人胎视网膜SOD免疫阳性细胞的发育与细胞凋亡

选择不同胎龄的人胎18例，用免疫细胞化学ABC法和TUNEL法观察人胎视网膜超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）免疫阳性细胞的发育和细胞凋亡。结果显示；（1）E15w节细胞层开始出现SOD免疫阳性细胞，E20w和E28wSOD免疫阳性细胞排列较整齐，分布于视网膜的外核层，内核层，节细胞层；E40wSOD免疫阳性细胞主要集中于视网膜的外核层，内核层，节细胞层，其数量增多，特别是内核层SOD免疫阳性细胞增多明显。（2）TUNEL法标记的视网膜凋亡细胞胞核具有指环状典型的凋亡特征，E12w人胎视网膜未见凋亡细胞，E15w,E17w凋亡细胞较多，大小不一，分布于视网膜的全层；E20w凋亡细胞主要集中在内核层，数量减少，E28w凋亡细胞仅见于内核层，胞核呈指环样外观，着色较深，但数量较E20w进一步减少；E40w视网膜全层未见凋亡细胞。结果提示，E28w视网膜SOD抗氧化酶系，光感受的基本结构初步发育成熟，其抗氧化保护作用可能主要来源于内核层的SOD免疫阳性细胞。

SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE IMMUNOPOSITIVE CELLS AND APOPTOSIS IN HUMAN FETAL RETINA

To observe the develompent and the apoptosis of superoxide dismutase (SOD) immunopositive cells in the human fetal retina, 18 human fetal retinas of gestation ages were analysed by using immunocytochemical ABC technique and TUNEL method The Results were as follows: (1) SOD immunopositive cells were first observed in the ganglion cell layer at E15w At E20w and E28w, they were seen arranged regularly in the outer inner neuclear layers as well as ganglion cell layer At E40w, they were mainly located in these 3 Layers, and the number of the positive cells, especially in inner neuclear layer, the increased significantly (2) Apoptotic cells in human fetal retina were present in most of the developing stages, except at E12w and E40w At E15w they were abundant in the whole retina, at E20w they were mainly detected the gestation in the inner nuclear layer; and at E28w they were only seen in the inner nuclear layer Along with ages, the number of apoptotic cells were decreased The results suggest that SOD immunopositive cells in the inner neuclear layer may be the main source of SOD in retina, which could perfectly protect the retina by anti oxidation, and that the basic structure of retina may be matured at E28w.