长株潭城市群生态屏障研究

构筑城市(群)生态屏障是我国生态建设的重点之一。高速城市化进程中,城市范围、征用土地、人口数量、建设规模不断扩大,生态安全形势日益严峻,生态环境保护压力不断加大。长株潭城市群是国家"两型"社会建设试验区,生态屏障建设备受关注。在广泛开展社会调研、专项调查、专题研究、学术讨论的基础上,根据景观生态学和保护生物学的相关原理,通过对区域生态压力、需求、承载力的分析,借助RS、GIS、GPS等现代高新技术,科学区划长株潭城市群生态屏障的空间层级、结构、布局、功能区,明确了各功能区的建设方向、目标,提出了分区管理和分级保护等具体空间管治措施,规划2020年前保护建设工程项目。研究结果表明,城市群必须根据生态环境承载能力,按生态隔离组团方式科学布局城市空间,预留足够的生态基地,优先构筑稳固的生态屏障;按照主体功能区划和目标定位,严格管治和合理布局生态用地,加强部门规划统筹协调,依法严格保护森林和湿地;加强公共财政转移支付和社会融资力度,抓紧实施生态屏障工程建设,努力改善环境质量,维护区域生态平衡,努力实现资源节约、环境友好、提高城市品位和综合竞争能力的社会发展目标。研究结果可为城市生态屏障建设提供科学方法和依据,同时也可为全国其它城市(群)生态屏障建设提供参考和借鉴。

Research on ecological barrier to Chang-Zhu-Tan metropolitan area

Constructing of the city (group) ecological barrier is one of the focal points of ecological construction of China. With rapid urbanization process, urban areas, land acquisition, population and construction scale expand continuously, ecological security situation is increasingly serious, and ecological environmental protection pressure increases. The ecological barrier construction of Changzhutan(CZT) Urban Agglomeration has aroused much concern since the Urban Agglomeration was approved as an experimental area of Two-oriented Society. According to relevant principles of landscape ecology and conservation biology, based on the social research, special investigations, monographic studies and academic discussion, the pressure, demand and capacity of regional ecology were analyzed, the space level, structure, layout, function areas of ecological barrier in CZT city cluster were scientifically zoned by Modern high-tech as RS, GIS, GPS, etc., the direction and the goals of the various functional areas construction were defined, the measures of the partition management and classifying protection were proposed, the construction projects of protection planning before 2020 were programmed. The results showed that city group must arrange city space scientifically, and reserve enough ecological bases to build a strong ecological barrier preferentially based on the capacity of eco-environment, by way of ecological isolation group. In accordance with the main functional division and targeting, we must manage and arrange ecological lands strictly and rationally, strengthen plan and overall coordination in different departments, and conserve forest and wetland according to laws strictly. In addition, we must enhance public finance trans-payment and social financing efforts, carry out ecological barrier project construction earnestly, try to improve environment quality and maintain regional ecological balance to achieve the developmental goal of resource-saving, environment-friendly society with high urban quality and comprehensive competitiveness. The results may provide a scientific method and basis for urban ecological barrier construction, which also provide references for the construction of ecological barriers of other cities (city groups).