子午岭马栏林区主要森林群落的稳定性分析

选用构成群落稳定性指标体系的10项相关指标,采用Godron稳定性测定方法、主成分分析法以及Shan-non-Weiner物种多样性指数研究了子午岭马栏林区主要森林群落的稳定性状况及其与环境和群落生态特征间的关系。结果显示:(1)群落物种的总体多样性是白桦林>天然油松林>辽东栎林;而群落稳定性则表现为辽东栎林>天然油松林>白桦林;(2)各群落中影响主成分的主要因素均包含物种多样性因子和生活史阶段因子。表明物种多样性指数虽然是群落稳定性的重要影响因子,但由于存在其它因子的相互作用,不能单纯以群落物种多样性指数判断某具体群落的稳定性,必须在此基础上结合群落优势种群的年龄结构才能比较真实地评价群落的稳定性状态。

Stability Analysis of Major Communities in Malan Forest Region of Ziwuling Mountain

Ten correlative indexes such as Shannon-Weiner index of the arbor,shrub and herbaceous,the quantity proportion of seedling,saplings and adults,humus thickness,and so on,which could describe the community stability,were chosen in order to reveal the relationship between stability and some characters of community.The results showed that(1) the species diversity of Betula platyphylla community is the highest and the Quercus liaotungensis community is the lowest,while,the Q.liaotungensis community is the steadiest and the Betula platyphylla community is the worst steady in all of the arbor communities;(2)Species diversity and life stage are both the importantly influent factors in the each principle components analysis of communities.The stability of the Q.liaotungensis community which is the climatic climax in Ziwuling Mountain is the highest and the Shannon-Weiner index is the most important factor.However,because of the interaction of other factors,we couldn't ascertain the stability of community only according to the diversity index.The study displayed that it will be more exact to estimate the stability of the forest community by combining the diversity index of every layer structure with age distribution of dominant species in community.