一种单克隆抗体酶免疫测定法的建立及其在检测家畜促滤泡激素中的应用

以牛促滤泡激素(bFSH)为抗原,制备出对bFSH特异的单克隆抗体(McAb)并进行了抗体的纯化和特性分析。以方阵交叉匹配试验挑选出最佳抗体配对,建立了一种可测定微量促滤泡激素的双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法(DAS—ELIsA)．用IBM—PC微机对DAS—ELISA测出的数据进行了分析。本DAS—ELISA法已成功地应用于家畜血清促滤泡激素水平的检测。     

番木瓜环斑病毒单克隆抗体的制备及在病毒分型上的初步应用

本试验是用番木瓜环斑病毒(Papaya ringspot virus, PRV)提纯制剂免疫的BALB/c小白鼠脾细胞与Sp~2/o-Ag14骨髓瘤细胞融合,获得三个能稳定传代并分泌抗番木瓜环斑病毒的单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞系。其中23H1 McAb的效价较高,用ELISA检测,腹水抗体效价高达1:76800,能被PRV兔抗血清所阻断。这3个杂交瘤细胞系产生的单抗与TMV和CMV无血清交叉反应。它们可把PRV四个毒株初步区分为三个血清型。     

蝙蝠血清IgG的纯化及兔抗蝙蝠IgG酶标抗体的制备

目的纯化蝙蝠血清IgG,制备兔抗蝙蝠IgG酶标抗体。方法采用亲和层析纯化法纯化蝙蝠血清IgG,SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定蝙蝠IgG纯度。免疫大白兔制备兔抗蝙蝠IgG抗血清,免疫双扩散法测定抗血清效价,亲和层析纯化法纯化抗血清IgG。用改良过碘酸钠标记法制备兔抗蝙蝠IgG酶标抗体,直接ELISA和Western blot法对兔抗蝙蝠IgG酶标抗体进行工作浓度测定。结果纯化的蝙蝠血清IgG,其SDS-PAGE测定纯度大于95%;免疫大白兔所制备的抗血清免疫双扩散效价为1∶64;用改良过碘酸钠标记法制备兔抗蝙蝠IgG酶标抗体,其直接ELISA和Western blot工作浓度分别为1∶12800和大于1∶2000。结论制备了蝙蝠血清IgG的抗血清和酶标抗体,为蝙蝠的血清学检测体系提供了技术和资源储备。     

抗EHFV的独特型抗体在小鼠体内诱导免疫应答的研究

本文介绍用流行性出血热（EHF）病毒J10株制备单克隆抗体（McAb）,以及用7个McAb免疫家兔,使其产生抗EHF病毒McAb的抗体即抗独特型 抗体（Ab2).Ab2能在体外同出血热病人恢复期血清和EHF病毒免疫的兔血清发生特异性结合。再经EHF－McAb亲和层析法分离提纯Ab2,免疫BALb/c小鼠,将所获得的免疫血清（Ab3）用荧光和ELISA分别加以测定。结果表明,抗－抗独特型抗体可在体外识别EHF病毒,而不能同病病人恢复期血清发生结合,从而支持免疫网络学说,可能为我们提供一种新型的抗原来源途径。     

双抗体夹心ELISA法测定残余汉逊酵母菌体蛋白含量的研究

目的 通过免疫白兔和小鼠获得抗汉逊酵母菌体全蛋白血清,建立测定残余宿主汉逊酵母菌体蛋白含量的双抗体夹心ELISA的方法.方法 由免疫动物得到抗血清,分别作为包被抗体和检测抗体,通过方阵滴定实验确定双抗体夹心ELISA最佳条件.结果 获得的兔、小鼠抗血清经间接ELISA检测效价均达到1:10000.作为包被抗体小鼠抗血清的最佳包被浓度为10 μg/ml,在30～500 ng/ml范围内测定呈直线关系,相关系数为0.9985.可用于测定基因工程产品中汉逊酵母菌体蛋白的残余量.     

抗EHFV的独特型抗体在大鼠体内诱导免疫应答的研究

本文介绍用流行性出血热（EHF）病毒J10株制备单克隆抗体（McAb),以及用7个McAb免疫家兔,使其产生抗EHF病毒McAb的抗体即独特型抗体（Ab2）。Ab2能在体外同出血热病人恢复期血清和EHF病毒免疫的兔血清发生特异性结合。再经EHF－McAb亲和层析法分离提纯Ab2,免疫BALb/c小鼠,将所获得的免疫血清（Ab3）用荧光和ELISA分别加以测定,结果表明,抗－抗独特型抗体可在体外识别EHF病毒,而不能同病病人恢复期血清发生结合,从而支持免疫网络学说,可能为我们提供一种新型的抗原来源途径。     

人心肌肌凝蛋白轻链(CMLC)的分离及临床应用

从人心肌提取了肌凝蛋白,并检测了其ATP酶活力的稳定性。用SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)法纯化并鉴定了人心肌肌凝蛋白轻链(CMLC),结果表明CMLCI的分子量为27000;CMLCⅡ的分子量为20 000。它们的紫外吸收光谱显示A260>A280,表明其高含苯丙氨酸。制备了兔抗人CMLC抗血清,免疫双扩散的结果表明,纯化后的CMLC与肌凝蛋白有相同的抗原性。用阳性的兔抗人CMLC抗血清为对照作ELISA实验,不仅从免疫学角度进一步证实了人心肌CMLC的特性且为其在临床诊断应用提供了可靠的方法。     

貉血清IgG纯化及抗血清的制备

目的 制备高纯度貉血清IgG和兔抗貉IgG抗血清,作为建立多种动物抗体检测技术的储备。方法 采用Hitrap Protein A亲和层析及盐析再沉淀法纯化貉血清IgG,通过PAGE电泳和Western-Blot免疫印迹法对IgG作纯度及免疫活性检测;常规免疫法制备兔抗貉IgG血清。结果 貉血清IgG与Protein G虽有较强的结合力,但同时也结合血清中其他杂蛋白;用二步纯化法可从5 mL貉血清中纯化IgG约7 mg,电泳和免疫印迹测定显示,IgG纯度大于95%,常规免疫法制备抗血清免疫双扩散效价达1∶32。结论 建立了可行的貉血清IgG的纯化方法和高效价的兔抗貉血清IgG抗血清,为貉血清IgG二级抗体酶联物的制备储备了资源。     

单克隆抗体亲和层析技术

亲和层析技术中用常规抗血清作配体时,由于抗血清成份复杂、亲和力多样化,特异性强的制剂又不易得,因而此层析技术的应用受到限制.单克隆抗体(McAb)技术的建立,为亲和层析技术的应用带来了突破.因为McAb作为亲和层析技术中的配体有以下几个优点:(1)可以利用粗制抗原制备分泌单一抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,在体外或体内大量生产McAb;(2)由于McAb是针对单一抗原决定簇的,该决定簇是某一抗原物质所特有或是多种抗原物质所共有时,可没有任何交叉反应或有完全的交叉反应.     

人C-反应蛋白磁微粒化学发光酶免疫测定法的建立

人C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein, CRP)是炎症以及各种相关疾病如病毒感染、心血管疾病等诊断、治疗和预后的临床检测指标。为了建立一种快速、准确的CRP定量免疫测定方法,将表达纯化的重组CRP作为抗原免疫小鼠,获得了5株稳定分泌抗体的单克隆抗体细胞株,采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法(double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, DAS-ELISA)初步鉴定筛选的抗人CRP单克隆抗体,并分别选择m Ab 9D6和m Ab 9G4作为捕获抗体与检测抗体,建立用于人CRP检测的化学发光酶免疫测定法(chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay, CLEIA),最后通过测定分析临床血清CRP样本,评价CLEIA的性能。结果显示,基于9D6/9G4-AP单克隆抗体对的CLEIA测定范围为0.176 7～500μg/L (可扩展至100 mg/L);所建立的CLEIA与医院采用的免疫散射比浊法(R2:0.949 6, P<0.000 1)表现出良好的相关性,且Bland...     

混合单克隆抗体在固相ELISA双夹心法中的应用研究

在进行固相ELISA双夹心法时,要选择两种配对的单克隆抗体(McAb)殊非易事。本文用不同McAb的混合物与另一种McAb进行配对夹心,获得了较好的效果。实验表明,在心肌肌球蛋白轻链(CM—LC)的固相ELISA双夹心体系中,以抗CM-LCMcAb(1G6)铺底,(2B4及2F6)混合物为后续复盖抗体,最低检出量可低达10ng/mL,其检出率较单独2B4或单独2F6作为后续复盖抗体者高5—10倍。而若反之,以(2B4及2F6)混合物铺底,1G6作为后续复盖抗体,则其最低检出量竟高至200ng/mL,还不如以其中之一铺底为佳。在人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)的检测体系中,用多克隆抗体与单克隆抗体配对的研究中,也获得了类似的实验结果。     

The development and use of monoclonal antibodies for detection of Erwinia

M. VERNON-SHIRLEY AND R. BURNS. 1992. Three monoclonal antibodies (McAb), which reacted specifically with Erwinia carotovora , were produced. Monoclonal antibody 14/8.6 reacted with serogroup I/3390 but not with two other serogroups of E.c. subsp. atroseptica nor with 31 serogroups of E.c. subsp. carotovora ; McAb 14/2 reacted with all 34 serogroups; and McAb 14/8.6 was as sensitive as a commercially produced polyclonal antiserum in detecting E.c. subsp. atroseptica by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.     

抗磺胺对甲氧嘧啶单克隆抗体的研制及其特性分析

目的制备针对磺胺对甲氧嘧啶的单克隆抗体,建立对该物质的免疫学检测方法。方法以BSA-磺胺对甲氧嘧啶为免疫原,免疫BALB／c小鼠,取脾细胞与小鼠Sp-2／0骨髓瘤细胞融合后,经筛选和亚克隆,建立杂交瘤细胞株。结果获得2株能稳定分泌抗磺胺对甲氧嘧啶抗体的细胞株。对抗体进行了特性分析,抗体的效价分别为1：400000和1：1630000,抗体类型及亚类都为IgGl。其中,单克隆抗体1H10的亲和力为1．4×109L／mol,利用该抗体采用竞争间接ELISA法检测磺胺对甲氧嘧啶的范围是1025—16μg/mL,最低检测浓度是8μg/mL。单抗1H10与其他6种磺胺药（SMM、SMZ、SM2、SD、SulfaquinoxalineSodium、Sulfametetyrazine）无交叉反应。结论单克隆抗体1H10可用于研制免疫学方法检测磺胺对甲氧嘧啶残留的产品。     

群特异性蓝舌病病毒单克隆抗体的制备和鉴定

目的：制备群特异性抗蓝舌病病毒（BTV）单克隆抗体,并对其特性进行鉴定,为建立检测BTV抗原及抗体的ELISA方法奠定基础。方法：用纯化的BTV颗粒为免疫抗原免疫BALB/c鼠,以大肠杆菌表达的VP7蛋白作为筛选抗原,用间接ELISA法筛选杂交瘤细胞株;选取抗体效价最高的一株制备BTV单克隆抗体,以该抗体为捕获抗体与8种不同血清型BTV进行ELISA反应,结果与细胞病变反应进行比对;以该抗体为竞争抗体,与12种不同血清型绵羊BTV抗血清进行竞争ELISA反应,并将结果与参比c-ELISA试剂盒结果进行比对。结果：筛选出5株稳定分泌BTV单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,并选其中一株（3E2）制备了高纯度的单克隆抗体;该单抗用于检测不同血清型BTV,与细胞病变反应结果完全相符;用于检测不同血清型绵羊BTV抗血清,其结果与参比c-ELISA试剂盒符合率为100%,与鹿流行性出血热病毒抗原和抗体均无交叉反应。结论：制备的BTV单克隆抗体具有良好的群特异性,可用于检测不同血清型BTV抗原及BTV抗体。     

Development and application of competitive ELISA assays for rat LH and FSH

Rat LH (rLH) and FSH (rFSH) were measured by sensitive and specific competition ELISAs. The rat LH ELISA used rLH-I-9 coated plates, an antiserum against rLH and an antibody against rabbit IgG labeled with peroxidase. Using rLH-RP-3 as a standard, rat LH was determined by binding of the anti-LH antibody to rLH-I-9 coated plates. The sensitivity of the assay was 0.8 ng/mL. Similarly, the rat FSH-ELISA used rFSH-I-8 coated plates, an antiserum against rFSH and an antibody against rabbit IgG labeled with peroxidase. Using rFSH-RP-3 as a standard, the FSH-ELISA was also determined by binding of the anti-FSH antibody to rFSH-I-8 coated plates. The sensitivity of this assay was 1.25 ng/mL. Both rat LH and FSH ELISA assays are highly specific and provide accurate determination of gonadotrophins in buffers, sera, cell culture media, and anterior pituitary extracts. These assays were used for monitoring the gonadotrophin surge-attenuating factor (GnSAF) and inhibin activities present in human follicular fluid (hFF). The 2 new ELISA procedures have practical advantages (safety, convenience, economy) over the RIA methods, and they perform as well as the RIA techniques at the same range of concentrations.     

一株抗H5亚型禽流感病毒血凝素蛋白单克隆抗体的广谱中和活性

以H5N1禽流感病毒株Ck/HK/Yu22/02作为抗原,应用常规杂交瘤技术和血凝抑制实验筛选出抗H5亚型禽流感病毒血凝素蛋白的单抗8H5,单抗8H5经免疫荧光鉴定具有很好的H5特异性.选择33株2002～2006年不同地域,不同宿主中分离的不同遗传变异亚系的H5N1病毒代表株,对单抗8H5分别进行血凝抑制实验及中和试验分析,结果显示单抗8H5对所有H5亚型病毒均有较强反应,而对非H5亚型标准病毒株均不反应,说明8H5是一株广谱性抗H5特异性中和单抗,并提示单抗8H5的HA识别表位可能是一个相当保守的中和表位.并且单抗8H5双抗夹心系统的初步评价显示了其在诊断应用上的前景.     

A monoclonal antibody to aflatoxin B1: detection of the mycotoxin by enzyme immunoassay

A monoclonal antibody (McAb) was produced after fusion of mouse (X63.Ag8.6.5.3) myeloma cells with spleen cells isolated from female Balb-c/NZB F1 hybrid mice immunized with aflatoxin B₁ (oxine)-keyhole limpet haemocyanin conjugate. The hybridoma cell line producing antibody specific for aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) was grown in tissue culture and as an ascites tumour. The ascitic fluid gave suitably high dilution titres (1:800 000) by enzyme immunoassay and was conjugated to horseradish peroxidase by a two-step procedure with glutaraldehyde. The conjugate was used to develop a direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay for AFB₁. The sensitivity of the ELISA was 0–2 ng/ml with a working range up to 10 ng/ml for AFB₁. The specificity of the McAb was determined and it was shown not to cross-react significantly with any of the metabolites tested. This McAb and the direct competitive ELISA described may prove of use in the detection of AFB₁ in foods and feeds.     

Effect of monoclonal antibody on expression of lipid metabolism related genes in porcine adipocytes

In order to study the mechanism of monoclonal antibody (McAb) against a porcine 40-kDa adipocyte-specific plasma membrane protein in reducing fat deposition, porcine primary adipocytes were treated with the McAb during the process of adipocyte differentiation; its effect on expression of lipid metabolism related genes was investigated. Adipocytes were treated with 1-methyl-3-isobutylmethylxanthine (IDX) plus 10 μg/mL of the McAb or without McAb. The mRNA levels of adipocyte differentiation related genes (PPARγ and C/EBPα), lipid metabolism related genes (FAS, HSL, CPT-1B, DGAT and A-FABP) and adiponectin gene (AdipoQ) were determined using real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed that the differentiated adipocyte number and triglyceride (TG) content in adipocytes treated with the McAb were lower than that in cells without McAb during the whole process of adipocyte differentiation. The McAb significantly reduced mRNA expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, FAS, DGAT, A-FABP and adiponectin genes, but increased mRNA expression of HSL and CPT-1B genes during the medium and latter stage of adipocyte differentiation. This suggested that the McAb decreased triglycerol accumulation in adipocyte by both inhibiting adipocyte differentiation and regulating lipid metabolism, especially at the medium and latter stage of porcine adipocyte differentiation.     

人β-actin蛋白原核表达及其单克隆抗体制备

为获得分泌抗人β-actin蛋白单克隆抗体（McAb）的杂交瘤细胞,通过在大肠杆菌中原核表达人β-actin蛋白,以纯化的人β-actin蛋白作为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠。经过细胞的融合及筛选获得1株能稳定分泌抗人β-actin蛋白McAb的杂交瘤细胞,命名为2B4。采用间接ELISA和Western blot方法对McAb的特异性、稳定性和适用范围进行鉴定。结果显示：蛋白的相对分子质量为43 kDa,可溶于8 mol/L尿素;杂交瘤细胞上清的抗体效价为1×10^5,腹水的抗体效价为1×10^7;间接ELISA结果表明,杂交瘤细胞在体外传20代或液氮冻存3个月后,分泌的抗体效价不变;37℃保存24 h后,抗体的效价开始下降。Western blot结果显示,单克隆抗体识别人、鼠、兔和鱼的β-actin蛋白,与其发生特异性反应。2B4分泌的单克隆抗体可以广泛的应用于细胞生物学和免疫学试验,具有良好的应用价值。