西双版纳森林植被研究

西双版纳是世界生物学多样性保护的关键和热点地区,倍受国际学术界的关注。笔者依据30多年来对西双版纳植被的调查,结合植物群落生态学与植物区系地理学研究,并参考世界类似热带植被的研究成果,对西双版纳植被的分类、物种组成、群落生态表现和植物区系特征等作了系统探讨,还进一步分析比较了其与世界类似热带森林植被的关系。结果显示,西双版纳的森林植被共包括32个较为典型的群系,且分属于7个主要的植被型,即热带雨林、热带季节性湿润林、热带季雨林、热带山地(低山)常绿阔叶林、热带棕榈林、暖热性针叶林和竹林。本文对西双版纳植被进行的全面记录和系统归纳,可为科学研究、生物多样性保护和自然保护区的管理提供参考。

Studies on the Forest Vegetation of Xishuangbanna

Xishuangbanna in southern Yunnan is a global biodiversity hotspot. Based on physiognomic and ecological characteristics, floristic composition and habitats, the primary forest vegetation in Xishuangbanna can be categorized into seven main vegetation types and thirty two formations: tropical rainforest, tropical seasonal moist forest, tropical monsoon forest, tropical lower montane evergreen broad leaved forest, topical palm forest, tropical coniferous forest and bamboo forest. Due to conspicuous similarity in regards to ecological and floristic characteristics, the tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna is a type of tropical Asian rainforest. The monsoon forest in Xishuangbanna is a tropical deciduous forest under the influence of a strong monsoon climate and is considered a transitional vegetation type between tropical rainforest and savanna in physiognomy and distribution. The tropical montane evergreen broad leaved forest is the main montane vegetation type in the region. It is considered a distinct vegetation type from the northern margin of mainland southeastern Asia, controlled by a strong seasonal climate, based on its floristic and physiognomic characteristics. This article is a synthetic study on the vegetation of Xishuangbanna and the aim is to provide a reference for scientific research, biodiversity conservation and nature reserve management.