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甜瓜苦味物质严重影响其口感和品质。本研究利用不苦的薄皮甜瓜品系C69和苦的薄皮甜瓜品系C14构建了一个包含100个单株的F2群体。首先利用2b-RAD测序构建一个遗传连锁图谱。其次,结合群体的苦味性状进行全基因组的QTL定位和关联分析。然后,利用2b-RAD测序特有的技术优势进行群体的获得与缺失变异(PAV)的挖掘。最后,利用亲本的重测序信息确定控制苦味性状的关键基因。结果发现,F1的果实表现出强烈的苦味,F2群体中苦与不苦的单株分别为81个和19个,符合3∶1的分离比(χ^2=1.92,P=0.1659),表型表明所用甜瓜材料的苦味主要是由一个显性的基因位点控制。利用477个SNP标记构建一张包含10个连锁群的连锁图谱,总长为337.79 cM,标记间平均间隔0.71 cM。全基因组QTL定位在8号连锁群(对应9号染色体),检测到一个解释表型变异为20%的甜瓜苦味QTL。全基因组关联分析检测到7个SNPs与苦味性状相关,全部位于9号染色体苦味QTL的基因组区域。通过PAV分型分析仅发现一个特有的大片段缺失(21707702~21743072 bp),位于QTL区域,且在所有的不苦株系中存在,而苦的株系中不存在。基于两个亲本材料的深度重测序信息,发现这个PAV的区域更大,约为62 Kb,共涉及到9个连续的基因(MELO3C005601、MELO3C005602、MELO3C005603、MELO3C005604、MELO3C005605、MELO3C005606、MELO3C005607、MELO3C005608和MELO3C005609),其中5个是细胞色素P450基因。构建的系统发育树表明,这5个细胞色素P450基因与参与葫芦素C/B/E合成的细胞色素P450基因簇CYP81Q58、CYP81Q59和CYP712D8在一个进化枝,可能行使类似的功能,为潜在的类似于黄瓜葫芦素C合成的基因簇的一部分。前人通过比较基因组学研究获得的2个控制葫芦素B合成的bHLH转录因子CmBr(MELO3C005610)和CmBt(MELO3C005611)同在9号染色体,与本研究检测到的PAV紧密挨在一起。我们的研究结果为后续不苦甜瓜的育种提供了新的理论支撑和分子辅助育种目标。 相似文献
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S. ürük S. etiner C. Elman X. Xia Y. Wang A. Yeheskel L. Zilberstein R. Perl‐Treves A. A. Watad V. Gaba 《Engineering in Life Science》2005,5(2):169-177
Transformation of the recalcitrant melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars Kιrka?aç 637 and Noi Yarok was accomplished by wounding cotyledon explants by vortexing with carborundum prior to inoculation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The addition of silver nitrate to the regeneration‐selection medium reduced the transformation efficiency, as the percentage of the explants forming putative transgenic calli and bud‐like protuberances was decreased and no transgenic shoots were produced. Chimeric transgenic plants were obtained after the regeneration of putatively transformed callus, bud‐like protuberances, buds and shoots on selective medium with kanamycin. The treatments producing the most buds or shoots from explants after 30–40 days of cultivation were the most successful for the production of transgenic plants. Only treatments where explants were vortexed with carborundum produced transgenic melon shoots of either cultivar. Subculture every 18–20 days on fresh regeneration‐selection medium containing 50 mg/L kanamycin after either a relatively high (100 mg/L) or low level (50 mg/L) of kanamycin in the first regeneration‐selection medium was necessary for the successful transformation of cultivar Kιrka?aç 637. These techniques are now being used in breeding programs for the production of melon lines bearing resistances to zucchini yellow mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus, important viruses limiting agricultural production. 相似文献
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Comparative mapping of ZYMV resistances in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and melon (Cucumis melo L.)
Park Y Katzir N Brotman Y King J Bertrand F Havey M 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2004,109(4):707-712
Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) routinely causes significant losses in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and melon (Cucumis melo L.). ZYMV resistances from the cucumber population TMG1 and the melon plant introduction (PI) 414723 show different modes of inheritance and their genetic relationships are unknown. We used molecular markers tightly linked to ZYMV resistances from cucumber and melon for comparative mapping. A 5-kb genomic region (YCZ-5) cosegregating with the zym locus of cucumber was cloned and sequenced to reveal single nucleotide polymorphisms and indels distinguishing alleles from ZYMV-resistant (TMG1) and susceptible (Straight 8) cucumbers. A low-copy region of the YCZ-5 clone was hybridized to bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones of melon and a 180-kb contig assembled. One end of this melon contig was mapped in cucumber and cosegregated with ZYMV resistance, demonstrating that physically linked regions in melon show genetic linkage in cucumber. However the YCZ-5 region segregated independently of ZYMV resistance loci in two melon families. These results establish that these sources of ZYMV resistances from cucumber TMG1 and melon PI414723 are likely non-syntenic. 相似文献
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中国甜瓜种质资源形态性状遗传多样性分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
对我国各地257份代表性的甜瓜种质资源的20个形态性状进行调查分析,研究其遗传多样性。结果表明,7个质量性状(果实形状、果皮底色、覆纹颜色、覆纹形状、果肉颜色、果肉质地和种子颜色)和6个数量性状(果实横径、果实纵径、单果鲜重、果肉厚度、可溶性固形物含量和种子千粒重)差异明显,其Shannon’s指数分别大于1.00和1.50。所有种质的平均遗传多样性指数为1.09,不同地区种质资源遗传多样性差异明显,多样性指数高低次序分别为:西北、华中、华东、华北、东北和华南。主座标标分析(PCO)将所有种质划分为3个区域,即厚皮种质优势区、厚皮和薄皮种质混合分布区、薄皮种质优势区,不同地区的种质在PCO图上的分布差异明显,西北地区的厚皮甜瓜种质和华中、华东地区的薄皮甜瓜种质广泛分布于3个区域中,其形态遗传多样性比其他地区的种质更加丰富,支持了新疆地区为厚皮甜瓜次级起源中心、黄淮及长江流域为薄皮甜瓜初级起源中心的观点。 相似文献
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根据已报道的甜瓜CMe-ERF1和CMe-ERF2基因cDNA序列设计合成特异性引物,应用RT-PCR技术从甜瓜品种‘河套蜜瓜’成熟果实中克隆得到CMe-ERF1和CMe-ERF2基因cDNA全长编码区序列,分别为498bp和822bp.序列比对分析表明,得到的cDNA序列与已报道的Andes甜瓜相应基因的cDNA序列完全一致.果实不同发育时期实时定量PCR检测结果表明,CMe-ERF1、CMe-ERF2基因表达与甜瓜果实成熟及乙烯生成量显著相关,表明该基因可能对果实成熟起重要作用. 相似文献
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结合固相微萃取法(SPME)和气质联用仪(GC—Ms)检测薄皮甜瓜果实成熟时期不同部位中挥发性酯类物质和游离氨基酸的种类及含量的结果表明,果实中有25种挥发性酯类物质,脐果肉、中果肉、蒂果肉以及瓜瓤中的酯类物质种类分别为17种、13种、7种和13种,相对含量分别为71.67%、61.45%、51.46%和68.76%。果肉中共检测到12种游离氨基酸,脐果肉、中果肉和蒂果肉中游离氨基酸含量依序呈递减趋势,与总酯类物质和支链酯类物质的种类及含量趋势变化相一致。 相似文献
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在网纹甜瓜继代培养过程中加入不同浓度的AgNO3,测定试管苗糖代谢及抗氧化酶活性等。结果表明,玻璃苗果糖、葡萄糖和可溶性糖含量显著降低,而蔗糖含量显著高于正常苗;抗氧化系统发生紊乱,O2产生速率降低,H2O2含量下降,MDA含量增加,木质素含量降低。加入30μmol·L^-1AgNO,使玻璃苗蔗糖合成酶、蔗糖转化酶活性和木质素含量与正常苗差异不显著。说明适当浓度AgNO3有利于维持试管苗糖代谢正常进行,降低试管苗脂质过氧化程度,从而降低或抑制玻璃化现象的发生。 相似文献
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嫁接对薄皮甜瓜养分吸收、伤流液中激素含量和产量的影响 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
以薄皮甜瓜品种‘玉美人’作接穗,以白籽南瓜‘圣砧一号’为砧木进行嫁接,以自根苗为对照的结果表明,嫁接植株的南瓜根系主动吸收能力增强,其伤流量比自根植株的大,植株吸收氮钾的能力高于自根植株,而吸收磷的能力则有所降低。伤流液中玉米素(ZT)、赤霉素(GAs)和脱落酸(ABA)的浓度均低于自根植株,但ZT和GA的含量高于自根苗,而ABA的含量低于自根苗。嫁接植株的增产效果显著,其平均单瓜重和667m^2产量均高于自根植株。 相似文献
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According to the reaction of muskmelon line PI 414723, 22 natural isolates of Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus (ZYMV) were grouped into two pathotypes. When inoculated by isolates belonging to pathotype 0, most of the PI 414723 plants (over 70%) remained symptomless while few plants developed systemic chloronecrotic spotting and more rarely yellowing, stunting, mosaic and leaf deformations. When contaminated by pathotype 1 all PI 414723 plants developed systemic chloronecrotic spotting. Two variants were obtained from representative strains of these two pathotypes, able to induce yellowing, stunting, mosaic and leaf deformation on all inoculated PI 414723 plants. These variants could not be differentiated from their originating strains either by host range, serology or aphid transmission properties. Therefore they are regarded as belonging to a third group called pathotype 2. No relation was observed between the type of symptom developed on PI 414723 and the ability to induce a rapid wilting reaction of melon cv. Doublon (pathotype F). 相似文献
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Among the many plant mineral nutrients, potassium (K) stands out as a cation having the strongest influence on quality attributes that determine fruit marketability, consumer preference, and the concentration of critically important human-health associated phytonutrients. However, many plant, soil, and environmental factors often limit adequate uptake of K from the soil in sufficient amounts to satisfy fruit K requirements during development to optimize the aforementioned quality attributes. The objectives of this review are 1) to summarize published study abstracts on the effects of soil and/or foliar K fertilization as well as diverse K forms, on fruit phytonutrient concentrations; and 2) to illustrate the important role of K forms on fruit quality with a case study of Cucumis melo L (muskmelon) fruit produced with optimal soil applied K . The muskmelon studies will compare commercial sources (forms) of K applied to examine seasonal effects (spring vs. autumn) and the number of foliar K applications during fruit development on fruit marketability (maturity, yield, firmness, soluble solids, sugars, relative sweetness), consumer preference attributes (sugar content, sweetness, texture), and phytochemical concentrations (K, ascorbic acid, and β-carotene concentrations). Numerous studies have consistently demonstrated that specific K fertilizer forms, in combination with specific application regimes, can improve fruit quality attributes. Potassium fertilizer forms in order of effectiveness (Glycine (Gly)-complexed K?=?K2SO4?≥?KCl?>?no K?>?KNO3) when applied wet (foliar or hydroponic) vs. dry (soil) were generally superior in improving fruit marketability attributes, along with many human-health nutrients. The muskmelon case study demonstrated that two K forms: Gly-complexed K and K2SO4, combined with a silicone-based surfactant, applied weekly, as a foliar spray, during fruit development, from both autumn and spring-grown plants, had the greatest impact on improving fruit marketability attributes (maturity, yield, firmness, and sugars), as well as fruit quality attributes (human-health bioactive compounds K, ascorbic acid, and β-carotene). Among several foliar applied K salts studied under field conditions so far, salts with relatively low salt indices appeared to have the greatest impacts on fruit quality when applied during the mid- to late-season fruit development periods. 相似文献
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Hiroshi Ezura Hiroshi Amagai Isao Kikuta Mitsuru Kubota Katsuji Oosawa 《Plant cell reports》1995,14(11):684-688
Summary Plants were regenerated from adventitious buds and somatic embryos (R0) of melon (Cucumis melo L.), the cultivar Andes. Somaclonal variants of melon with low temperature germinability were selected from the progenies (R1) of R0 plants. Among 5,618 R1 seeds harvested from 23 R0 plants that were regenerated from adventitious buds 4 seeds germinated after 5 days of culture at 15 °C (selection rate; 0.07%). However, among 374 R2 seeds harvested from 2 R1 plants no seed germinated after 7 days of culture at 14 °C. Among 9,181 R1 seeds harvested from 50 R0 plants regenerated from somatic embryos 110 seeds germinated after 5 days of culture at 15 °C (selection rate; 1.20%). Among 3,717 R2 seeds harvested from 17 R1 plants 113 seeds germinated after 7 days of culture at 14 °C (selection rate; 3.04%). R3 seeds were collected from these R2 plants following self-pollination. Forty-five of the 47 lines (R3) originated from 10 R0 plants showed higher germination rates than that of the original cultivar. Selected lines with low-temperature germinability showed greater fruit growth rate than the original cultivar during the middle stage when they were cultivated in a greenhouse under low-temperature conditions. Of fruits harvested from 31 lines, 15 lines showed greater fruit volume than the original cultivar. 相似文献
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A physical map covering the nsv locus that confers resistance to Melon necrotic spot virus in melon (Cucumis melo L.) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Morales M Orjeda G Nieto C van Leeuwen H Monfort A Charpentier M Caboche M Arús P Puigdomènech P Aranda MA Dogimont C Bendahmane A Garcia-Mas J 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2005,111(5):914-922
Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV) is a member of the genus Carmovirus, which produces severe yield losses in melon and cucumber crops. The nsv gene is the only known natural source of resistance against MNSV in melon, and confers protection against all widespread
strains of this virus. nsv has been previously mapped in melon linkage group 11, in a region spanning 5.9 cM, saturated with RAPD and AFLP markers.
To identify the nsv gene by positional cloning, we started construction of a high-resolution map for this locus. On the basis of the two mapping
populations, F2 and BC1, which share the same resistant parent PI 161375 (nsv/nsv), and using more than 3,000 offspring, a high-resolution genetic map has been constructed in the region around the nsv locus, spanning 3.2 cM between CAPS markers M29 and M132. The availability of two melon BAC libraries allowed for screening
and the identification of new markers closer to the resistance gene, by means of BAC-end sequencing and mapping. We constructed
a BAC contig in this region and identified the marker 52K20sp6, which co-segregates with nsv in 408 F2 and 2.727 BC1 individuals in both mapping populations. We also identified a single 100 kb BAC that physically contains the
resistance gene and covers a genetic distance of 0.73 cM between both BAC ends. These are the basis for the isolation of the
nsv recessive-resistance gene. 相似文献
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Fernandez-Silva I Eduardo I Blanca J Esteras C Picó B Nuez F Arús P Garcia-Mas J Monforte AJ 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2008,118(1):139-150
We report the development of 158 primer pairs flanking SSR motifs in genomic (gSSR) and EST (EST-SSR) melon sequences, all
yielding polymorphic bands in melon germplasm, except one that was polymorphic only in Cucurbita species. A similar polymorphism level was found among EST-SSRs and gSSRs, between dimeric and trimeric EST-SSRs, and between
EST-SSRs placed in the open reading frame or any of the 5′- or 3′-untranslated regions. Correlation between SSR length and
polymorphism was only found for dinucleotide EST-SSRs located within the untranslated regions, but not for trinucleotide EST-SSRs.
Transferability of EST-SSRs to Cucurbita species was assayed and 12.7% of the primer pairs amplified at least in one species, although only 5.4% were polymorphic.
A set of 14 double haploid lines from the cross between the cultivar “Piel de Sapo” and the accession PI161375 were selected
for the bin mapping approach in melon. One hundred and twenty-one SSR markers were newly mapped. The position of 46 SSR loci
was also verified by genotyping the complete population. A final bin-map was constructed including 80 RFLPs, 212 SSRs, 3 SNPs
and the Nsv locus, distributed in 122 bins with an average bin length of 10.2 cM and a maximum bin length of 33 cM. Map density
was 4.2 cM/marker or 5.9 cM/SSR.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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Toshiro Oridate Haruhisa Atsumi Satishi Ito Hajime Araki 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1992,29(1):27-30
Significant differences in somatic embryogenesis from melon seeds were observed among 18 cultivars; especially, cultivars Earl's Favorite and Barnett which produced a large number of somatic embryos. F1 seeds were obtained by reciprocal crosses between cultivars. Some lines produced a large number of somatic embryos whereas others showed no or poor embryogenic response. Most of the F1 seeds formed somatic embryos. The frequency of somatic embryogenesis decreased as compared to the parents with the highest potential. Transfer of the frequency of somatic embryogenesis from superior responding cultivars to inferior cultivars was proved. It was difficult to determine the mode of inheritance of somatic embryogenesis because there was a large variation in the range of somatic embryogenesis from F2 seeds, and cytoplasmic effect was recognized in certain combinations.Abbreviations 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- BAP
6-benzylaminopurine 相似文献