苹果SRS基因家族的鉴定与功能分析北大核心CSCD

SHI-related sequence(SRS)基因家族通过介导激素变化以调控植物成花及生长发育,并且在适应环境胁迫中起重要调控作用。该研究基于苹果(Malus domestica Borkh.)基因组数据,通过生物信息学手段鉴定苹果SRS基因家族成员,并分析SRS基因家族特点与功能及表达情况。结果表明:(1)苹果MdSRS基因家族共包含11个成员,分别命名为MdSRS1-MdSRS11,不均匀地分布在苹果的9条染色体上。(2)MdSRS蛋白包含229~414个不等的氨基酸残基,等电点分布在6.38~9.36之间;亚细胞定位结果表明,MdSRS蛋白大多分布于细胞膜,在细胞核、叶绿体中也有分布。(3)通过引入拟南芥、水稻、番茄及杨树的SRS基因进行系统发育分析表明,将11个MdSRSs分成5个亚族(A-A),在A4中分布最多。(4)顺式作用元件分析表明,11个MdSRSs启动子上游2 000 bp序列分布有激素、环境适应性和逆境诱导等响应元件。(5)荧光定量PCR结果显示,苹果MdSRS基因家族在盐胁迫和干旱胁迫下总体呈下调表达,在ABA胁迫后大多呈上调表达,是具有很大潜力的抗性候选基因,说明SRS家族对ABA调节等非生物胁迫具有调控作用。研究认为,SRS家族的11个成员均参与了调控干旱、盐及ABA胁迫多种逆境的响应,推测在实际苹果生产中对抵御不良环境具有重要作用。

Identification and Function Analysis of Apple SRS Gene Family

The SHI related sequence (SRS) gene family regulates plant flowering, growth and development by mediating hormonal changes, and plays an important regulatory role in adaptation to environmental stress. Based on the apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) genome data, this study identified the members of the apple SRS gene family by bioinformatics, and analyzed the characteristics, functions and expression of the conserved domains of the SRS gene family. The results showed that: (1) the MdSRS gene family consisted of 11 members, named MdSRS1-MdSRS11, which were unevenly distributed on 9 apple chromosomes. (2) The MdSRS proteins contain 229-414 amino acid residues, and the isoelectric point distribution are between 6.38 and 9.36, and the subcellular localization results show that the MdSRS proteins are mostly distributed in the cell membrane, and also in the nucleus and chloroplast. (3) Phylogenetic analysis by introducing SRS genes from Arabidopsis, rice, tomato and poplar showed that 11 MdSRSs were divided into 5 subfamilies (A₁-A₅), with the most distribution in A4. (4) The analysis of cis acting elements showed that the 2 000 bp sequences upstream of the 11 MdSRS promoters were distributed with response elements such as hormones, environmental adaptability and stress induction. (5) The results of real time quantitative PCR showed that the overall expression was down regulated under salt stress and drought stress, and most of them were up regulated after ABA stress. It is a potential resistance candidate gene, indicating that the SRS family is ABA regulated and other abiotic genes. Stress has a regulatory effect. The research shows that 11 members of the SRS family are involved in regulating the response to various adversities such as drought, salt and ABA stress, providing a theoretical basis for apple to withstand adverse environments.