动物种群遗传多态性研究中的PCR技术

基因组DNA的变异是种群遗传多态性研究的基础。PCR技术可以在反应管内经济快速地扩增特定DNA序列，在动物种群遗传多态性研究中的应用主要包括三个方面：(1)种群遗传多态位点的检测；(2)基因定位或利用已经定位的单拷贝基因设计染色体位点特异的分子标记；(3)与DNA测序技术相结合，高效经济地获取特定基因座位的全部遗传变异。

The Application of the PCR Technique in the Study of Genetic Polymorphism in Animal Populations

Genetic polymorphism of populations is based on variation in genomic DNA. The PCR technique can quickly and inexpensively amplify the specific DNA segments to ample quantities for further genetic analysis. Therefore, this technique is appropriate to the population genetics study. The application of this technique in population genetics mainly involves the following three aspects: (1) PCR based molecular markers were widely used to detect the genetic polymorphic loci of a population; (2) locate gene in the chromosome, or screen some kinds of individuals with sequence tagged sites markers;(3)the combination of PCR amplification and DNA sequencing make it easy to obtain the nucleotide sequences of some specific genes.