The p53 isoforms are differentially modified by Mdm2

The discovery that the single p53 gene encodes several different p53 protein isoforms has initiated a flurry of research into the function and regulation of these novel p53 proteins. Full-length p53 protein level is primarily regulated by the E3-ligase Mdm2, which promotes p53 ubiquitination and degradation. Here, we report that all of the novel p53 isoforms are ubiquitinated and degraded to varying degrees in an Mdm2-dependent and -independent manner, and that high-risk human papillomavirus can degrade some but not all of the novel isoforms, demonstrating that full-length p53 and the p53 isoforms are differentially regulated. In addition, we provide the first evidence that Mdm2 promotes the NEDDylation of p53β. Altogether, our data indicates that Mdm2 can distinguish between the p53 isoforms and modify them differently.     

Functional analysis of a miRNA‐like small RNA derived from Bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus

Bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV) is a major pathogen of the economic insect silkworm, Bombyx mori. Virus‐encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proven to play important roles in host–pathogen interactions. In this study we identified a BmCPV‐derived miRNA‐like 21 nt small RNA, BmCPV‐miR‐1, from the small RNA deep sequencing of BmCPV‐infected silkworm larvae by stem‐loop quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) and investigated its functions with qPCR and lentiviral expression systems. Bombyx mori inhibitor of apoptosis protein (BmIAP) gene was predicted by both target prediction software miRanda and Targetscan to be one of its target genes with a binding site for BmCPV‐miR‐1 at the 5′ untranslated region. It was found that the expression of BmCPV‐miR‐1 and its target gene BmIAP were both up‐regulated in BmCPV‐infected larvae. At the same time, it was confirmed that BmCPV‐miR‐1 could up‐regulate the expression of BmIAP gene in HEK293T cells with lentiviral expression systems and in BmN cells by transfecting mimics. Furthermore, BmCPV‐miR‐1 mimics could up‐regulate the expression level of BmIAP gene in midgut and fat body in the silkworm. In the midgut of BmCPV‐infected larvae, BmCPV‐miR‐1 mimics could be further up‐regulated and inhibitors could lower the virus‐mediated expression of BmIAP gene. With the viral genomic RNA segments S1 and S10 as indicators, BmCPV‐miR‐1 mimics could up‐regulate and inhibitors down‐regulate their replication in the infected silkworm. These results implied that BmCPV‐miR‐1 could inhibit cell apoptosis in the infected silkworm through up‐regulating BmIAP expression, providing the virus with a better cell circumstance for its replication.     

MALE PEACH APHID ATTRACTION IN THE FIELD BY SEX PHEROMONES1)

Abstract Field trials by sex pheromone of aphid to trap peach aphids Myzus persicae have been carried out in 1995 and in 1996. Suitable time and the effect of ratio of two components nepetalactone and nepetalactol to apply the lure have been observed.     

根田鼠静止代谢率特征的研究

通过实地测定分布于青海高原的根田鼠的RMR,发现其RMR水平明显高于与其体重相似的其它田鼠,而平均最小热传导值并不比后者低,说明可能是以保持高的RMR水平来适应高原寒冷气候的。同时发现,根田鼠以化学体温调节为主,以适应高原气温较大的波动。     

轮生钩藻的形态特征及其系统位置

十年前在云南省早泥盆世的地层中发现了轮生钩藻(Uncataella verticillata),限于当时的材料,其分类位置未定。本研究所用材料采自它的模式标本产地,化石植物保存良好,首次发现了着生在植物体上的雌性生殖器官——藏卵器。根据藏卵器和植物体其它部分显示的形态特征,本文修订了它的原始描述并对其系统位置进行了探讨,认为轮生钩藻是一种原始的轮藻植物,很可能属于直立轮藻目直立轮藻科中的一个成员。     

Construction and packaging of pseudotype retrovirus containing human N—ras cDNA antisense sequence and its biological effects on human hepatoma cells

N-ras is one of the transforming genes in human hepatic cancer cells.It has been found that N-ras was overexpressed at the mRNA and protein level in hepatoma cells.In order to explore the biological roles of N-ras in human hepatic carcinogenesis and the potential application in control of cancer cell growth,a preudotype retrovirus containing antisense sequence of human N-ras was constructed and packaged.A recombinant retrovirus vector containing antisense or sense sequences of N-ras cDNA was constructed by pZIP-NeoSV(X)1.The pseudotype virus was packaged ang rescued by transfection and infection in PA317 and ψ 2 helper cells.It has been demonstrated that the pseudotype retrovirus containing antisense N-ras sequence did inhibit the growth of human PLC/PRF/5 hepatoma cells accompanied with inhibition of p21 expression,while the retrovirus containing sense sequence had none.The pseudotype virus had no effect on human diploid fibroblasts.     

德巴利汉逊酵母的两个变种及其相关种的脉冲电泳核型比较分析

摘要:用CHEF(钳位均匀电场)脉冲电泳系统分析了德巴利汉逊酵母的两个变种及两个相关种的脉冲电泳核型。对每个分类群的染色体条数,染色体DNA的分子量大小范围及整个基因组大小作出了估算,结果如下:Debaryomyces hansenii(Zopf) Lodder et Kreger-van Rij var. hansenii具有6-7条染色体,分子量范围为1.2-2.6(个别3.5)Mb,整个基因组大小为I 0.6-14.9Mb;D. hansenii var. fabryi (Ota) Nakase et Suzuki具有7条染色体,分子量范围为0.7-2.4M b,整个基因组大小为12.0-12.7Mb;D. nepalensis Goto et Sugiyama具有6-8条染色体,分子量范围为(个别0.2)1.1-2.7Mb,整个基因组大小为10.6-11.0Mb;Candida saitoana Nakase et Suzuki具有10-11条染色体,分子量范围为0.6-3.6Mb,整个基因组大小为18.1-18.9Mb.本研究表明C. saitoana与上述德巴利酵母属的三个分类群在脉冲电泳核型上具有明显差异,而后三者之间在染色体DNA带型上却没有发现有价值的区别之处.     

Plant regeneration from protoplasts of hydroxyproline resistant cell line in Onobrychis viciaefolia

An efficient protocol for plant regeneration from protoplasts of hydroxyproline(HYP)resistant cell line of Onobrychis viciaefolia was established.In SH medium supplemented with 1mg/L2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid(2,4-D),0.5mg/L kinetin(KT)and 0.2mg/L naphthalene acetic acid(NAA),the division frequency of protoplastderived cells reached up to over 60%,and microcalli were obtained in 5-6wk.Upon transferring them on agar solidified MS medium plus 2mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA),shoots were induced.After cultivating them on MS medium with or without IAA,roots were regenerated.Chromosome number of all protoplast-regenerated plants examined were normal(2n=28).The protoplast-derived calli and plants grew vigorously on the medium containing 10 mmol/L HYP.     

马尾松毛虫的光周期反应

马尾松毛虫Dendrolimus punctatus Walker和油松毛虫 Dendrolimus tabulaeformisTsai et Liu都属于长日照型昆虫。它们的光周期反应却存在着明显的差开。马尾松毛虫初龄幼虫对光照时数虽然敏感,可是只有在整个幼虫期都处在短光照周期条件下才能维持幼虫的滞育。 而且, 幼虫的滞育强度明显较弱,解除滞育所要求的条件也不如油松毛虫严格。在较高温度条件下,幼虫的滞育更不稳定,一般仅表现为生长的短暂停滞和幼虫历期的相对延长。温度和光周期还可影响到幼虫的存活和性比。马尾松毛虫幼虫呈典型的浅滞育现象。正是由于这一特性,在环境条件的影响下,长江沿岸省份不同年份马尾松毛虫二、三代分化的比例才有较大的波动,这直接关系着当地的种群动态,也是当年当地高虫口区二代虫能否成灾的关键。     

蚕豆（Vicia faba L．）叶肉细胞中ABA的胶体金免疫电镜定位

利用胶体金免疫电镜定位技术对蚕豆叶肉细胞中ＡＢＡ定位的研究表明,在以ＡＢＡ抗体处理的切片中,叶绿体有大量的金颗粒标记,细胞质和细胞核也有金颗粒标记,但液泡和细胞壁中没有金颗粒标记。免疫染色前用胰蛋白酶处理可显著增强金颗粒标记密度,而不用ＥＤＣ固定或以免疫前兔血清处理的切片中几乎没有金颗粒标记。本实验为蚕豆叶肉细胞中ＡＢＡ的分布提供了直接的证据并说明了该技术是研究ＡＢＡ定位的一种可靠的方法。