脊椎动物球蛋白家族新成员--胞红蛋白

胞红蛋白(Cygb)是广泛存在于脊椎动物各类组织细胞中的球蛋白家族成员。Cygb为六配位体血红素单体蛋白质,能可逆结合O2、CO等气体配体,参与细胞内某些需氧酶反应。     

中国缺叉多距石蛾属六新种记述(毛翅目,多距石蛾科)

研究了中国毛翅目多距石蛾科缺叉多距石蛾属种类,并报道了其中亲缘关系较近的6新种,即端截缺叉多距石蛾Polyplectropus truncatufus sp.nov.,端突缺叉多距石蛾Polyplectropus convexus sp.nov.,斧端缺叉多距石蛾Polyplectropus dolabriformis sp.nov.,颚状缺叉多距石蛾Polyplectropus mandibuliformis sp.nov.,距枝缺叉多距石蛾Polyptectropus rectangulus sp.nov.,喙端缺叉多距石蛾Polyplectropus rostriformis sp.nov..新种模式标本保存在南京农业大学昆虫标本馆.     

中国角蝉总科部分昆虫马氏管分泌物“网粒体”的超微结构研究(半翅目:蝉亚目)

运用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜分别对中国角蝉总科18种昆虫(叶蝉17种,角蝉1种)的成虫“网粒体”进行了超微结构及合成部位研究.研究结果证实体表网粒体均合成于马氏管第三区( MT3)管壁细胞的高尔基体;这些网粒体可被分为4种类型:小球形网粒体(SB)、棒状网粒体(RB)、多室大球形网粒体( LMB)及少室大球形网粒...     

麋鹿人工授精技术初步研究

为了为麋鹿的人工繁殖提供理论基础,2007年7月～2009年6月对麋鹿人工授精技术进行了研究.2007年7月,对5只雄性麋鹿进行了6次电刺激采精试验,成功率100%(6/6),采得的精液品质优良,采精量为0.7～4.0 mL,平均采精量(1.7±1.3)mL,平均精子密度(14.25±2.88)亿/mL,精子活力为50%～80%.2007年,应用孕激素类药物(CIDR)对6只雌鹿进行同期发情处理,采用定时1次人工输精,鲜精输精6只,受胎1只,受胎率为16.7%;2008年,5只雌鹿发情采用雄鹿试情,冻精输精5只,受胎1只,受胎率20%.这两只麋鹿孕期分别为288 d和268 d.     

白花牛角瓜根部的化学成分研究

从萝藦科植物白花牛角瓜的根部中分离得到了8个化合物,经波谱分析鉴定为1-O-methyl-guaiacylglyc-erol(1)、ω-hydroxypropioguaiacone(2)、C-Veratroylglycol(3)、Ficusol(4)、(+)-丁香脂素(5)、9α-hydroxypinoresinol(6)、对羟基苯甲醛(7)、尼克酰胺(8)。以上化合物皆为首次从该种中分离得到。     

霍氏啮小蜂的卵巢发育和卵子发生

霍氏啮小蜂是一些鳞翅目和双翅目昆虫蛹的寄生蜂。本文描述该寄生蜂从亚洲玉米螟羽化后0,6 12,18,24,30,36,42,48,54,60,66和72 h的卵巢发育和卵子发生过程。霍氏啮小蜂雌性生殖系统为典型的膜翅目姬小蜂类型,包括2个卵巢,每个卵巢通常有8-9根卵巢管,另有1对输卵管附腺,1个受精囊和1个受精囊腺等。卵黄和卵子形成于羽化后12 h,刚羽化的雌蜂不含成熟卵(成熟卵指数OI=0),成熟卵出现在羽化后24 h,成熟卵数量随后不断增加至数量较为稳定。卵巢管内卵数与雌蜂的体长和头宽呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.859和0.907。研究结果表明霍氏啮小蜂属卵育型(synovigeny)寄生蜂,本文还讨论了卵育型霍氏啮小蜂的卵成熟策略。     

有机稻田内不同生态措施对褐稻虱种群的控制作用

应用害虫生态控制理论和方法,以抗性品种、施用有机肥、种植对天敌具有助迁或保护作用的植物为基础,将稻田放鸭、薇甘菊(MikaniamicranthaKunth)乙醇提取物、现代苦楝油(MeliaazedarachL.)等各项生态措施,科学、合理地组配成褐稻虱Nilaparvatalugens(Stl)种群生态控制系统,研究其对褐稻虱种群的控制作用。结果表明稻田放鸭对褐稻虱若虫具有60.92%的控制效果,现代苦楝油200倍对褐稻虱种群的作用优于薇甘菊乙醇提取物1gDW·100mL-1,不同生态措施组合对褐稻虱自然种群的控制作用显著,但其联合作用效果与组合组分不成正比例增长。所组建的生态措施组合可将褐稻虱种群数量降至经济阈值以下,完全可达到持续控制褐稻虱种群的目的。     

Comparative transcriptome analysis of developmental stages of the Limonium bicolor leaf generates insights into salt gland differentiation

With the expansion of saline land worldwide, it is essential to establish a model halophyte to study the salt‐tolerance mechanism. The salt glands in the epidermis of Limonium bicolor (a recretohalophyte) play a pivotal role in salt tolerance by secreting excess salts from tissues. Despite the importance of salt secretion, nothing is known about the molecular mechanisms of salt gland development. In this study, we applied RNA sequencing to profile early leaf development using five distinct developmental stages, which were quantified by successive collections of the first true leaves of L. bicolor with precise spatial and temporal resolution. Specific gene expression patterns were identified for each developmental stage. In particular, we found that genes controlling salt gland differentiation in L. bicolor may evolve in a trichome formation, which was also confirmed by mutants with increased salt gland densities. Genes involved in the special ultrastructure of salt glands were also elucidated. Twenty‐six genes were proposed to participate in salt gland differentiation. Our dataset sheds light on the molecular processes underpinning salt gland development and thus represents a first step towards the bioengineering of active salt‐secretion capacity in crops.     

Comparison of adult mosquito community structure on various habitats

The community structure of adult mosquitoes was compared from New Jersey light trap collections in six different types of habitats in Citrus County, Florida, USA. From October 1998 to December 2000, mosquitoes were collected three times a week from the following habitats (swamps, swamps and freshwater marshes, pine fiat-woods, pine fiat-woods and scrub, salt marshes, and salt marshes and mangroves). Mosquito density was highest in the swamps and freshwater marshes habitat, with an average of 95.65 specimens per trap.Density was lowest in the flatwoods and scrub habitat, with an average of 14.38 specimens per trap. Species dominance differed among habitats. Salt marshes produced the greatest aggregation index, while pine flatwoods produced the lowest. Conversely, diversity analysis showed that pine flatwoods had the greatest diversity, while salt marshes the lowest diversity. Similarity indices indicated that the adult mosquito communities from pine flatwoods and pine flatwoods and scrub were very similar (0.8583). The adult mosquito community of salt marshes was different from that of swamps and freshwater marshes (the similar index was 0.0217).     

工业真菌高效产酶突变技术与高产机制

工业真菌是酶制剂的重要生产微生物,其菌种改良具有重要应用价值。综述了产酶工业真菌的应用、突变育种技术进展和高效产酶机制的分析策略,尤其是基于组学水平的基因组、转录组和蛋白质组的分析等,最后总结了高产机制在菌株改良上的应用。