现代中国人体质特征及其类型的分析

文章运用多元分析方法,分析了十六个地区的汉族和廿五个少数民族的体质特征,提出现代中国人的体质特征明显分为两大地区类型,即长江以北的为北部类型和长江以南的为南部类型。并且认为两大类型体征的形成始于我国文化发达的新石器时代.

AN ANALYSIS OF THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERN CHINESE

A survey on the physical characteristics of modern Chinese was carried out in Han na-tionality and 11 minolity nationalities in 16 regions of China in 1979-1980. 10997 adults (in-cluding 8851 males and 3103 females) from 20 to 60 years old were measured. The cluster analysis and the principle component analysis are used here. Judging from the dendrogram of male and the scattergrams of both sexes, the physical characteristics of modren Chinese can be divided into two types: the northern type and the southern type. The northern type is mainly distributed in a wide area to the north of the Yangtze River. The population consits of Han and minolity nationalities living in North, Northeast and Northwest China, as well as Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The southern type is distributed in the area south of the Yangtze River. The popula-tion of this type consists of Han and minolity nationalities living in South China, Southwest China, as well as Taiwan and Hainan Islands. In comparison with the northern type, the head of the southern type has a longer sagittal dimension, moderate transverse dimension, narrower bigonial breadth, lower facial height, lo-wer and broader nose and shorter stature. The Mongolian fold is usually absent and the di-rection of the eye aperture is horizontal in most cases. It has a broader eye opening and a thicker red lip. The results from the cluster analysis and the principle component analysis coincide with that from the analysis of the immunoglobulin Gm factor in forty populations of Chinese as gi-ven by Zhao (1987). It might be suggested that two types of modern Chinese in physical characteristics have existed since the neolithic period in China.