梅花花粉离体萌发和花粉管生长研究

(南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095)摘要:研究培养基成分、pH值和培养方式对梅花花粉离体萌发和花粉管生长的影响。结果表明:不同品种梅花花粉离体萌发的最适培养基为ME3+200g.L-1PEG4000(pH5.0),品种‘淡丰后’、‘久观绿萼’、‘喧妍宫粉’和‘月光玉蝶’最高萌发率可分别达到58.6%、60.6%、85.6%和50.7%。PEG4000能显著促进梅花花粉萌发,在培养基各成分中作用最大,不可替代。低浓度(50g.L-1)蔗糖对梅花品种花粉萌发作用不显著,而高浓度(≥100g.L-1)蔗糖明显抑制花粉萌发和花粉管生长。固体和液体培养对梅花花粉离体萌发的影响差异不显著。

Pollen germination in vitro of Mei flower

The pollen germination in vitro of four cultivars of Prunus mume were detected.The results showed that the optimum culture medium of pollen germination of P.mume was ME3+200 g·L-1PEG4000(pH5.0),at which the pollen germination ratio of cultivars 'Dan Fenghou','Jiuguan Lü'e','Xuanyan Gongfen','Yueguang Yudie'reached 58.1%,45.3%,84.5%,50.7% respectively.PEG4000 can remarkably accelerate pollen germination of P.mume,and the optimal concentration was 200 g·L-1.The effects of the sucrose on pollen germination was not prominent,only low concentration of the sucrose(50 g·L-1)can accelerate pollen germination of some cultivars(e.g.'Jiuguan Lü'e'),however,high concentration of sucrose would inhibit strongly pollen germination and the growth of pollen tubes.There was no significant difference between the effects of solid and liquid cultures on pollen germination in vitro.