基于DPSIR模型的长三角城市群生态安全评价研究

长三角城市群作为中国经济发展最具活力的区域之一,城镇化水平高,同时面临巨大的环境压力。以长三角城市群41个城市为研究对象建立DPSIR生态安全指标评价模型,利用熵权法与均方差决策法确定DPSIR权重,采用主成分分析法和综合指数法得到长三角城市群生态安全综合指数YDESI与生态安全等级。结果表明,长三角城市群41个城市依据生态安全水平可划分为4类。总体水平属于临界安全偏较不安全水平,上海市与江苏省生态安全情况较好,浙江省生态安全水平一般,安徽省生态安全情况稍差。DPSIR模型显示,驱动力与响应指标对长三角城市群生态安全建设有很大贡献。长三角城市群生态安全主要影响因素为农业发展、环境空气质量、环保投资、城市绿化建设。最终提出相应的策略:即提高区域人口素质、强调新型城镇化、加强城市群基础设施建建设,为长三角城市群生态安全建设提供思路与依据。

Urban eco-security assessment in the urban agglomerations based on DPSIR model: acase study of Yangtze River Delta, China

The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) Urban Agglomeration has been widely acknowledged as one of the regions with active economies while suffering high environmental pressure. This study established a Driving-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) eco-security evaluation model for measuring eco-security levels of 41 cities in the YRD. The weightings of all indices in the DPSIR model were determined by the entropy weight and the mean square error methods. The YRD Urban Agglomerations Eco-Security Index (YDESI) and eco-security levels of the 41 cities were calculated by principal component analysis and the comprehensive index method. The cities were then classified into four types by the eco-security level. The results suggested that the YRD region was at a critical value of the eco-security. Shanghai and Jiangsu Province had high eco-security levels; Zhejiang Province had a relatively high eco-security level; and Anhui Province had a worse eco-security level. The DPSIR model showed that Drivers and Response significantly influenced the eco-security of the YDR region. The main factors affecting the eco-security of the YRD Urban Agglomeration were agricultural development, ambient air quality, environmental investment and urban greening. Finally, this study proposed strategies for the YDR Urban Agglomeration by enhancing the regional population quality, new urbanization and infrastructure construction. The results provide more knowledge for the eco-security diagnosis and improvement in the YRD region and contribute to the development of an eco-security evaluation system for urban agglomeration.