气候变化与人类活动双重驱动的冷水湖泊富营养化

富营养化对水生生态系统造成的负面影响已在世界范围内广泛发生,尤其对淡水水源地湖泊的水环境质量影响深远,进而引起当地居民的饮用水安全与健康隐患。在人类活动和气候变化的双重驱动下,富营养化辐射的范围不断扩大,从过去主要集中于温带大型浅水湖泊已经扩展到寒冷地区的冷水湖泊。分析了近年来世界范围内高寒地区冷水湖泊富营养化的趋势特征与研究进展,探讨了气候变化、人类干扰(农业活动、畜牧业生产、管理措施不当等)在不同地区冷水湖泊富营养化进程中的作用。在未来的研究中,应进一步加强对冷水湖泊富营养化机制的探讨,并对已有富营养化症状的湖泊进行生态修复,以确保冷水湖泊生态系统健康并改善饮用水源地的环境质量。

Eutrophication in cold-water lakes driven by combined effects of climate change and human activities

Eutrophication has become one of the most serious threats to aquatic ecosystems in the world, especially to water quality of lakes as drinking water sources, and further posed negative effects on the health of local residents. With the combined drivers of climate change and human activities, eutrophication has expanded from shallow lakes in temperature zone to water lakes in cold areas (named as cold-water lakes). Trends, characteristics and research advances in eutrophication of cold-water lakes throughout the world were summarized. Besides, influences of climate change and human activities, including agricultural activities, livestock farming and misguided policies, on eutrophication processes of cold-water were also analyzed. In the future research, eutrophication mechanism of cold-water lakes should be further explored and ecological restoration is desiderated to ensure the ecosystem health of the cold-water lakes and improve the quality of drinking water.