宁夏枸杞雄性不育种质个体YX-1的发现与鉴定

从宁夏枸杞主栽品种宁杞1号生产园内发现雄性不育种质YX-1个体,本研究对其生殖发育进行了进一步的实验验证,结果表明:YX-1植株花柱超长,柱头高于雄蕊;雄蕊花丝较短,花药外形正常且花药开裂,但无花粉粒散出,染色实验未见着色的花粉粒;强制自交结实率为0,异花人工授粉座果率为100%,成熟鲜果平均单果重为宁杞1号的180%以上;经花药发育及小孢子发生过程观察,YX-1败育主要发生在四分体时期,表现为四分体无法正常释放形成单核花粉粒,绒毡层细胞径向伸长和液泡化,之后延迟解体而整体脱落.初步研究结果表明YX-1种质表现雄性不育且杂种优势明显,具有良好的利用前景.

Discovery and Identification of Male Sterility Lycium barbarum Germplasm YX-1

There was male sterility Lycium barbarum germplasm YX-1 discovered in the production farm of 'Ningqi 1',a Lycium barbarum variety being dominatingly adopted in Ningxia,and its development and reproduction were further studied.It was shown that YX-1 plants had long stamen-overtopped styles and short-filament pistils whose anthers had a normal shape and dehisced but dispersed no pollens and acetic carmine staining indicated that no pollens were stained.Its forced self-pollination rate was zero,its cross-pollination rate was 100%,and its fresh weights of its mature fruits are more than 180% of those of the fruits of'Ningqi 1';anther and microsporogenesis observations showed that in YX-1 anther abortion mainly took place at tetrad stage because the tetrads could not release uninucleate pollens and the tapetum cells elongated in a radial manner and become vacuolated and then shed off as whole by postponing their disintegration.It was preliminarily shown that YX-1 was a male sterility germplasm and presented strong heterosis,so that it would have a bright prospect of utilization.