藏北地区生态与环境敏感性评价

藏北地区自然条件极为严酷,生态与环境非常脆弱和敏感。采用地理信息系统手段与综合评价方法,对藏北地区主要生态与环境敏感性问题进行评估,分析了土壤侵蚀、沙漠化和草地退化等方面的敏感性空间分异规律,指出了今后生态与环境建设的优先区域。结果表明:藏北地区土壤侵蚀敏感区占土地总面积的42.5%,主要分布于东中部区域;藏北地区沙漠化敏感区面积较大(占土地总面积的78.8%),主要分布在人类活动强度相对较低的西北部;藏北中东部和北部地区草地退化较为严重,尤其是藏北地区冰川与雪山及其周围等气候变化较为敏感区域和交通要道沿线等人类活动较为频繁区域的草地退化相对严重,对草地退化也比较敏感,是今后草地退化治理和恢复的优先区。

Comprehensive evaluation of eco-environmental sensitivity in Northern Tibet

Northern Tibet is the headstream region for the Yangtze,Nu(Salween River),Lancang(Mekong River),and their numerous tributaries and high mountain lakes.It is also a major livestock production centre in Tibet which is one of the nation' s five key livestock raising provinces.However,Northern Tibet is situated in an extremely harsh natural environment and hosts vulnerable ecosystems which are at risk from global climate change.Alpine grassland is not only the most important and largest ecosystem in this area,b...