Paraoxonase 1 polymorphisms L55M and Q192R were not risk factors for Parkinson's disease: a HuGE review and meta-analysis

Purpose

The Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) has been studied as a potential candidate gene for Parkinson's disease risk, but direct evidence from genetic association studies remains inconclusive. We performed a meta-analysis pooling data from all relevant studies in order to determine the effects of two PON 1 polymorphisms (L55M and Q192R) on Parkinson's disease.

Methods

We applied a random effects to combine odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. Q statistic was used to evaluate the homogeneity, and Egger's test and Funnel plot were used to assess publication bias. In secondary analyses, we examined dominant and recessive models as well.

Results

Concerning the PON1 L55M polymorphism, we identified 9 eligible studies (a total of 2582 cases and 3997 controls). The random effects pooled OR was OR = 1.29, (0.90, 1.84). Concerning the Q192R polymorphism, we identified 7 eligible studies (a total of 2582 cases and 3997 controls). The random effects pooled OR was OR = 1.08(0.81, 1.43). Analysis with dominant and recessive genetic models yielded the same inferences as genotype-based comparisons for both of the two polymorphisms.

Conclusion

The results of this meta-analysis suggested that both PON1 L55M and Q192R were not responsible for PD.     

冷驯化对中缅树能量代谢的影响

在 5± 1℃条件下对中缅树鼠句进行冷驯化处理 ,测定其能量代谢。冷驯化 2 8d后 ,体重比对照组显著增加 7 3 3 % ;整体能值达到 3 0 47± 0 46kJ/g (N =8) ,比对照组增加4 98% ;摄入能比对照组增加 3 6 1 7% ;同化能比对照组增加 6 6 2 % ;生长能达到 6 98±0 5 3kJ/1 0 0g (N =7)体重·天 ,是对照组的 4 85倍 ;维持能比对照组增加 6 4 0 % ,达到3 5 2 96± 2 8 3 4kJ/1 0 0g体重·天 (N =7)。以上结果表明中缅树鼠句在冷胁迫影响下 ,以增加能量摄入、能量储存和维持能和降低排泄能量的生理机制来维持能量代谢平衡 ,以此对策来提高低温环境适应能力     

血清S-100B蛋白和NSE含量变化评估脑损伤程度的意义

目的探讨颅脑损伤后血清S-100B蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平变化及其在损伤程度的临床意义。方法采用酶联免疫测定法检测90例颅脑损伤患者入院时及入院后6、12、24h和3、7天血清S-100B蛋白、NSE水平,并分析其与颅脑损伤严重程度的关系。同时选择30例健康体检者作为对照组进行比较分析。结果颅脑损伤后血清S-100B蛋白、NSE水平较对照组明显升高(P0.05或P0.01);重型组患者的血清S-100B蛋白和NSE水平明显高于轻、中型组患者(P0.05或P0.01);动态检测结果显示,血清S-100B蛋白在伤后12h达峰值(P0.05),NSE含量在伤后24h达峰值(P0.05),然后缓慢下降。GCS评分与S-100B、NSE浓度呈负相关(分别为r=-0.814,P0.01;r=-0.726,P0.05)。结论颅脑损伤后血清S-100B蛋白、NSE水平升高,其与脑损伤程度有较好的相关性,2种标记物水平对颅脑损伤程度有较高的评估价值。     

Real microgravity condition promoted regeneration capacity of induced pluripotent stem cells during the TZ‐1 space mission

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are reprogrammed somatic cells that gained self‐renewal and differentiation capacity similar to embryonic stem cells. Taking the precious opportunity of the TianZhou‐1 spacecraft mission, we studied the effect of space microgravity (µg) on the self‐renewal capacity of iPSCs. Murine iPSCs carrying pluripotency reporter Oct4‐GFP were used. The Oct4‐EGFP‐iPSCs clones were loaded into the bioreactor and exposed to μg in outer space for 14 days. The control experiment was performed in identical device but on the ground in earth gravity (1 g). iPSCs clones were compact and highly expressed Oct4 before launch. In μg condition, cells in iPSC clones spread out more rapidly than those in ground 1 g condition during the first 3 days after launch. However, in 1 g condition, as the cell density increases, the Oct4‐GFP signal dropped significantly during the following 3 days. Interestingly, in μg condition, iPSCs originated from the spread‐out clones during the first 3 days appeared to cluster together and reform colonies that activated strong Oct4 expression. On the other hand, iPSC clones in 1 g condition were not able to recover Oct4 expression after overgrown. Our study for the first time performed real‐time imaging on the proliferation process of iPSCs in space and found that in μg condition, cell behaviour appeared to be more dynamic than on the ground.     

利用定点突变分析白念珠菌依赖铁基因FRP1启动子元件

通过对白念珠菌高铁还原酶基因FRP1启动子进行突变分析, 确认启动子中特殊调控元件。我们通过分析FRP1起始密码子上游1000 bp序列发现在-160 和-650处有2个推测的Rim101p结合位点, 对其分别进行定点突变, 然后构建启动子与报告基因LacZ融合质粒, 转化整合到白念珠菌rim101-/-株和野生株中, 检测不同缺铁条件下b-半乳糖苷酶活性。结果发现碱性条件, Rim101p能够正向调控FRP1的表达; 启动子-160处突变对启动子功能影响较弱, 而-650突变使启动子活性大大降低, 此结果和双突变的结果相同, 表明Rim101p主要通过与启动子-650处结合位点相互作用来调控FRP1的表达。     

PI3K/Akt信号通路相关的生物学调控机制研究进展

PI3K/Akt信号通路是由酶联受体介导的信号转导通路,该通路不仅参与多种生长因子、细胞因子和细胞外基质等的信号转导,同时还参与细胞增殖、分化、凋亡和葡萄糖转运等多种细胞功能的调节,特别是在细胞凋亡、细胞存活以及调控细胞糖代谢等方面具有重要作用。本研究综述了PI3K-Akt信号通路的结构组成、通路活化、通信过程、调控机制及其生物学功能等方面的研究进展,为进一步研究PI3K/Akt信号通路的生物学调控作用机制提供启示。