云南三种稻蝗基因组DNA的RAPD多态性分析

应用RAPD技术对采自云南龙陵两交水和腾冲曲石马鹿冲的24头稻蝗进行了基因组DNA多态性分析,10条随机引物共产生129条清晰、稳定的谱带.基于Jaccard相似系数,用Between-groups Linkage法得出的聚类图与基于Nei's遗传距离分别用UPGMA和NJ法构建的分子系统树基本一致:供试的所有稻蝗个体分为3个聚类簇:龙陵两交水的3、7～8号个体与腾冲曲石马鹿冲(海拔1450m)的8个个体聚为一支,龙陵两交水的1、2、4～6号个体聚为另一支,两支相聚后与腾冲曲石马鹿冲(海拔1 550 m)的8个个体聚为一起.形态学鉴定表明:龙陵两交水的3、7～8号个体为日本稻蝗,1、2、4～6号个体为小稻蝗,腾冲曲石马鹿冲(海拔1450 m)的8个个体均为日本稻蝗,腾冲曲石马鹿冲(海拔1550 m)的个体为有待进一步鉴定的未知种.形态学鉴定结果与聚类结果完全吻合,充分展示了RAPD技术在区分近缘物种方面的独到优势.比较不同采集地的日本稻蝗、小稻蝗的RAPD分析结果,发现云南的这两种稻蝗在同物种不同种群中的遗传多样性最为丰富,从一个侧面显示出我国云南昆虫的物种多样性及物种内部丰富的遗传多样性.

STUDY ON DNA POLYMORPHISM OF THREE SPECIES OF OXYA FROM YUNNAN IN CHINA

DNA polymorphism of Oxya from Longling Liangjiaoshui and Tengchong Qushimaluchong, Yunnan, was analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, a total of 129 clear and stable RAPD bands were generated by 10 primers analyzed. The dendrogram constructed by between-groups linkage method based on Jaccard's similarity coefficientis good agreement with that construc- ted using UPGMA and Neighbor-Joining based on Nei's genetic distance of RAPD markers, the cluster analysis indicated all individuals were falled into three main clusters, three individuals from Longling Liangjiaoshui(3,7-8) and eight individuals from Tengchong Qushimaluchong (alt. 1450m, 9-16) clustered into one cluster, five individuals from Longling Liangjiaoshui (1-2,4-6) belonged to the other cluster, genetic relationship of the two cluster was close, whereas eight individuals from Tengchong Qushimaluchong (alt. 1550m, 17-24) have far genetic relationship with them. According to morphological characteristics, three individuals from Longling Liangjiaoshui (3,7-8) and eight individuals from Tengchong Qushimaluchong (alt. 1450m, 9-16) are O.japonica, five individuals from Longling Liangjiaoshui (1-2,4-6) belong to O.intricata, eight individuals from Tengchong Qushimaluchong (alt. 1550m, 17-24) are a special population with short front wing, might be a new specie. The results showed that RAPD is very useful as an effective mole- cular marker to distinguish the closed related species. Compared with other populations of O.japonica collected from Guangzhou, Nanning, Hangzhou, Xuzhou, Pingshan, indicated genetic diversity of O.japonica from Yunnan is the highest, so is O.intricata from Yunnan, reflecting diversity of the insect species and genetic diversity within species or populations of Yunnan.