生物组织光散射等效颗粒模型及Mie相函数计算

为研究生物组织的散射特性,将其从散射效果上等效为离散的球形散射体的集合,结合经典的Mie散射理论对生物组织散射相函数进行数值计算。计算结果表明:Mie散射相函数能够描述生物组织后向(大角度)散射光强振荡特性与等效粒径的对应关系,可为基于后向散射光的无创伤或微创伤诊疗提供理论依据;Mie散射相函数能够解释生物组织散射光空间分布与波长的相关性,为医学诊疗上入射光波长选择提供参考;合理选择集群散射体粒度分布参数,可实现对复杂生物组织散射相函数的精确描述。     

橄榄ISSR和RAPD遗传多样性分析和核心种质构建

为揭示中国橄榄(Canarium album)种质资源的遗传多样性,采用ISSR和RAPD标记对橄榄主要分布区的86份种质资源进行遗传多样性分析并构建核心种质。结果表明,基于UPGMA遗传相似系数,86份种质资源可分为3个大类;基于STRUCTURE模型聚类,可分为4个类群,这基本符合橄榄的地域性分布规律。采用ISSR和RAPD获得的中国橄榄种质资源的整体遗传多样性水平分别为0.284±0.169和0.244±0.163,多态性位点百分率分别为92.56%和100%,总遗传分化系数分别为0.127和0.142,基因流分别为3.423和3.025,群体间遗传相似系数分别为0.930和0.939,个体间遗传相似系数分别为0.736和0.732。因此,中国橄榄种质资源丰富的遗传多样性主要来源于个体间的遗传分化或变异,且这种遗传多样性存在明显的地域性差异。     

茶树原位转化方法的建立

解决茶树缺乏高效、稳定的遗传转化体系问题,建立了一种基于根癌农杆菌介导的茶树原位转化转基因方法,为茶树基因功能研究和种质创新奠定坚实的基础。以茶树品种‘铁观音’、‘白叶1号’和‘龙井43’的实生幼苗为受体材料,进行去顶芽和腋芽处理。利用根癌农杆菌菌液侵染实生苗伤口,通过抗性筛选获得再生芽,经分子生物学鉴定后,采用短穗扦插法获得茶树转基因植株。结果表明,再生芽中GUS(β-glucuronidase)和HYG(hygromycin)标记基因经多次PCR检测均为阳性,经测序验证PCR产物序列与标记基因序列一致。‘铁观音’、‘白叶1号’和‘龙井43’的转化率分别为8.14%、2.99%和2.53%。建立了不依赖茶树组织培养的原位转化转基因体系,具有操作简便、转化率高、成本低、试验周期短的特点。     

中华绒螯蟹卵巢和胚胎发育期脂类在卵黄物质中存在的形态及其变化

脂类在中华绒螯蟹成熟卵子中以两种形态存在,脂肪滴和卵黄体,前者为中性脂,卵黄体中的脂类主要是磷脂。Ｌ和Ｙ几乎充满足整个成熟卵子,且交互分布,开始它们间以许多致密小颗粒间,直到两者的分布无界限分割。     

拉曼被孢霉F5发酵生产γ—亚麻酸的实验研究

对拉曼被孢霉突变株F5发酵生产γ-亚麻酸的最适碳源,氮源,发酵时间及湿度,无机盐离子的添加,最适碳源浓度及补加碳源时间等发酵条件进行了研究探讨,最适发酵培养基组成为（g/L)：葡萄糖100,酵母浸出粉4,蛋白胨1,K2HPO41,CaCl2 1*10^-2,MgSO4 5*10^-2,FeSO4 1*10^-2,ZnSO4 7.5*10^-3,CuSO40.5*10^-3,MnSO4 2*10^-3,pH6.0,培养湿度为25度,140rpm 振荡培养10天,培养8天后（即收获前2天）补加5％葡萄糖,发酵结果为：DC24．59 g/L,TL10.84g/L,TL/DC 44.09%,GLA/TL10.67%,GLA产量为1156．63mg/L,GLA产量较初始结果提高156．15％,该菌株已达到工业化生产菌株要求。     

The Expression Level and Prognostic Value of Y-Box Binding Protein-1 in Rectal Cancer

The aims of this study were to simultaneously evaluate the expression of Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) in non-neoplastic rectal tissue and rectal cancer tissue, and to collect clinical follow-up data for individual patients. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the developmental functions and prognostic value of YB-1 in rectal cancer. We performed immunohistochemical studies to examine YB-1 expression in tissue samples from 80 patients with rectal cancer, 30 patients with rectal tubular adenoma, and 30 patients with rectitis. The mean YB-1 histological scores for rectal cancer, rectal tubular adenoma, and rectitis tissue specimens were 205.5, 164.3, and 137.7, respectively. Shorter disease-free and overall survival times were found in patients with rectal cancer who had higher YB-1 expression than in those with lower expression (38.2 months vs. 52.4 months, P = 0.013; and 44.4 months vs. 57.3 months, P = 0.008, respectively). Our results indicate that YB-1 expression is higher in rectal cancer tissue than in rectal tubular adenoma and rectitis tissue and that it may be an independent prognostic factor for rectal cancer.     

Sphingomonas gimensis sp. nov., a novel Gram-negative bacterium isolated from abandoned lead–zinc ore mine

A novel bacterial strain designated 9PNM-6^T was isolated from an abandoned lead–zinc ore mine site in Meizhou, Guangdong Province, China. The isolate was found to be Gram-negative, rod-shaped, orange-pigmented, strictly aerobic, oxidase- and catalase-positive. Growth occurred at 0–4 % NaCl (w/v, optimum, 0 %), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and at 15–32 °C (optimum, 28–30 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities showed that strain 9PNM-6^T belongs to the genus Sphingomonas, with the highest sequence similarities with Sphingomonas jejuensis NBRC 107775^T (99.7 %), Sphingomonas koreensis KCTC 2882^T (95.1 %) and Sphingomonas dokdonesis KCTC 12541^T (95.1 %). The chemotaxonomic characteristics of strain 9PNM-6^T were consistent with those of the genus Sphingomonas. The predominant respiratory quinone was identified as ubiquinone Q-10, the major polyamine as sym-homospermidine, and the major cellular fatty acids as C_18:1 ω7c, C_16:0, C_16:1 ω7c and/or C_16:1 ω6c and C_14:0 2-OH. The major polar lipids are sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatideylcholine, an unidentified phospholipid and four unidentified aminolipids. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain 9PNM-6^T was determined to be 69.2 ± 0.6 mol%. Based on comparative analyses of morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic data, and levels of DNA–DNA relatedness values, strain 9PNM-6^T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonas gimensis sp. nov. (Type strain 9PNM-6^T = GIMCC 1.655^T = CGMCC 1.12671^T = DSM 27569^T) is proposed.     

再引入黑颈长尾雉夏季栖息地选择

2008年6～7月,在广西岑王老山国家级自然保护区采用样带法对再引入黑颈长尾雉(Syrmaticus humiae)的栖息地选择进行了研究。共测定了7条样带上的22个栖息地样方和17个对照样方的24个生态因子。结果表明,再引入黑颈长尾雉的夏季栖息地偏向于选择海拔低、坡位低、乔木较低和灌木较高、落叶盖度较大、灌木层盖度大、草本高且盖度大的阔叶林、针阔混交林或者针叶林;逐步判别分析的结果显示坡位、草本层盖度是重要的生态因子,由这两个变量构成的方程在对栖息地和对照区进行区分时,正判率可以达到77.3%,这种选择与黑颈长尾雉的隐蔽条件和食物密切相关。