Two new pyrazines from the parent roots of Aconitum carmichaelii

Two new pyrazines, aconicarpyrazine A (1) and aconicarpyrazine B (2), together with five known heterocyclic compounds: adenosine (3), uridine (4), hypoxanthine (5), nicotinamide (6), and uracil (7), were isolated from the parent roots of Aconitum carmichaelii. The structures of these alkaloids were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including 2D NMR techniques. This is the first report of pyrazines in a species of Aconitum.     

Two new iridoid glucosides from Gardenia jasminoides fruits

From the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides which have been employed as Chinese crude drug “Shan-zhii”, two further new iridoid glucosides, gardoside (8,10-dehydrologanic acid) and scandoside methyl ester have been isolated and their structures have been established.     

Two new iridoid glucosides from Ixora chinensis

From leaves and twigs of Ixora chinensis, two new iridoid glucosides, ixoroside (1) and ixoside (7,8-dehydroforsythide) (2) along with known geniposidic acid (3) have been isolated and their structures have been established.     

Two new iridoid glucosides from Osmanthus fragrans

Two new iridoid glucosides, 10-acetoxyligustroside and 10-acetoxyoleuropein, along, with two known glucosides, acteoside and phillyrin, have been isolated from the leaves of Osmanthus fragrans Lour and their structures have been determined.     

Two new acylated drimane-type sesquiterpene glucosides from Petrorhagia saxifraga

Two new acylated drimane sesquiterpenoid glucosides, saxifragoside A and B, have been isolated from the methanol extract of Petrorhagia saxifraga, a perennial herbaceous plant typical of the Mediterranean vegetation. The structures of these compounds have been elucidated on the basis of extensive 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses, including COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HSQC, CIGAR-HMBC, H2BC and HSQC-TOCSY, along with Q-TOF HRMS² analysis. As drimane glucosides have already been reported in other plants of Petrorhagia genus, they could represent a useful chemotaxonomic marker for this genus.     

Two new iridoid glucosides from Mussaenda parviflora and Mussaenda shikokiana

From the leaves of Mussaenda parviflora, two new iridoid glucosides, mussaenoside and shanzhiside methyl ester were isolated and their structures e     

Two new isoflavonoid glucosides from the roots of Achyranthes bidentata and their activities against nitric oxide production

Two new isoflavonoid glucosides, Achyranthosides A and B, were isolated from the roots of Achyranthes bidentata. Their structures were established through extensive analyses using ¹H, ¹³C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY, and HREISMS spectroscopic data. The structures of the new compounds are characterized by the methoxyl groups substituted on the specific positions of the phenyl rings. The two compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells. The compounds showed significant inhibition on LPS-induced NO production.     

Three new dinormonoterpenoid glucosides from pericarps of Myriopteron extensum

Three new dinormonoterpenoid glucosides, rel-(3R,4R)-3-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3,4-epoxypentane-1,5-diol-1-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), rel-(3R,4S)-3-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3,4-epoxypentane-1,5-diol-1-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), and rel-(3R,4S)-3-(1-hydroxy-2-propen-2-yl)-3,4-epoxypentane-1,5-diol-1-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), were isolated from the edible pericarps of Myriopteron extensum (Wight & Arn.) K. Schum. (Asclepiadaceae). Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic methods including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR. Dinormonoterpenoid glucosides were reported from Asclepiadaceae for the first time. Compounds 1–3 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines HL-60, SMMC-7221, A-549, MCF-7, and SW-480, but they did not exhibit cytotoxicity on the tested cell lines.     

Three new neolignan glucosides from the stems of Dendrobium aurantiacum var. denneanum

Three new neolignan glucosides (1–3), together with four known analogs (4–7), have been isolated from the stems of Dendrobium aurantiacum var. denneanum. Structures of the new compounds including the absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods as (−)-(8R,7′E)-4-hydroxy-3,3′,5,5′-tetramethoxy-8,4′-oxyneolign-7′-ene-9,9′-diol 4,9-bis-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), (−)-(8S,7′E)-4-hydroxy-3,3′,5,5′-tetramethoxy-8,4′-oxyneolign-7′-ene-9,9′-diol 4,9-bis-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), and (−)-(8R,7′E)-4-hydroxy-3,3′,5,5′,9′-pentamethoxy-8,4′-oxyneolign-7′-ene-9-ol 4,9-bis-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), respectively.     

Three new secoiridoid glucosides from Eustoma russellianum

Three new secoiridoid glucosides, eustomoside, eustoside and eustomorusside, have been isolated along with three known glucosides, sweroside, swertiamarin and gentiopicroside, as well as one unknown glycoside from Eustoma russellianum.     

Flavone glucosides with immunomodulatory activity from the leaves of Pleioblastus amarus

Three flavone glucosides, pleiosides A-C, were isolated from the leaves of Pleioblastus amarus, along with two known flavones: tricin and tricetin 3,5-dimethoxy-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectral studies. Pleiosides A-C were found to inhibit the proliferation of murine T and significantly stimulate the proliferation of murine B lymphocytes in vitro.     

Four New Diterpenoid Alkaloids from the Roots of Aconitum carmichaelii

Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine and an important source of clinical drugs, of which the parent and lateral roots are known as ‘Chuanwu’ and ‘Fuzi’, respectively. Four new C₁₉‐diterpenoid alkaloids, carmichasines A – D ( 1 – 4 ), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum carmichaelii, together with twelve known compounds ( 5 – 16 ). Their structures were elucidated via spectroscopic analyses, including HR‐ESI‐MS, IR, and NMR. Carmichasine A ( 1 ) is the first natural C₁₉‐diterpenoid alkaloid possessing a cyano group. Most of the diterpenoid alkaloids isolated were C₁₉‐category, which might provide further clues for understanding the chemotaxonomic significance of this plant. The cytotoxicity of the new compounds was also investigated against several human cancer cell lines, including MCF‐7, HCT116, A549, and 786‐0, and none of them showed considerable cytotoxic activity.     

1,4-Benzoxazine glucosides from Zea mays

One new benzoxazine glucoside has been found in corn and identified as 2-(2-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3[4H]-one)-β-D-glucopyranosid     

Eremophilane-type glucosides from the leaves of Ligularia calthifolia Maxim

Three eremophilane-type glucosides (1–3) along with three known congeners alticolosides A, B and D (4–6) have been isolated from the leaves of Ligularia calthifolia Maxim. (Asteraceae). The structures of 1–3 have been elucidated by spectroscopic analysis as well as by chemical transformations. A distinctive feature of the compounds 1–3 is the presence of an acetyl group in the glucose residues. The compounds were non-cytotoxic against human normal prostate cells as well as prostate cancer cells.     

Iridoid glucosides from Parentucellia Viscosa

From Parentucellia viscosa a new glucosidic iridoid, gardoside methyl ester, was isolated along with bartioside, aucubin, melampyroside, shanzhiside methyl ester and 8-epiloganin. The structure of the new glucoside was confirmed by its chemical conversion into 8-epiloganin.     

Iridoid glucosides from Melampyrum

Melampyrum arvense and M. cristatum contain, besides aucubin, 8-epiloganin and melampyroside, a new natural iridoid glucoside: gardoside methyl ester. In addition, M. arvense contains mussaenoside and M. cristatum mussaenosidic acid, another novel iridoid glucoside.