系地理成份复杂 ,科属的地理成份以热带亚热带性质为主。主要的科是鳞毛蕨科 (2 5种 )、水龙骨科 (1 8种 )、金星蕨科 (1 5种 )、卷柏科 (1 1种 )、蹄盖蕨科 (1 1种 ) ,5科占总种数 5 6.3 4%。主要的属是鳞毛蕨属 (1 6种 )、卷柏属 (1 1种 )、凤尾蕨属 (8种 )、铁角蕨属 (8种 )、复叶耳蕨属 (5种 )、假瘤蕨属 (4种 )占总种数 3 6.62 %。马头山蕨类植物区系属的地理成份可分为 8个 ,主要是泛热带 (1 9属 )、热带亚洲 (7属 )、世界广布 (1 9属 )成份 ,占总属数 72 .5 8%。而种的地理成份则以亚热带山地成份为主 ,本区东亚成份突出 ,加上中国特有成份共占总种数的 66.2 1 %。显然应是东亚植物区系的一部分。掌叶假瘤蕨为江西省首次发现。