基于红外相机对四川千佛山国家级自然保护区兽类及鸟类多样性的初步调查

生物多样性编目是保护区管理和科研的基础性工作。2016年7月—2017年6月,利用红外相机调查四川千佛山国家级自然保护区内的兽类和鸟类多样性。调查期内共布设20个监测位点,累计3 333个相机监测日,获得照片2 355张,视频1 867段,独立有效记录共计436次,共鉴定出兽类4目10科17种和鸟类2目8科18种,其中,国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物3种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物8种,被世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)红色名录列为濒危(EN) 1种、易危(VU) 5种和近危(NT) 1种。调查中发现岷山山系的新记录1种:灰翅鸫Turdus boulboul。兽类相对丰富度指数(RAI)从高到低依次是川金丝猴Rhinopithecus roxellanae(2. 37)、毛冠鹿Elaphodus cephalophus(1. 83)、野猪Sus scrofa(1. 17)、岩松鼠Sciurotamias davidianus(1. 02)、赤麂Muntiacus vaginalis(0. 21); RAI最高的鸟类是鸡形目Galliformes,如红腹锦鸡Chrysolophus pictus(3. 21)和红腹角雉Tragopan temminckii(1. 05),其次是雀形目Passeriformes噪鹛科Leiothrichidae。本研究获得的兽类和鸟类数据是保护区生物多样性本底数据的有效补充,红外相机的持续监测将有利于保护区的长期监测和保护管理。

Infrared Camera Survey on the Diversity of Mammals and Birds in Qianfoshan National Nature Reserve,Sichuan

Cataloguing of biodiversity is a basic work of management and scientific research of nature reserves.From July 2016 to June 2017,camera traps were installed to investigate the diversity of mammals and birds in Qianfoshan National Nature Reserve,Sichuan.With an intensive survey effort of 3 333 camera days at 20 locations,2 355 photographs,1 867 videos and 436 independent records were collected.A total of 17 wild mammal species belonging to 10 families and 4 orders,18 wild bird species belonging to 8 families and 2 orders were identified.Among the detected species,3 species were class Ⅰ national key protected animals and 8 species were class Ⅱ national key protected animals.One species was evaluated as endangered,5 as vulnerable and 1 as near threatened by IUCN.In the survey,a new record of Turdus boulboul of Minshan Mountain was identified.Based on the relative abundance index( RAI),Rhinopithecus roxellanae( 2.37),Elaphodus cephalophus( 1.83),Sus scrofa( 1.17),Sciurotamias davidianus( 1.02),and Muntiacus vaginalis( 0.21) were ranked as the top most abundant mammal species.The wild birds with the highest relative abundance were Galliformes,such as Chrysolophus pictus( 3.21) and Tragopan temminckii( 1.05),followed by Leiothrichidae of Passeriformes.In conclusion,the resource status of mammals and birds in Qianfoshan National Nature Reserve obtained using the infrared camera technology can be used as a useful supplement to the traditional survey methods,and the biodiversity data obtained by continuous monitoring will contribute to the long-term monitoring and conservation management of the reserve.