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子午岭天然林与人工林群落特征比较研究
引用本文:李裕元,郑纪勇,邵明安.子午岭天然林与人工林群落特征比较研究[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(12):2447-2456.
作者姓名:李裕元  郑纪勇  邵明安
作者单位:1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京,100101;中国科学院水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西,杨陵,712100
2. 中国科学院水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西,杨陵,712100
基金项目:国家重点基础研究与发展规划项目(2002CB111502);国家自然科学基金(40371074,90502006);中国博士后科学基金项目(2003033023)
摘    要:采用标准样地调查法对比研究了黄土高原子午岭地区人工刺槐林、人工油松林与天然林山杨林、白桦林与辽东栎林的群落特征。结果表明,人工林与天然演替森林(山杨林与自桦林)均具有较丰富的物种组成,为62种左右,而天然顶极森林(辽东栎林)的物种数量则相对较少,为48种。人工林与天然林空间层次分化明显,而且还有一定数量的层间藤本植物。从群落结构的空间格局来看,人工油松林与天然林乔木层与灌木层发育较好,但人工刺槐林的草本层发育较好。人工林的植物多样性主要体现在草本层,而天然林乔木层与灌木层也具有相对较高的多样性。以天然辽东栎林为参照,群落物种组成相似性的比较结果表明,人工刺槐林与天然林的相似性较低,其相似性指数(IS)为19.4,而人工油松林与天然林的相似性则较高,IS值为43.4,甚至高于天然白桦林(33.3)与山杨林(42.9)。因此,相比较而言,油松比刺槐更适合作为黄土高原子午岭地区的人工造林树种。

关 键 词:人工林  天然林  群落特征  植物多样性  相似性  黄土高原  子午岭
文章编号:1000-4025(2005)12-2447-10
收稿时间:04 29 2005 12:00AM
修稿时间:2005-04-292005-11-09

Comparison of the Attributes of Natural Forests and Plantations in Ziwuling Mountain
LI Yu-yuan,ZHENG Ji-yong,SHAO Ming-an.Comparison of the Attributes of Natural Forests and Plantations in Ziwuling Mountain[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2005,25(12):2447-2456.
Authors:LI Yu-yuan  ZHENG Ji-yong  SHAO Ming-an
Institution:1 Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes,lnstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101 ,China;2 State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservatlon,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China
Abstract:The attributes of Robinia pseudoacacia,Pinus tabulaeformis plantations and natural Populus davidiana,Betula platyphylla and Quercus liaotungensis forests in Ziwuling Mountain of the Loess Plateau were comparatively studied by standard quadrat method.The results indicated that both the plantations and the forests of natural succession (the P.davidiana and B.platyphylla forests) were diverse in species consisting of about 62 species and the natural climax forest (Q.liaotungensis) was less diverse in species consisting of 48 species.The plantations and natural forests clearly differentiate into special layers and contained a certain number of interbeded lianas.From the angle of spatial structural pattern,the P.tabulaeformis plantations and natural forests presented well-developed arborous and shrub layers while the R.pseudoacacia forests had well-developped herbal layers.The plantation appeared diverse mainly in the herbal layers and the natural forests also presented a high diversity in the arborous and shrub layers.the similarity comparison of the population species with the natural Q.liaotungensis forests as the controls showed that the R.pseudoacacia plantations and the natural forests were weakly similar with their similarity index (I_s) at 19.1,but the P.tabulaeformis plantations and the natural forests were highly similar with their similarity index (I_s) at 43.3,and even their similarity was higher than the similarities to the natural B.platyphylla forests (33.3) and the P.davidiana forests (42.9).As a result,comparatively speaking,P.tabulaeformis is more suitable for the afforestation in Ziwuling Mountain of the loess plateau than R.pseudoacacia.
Keywords:plantation  natural forest  population attribute  plant diversity  similarity  loess plateau  Ziwuling Mountain
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