缺铁和矫治缺铁对梨树叶片结构的影响

通过对不同缺铁黄化程度的酥梨叶片进行解剖结构分析和矫治缺铁后叶片解剖结构的恢复情况的研究，结果表明，缺铁黄化使叶片厚度，叶肉厚度，栅栏组织厚度，栅栏组织／海绵组织的比值均明显下降；栅栏组织细胞排列疏松，细胞变短甚至断裂成块状，叶绿体数量明显减少甚至无，并出现解体细胞；栅栏组织与海绵组织界限模糊，海绵组织细胞排列变密；维管束的导管口径变小，维管束鞘和韧皮部的细胞番红染色加重。进行缺铁黄化矫治后，叶片结构恢复正常。这些结构的变化，可作为梨树缺铁诊断和矫治的指标。

Effect of iron deficiency and correcting on structure of pear leaf

By means of analyzing structure of pear leaf according to the degree of chlorotic leaf and its restoration by correcting the iron chlorosis.The result showed that the iron deficiency reduced the thickness of leaf,mesophyll and palisad tissue.Palisad tissue/spongy tissue became small in the chlorotic leaf.The palisad cell arranged loosely,became shorter and even deformed lump.The amount of chloroplast reduced obviously and even decreased to no chloroplast.The disorganization cell increased.The dividing line of palisad tissue and spongy tissue became indefinite.The spongy cell arranged densely.The vascular bundle sheat and the phloem were colored more red.The leaf regained normal structure after correcting iron deficiency.The results indicated that the changes of structure are important for identifying iron deficiency states and correcting it in pear trees.