我国草地螟的迁飞规律及途径

草地螟Loxostege sticticalisL.是一种重要的迁飞害虫,曾给我国三北地区的农牧业生产造成巨大的经济损失。文章在列举大量草地螟迁飞证据的同时,总结分析了成虫的迁飞过程及行为生理特征、迁飞途径以及在我国主要发生危害区的虫源关系。有资料显示,成虫通常在黄昏前后自主起飞,起飞的适宜温度为20℃左右。当成虫进入边界层后,便在距地面400 m左右的高空成层,并随气流运载至远处。黎明前后,成虫降落。脂类是成虫飞行的主要能源物质。在我国,越冬代和1代之间可能可以“互为虫源地”。越冬代成虫随西南气流迁飞至我国东北地区,在当地繁殖1代后,成虫可能回迁至华北地区,尽管目前还缺乏直接的证据。最后,还讨论了草地螟迁飞规律研究中尚待解决的主要科学问题。

The migratory behavior and pathways of meadow moth, Loxostege sticticalis in China

The meadow moth,Loxostege sticticalis L.(Lepidoptera:Pylaridae),is an important migrant pest of economical and food crops in the north,northeast and northwest of China.Great yield looses were resulted in due to the voracious feeding of larvae in the outbreak seasons.Migration is the major causes for the outbreak of L.sticticalis because it makes the population more difficult to forecast and control.Its migratory behavior and routes have therefore been the major focuses to understand the population dynamics and improve its forecast and control techniques.The empirical evidences,behavioral and physiological characters of migration through decade's efforts were summarized,and the trajectory,the relationship between the major outbreak and hibernation areas in the country were sketched out to satisfy the demands of knowledge for its forecast and control.The adults took off at the dusk when temperature was around 20℃.The moths were transited by the wind when they reached to the height around 400 m from the earth surface and began landing before the daybreak.The moths from the hibernation areas of north China were proposed to migrate to the northeast of China in spring.After bred for one generation therein,parts of the adult might migrate back to the hibernation areas again,depends on the current wind directions,but direct evidences were still needed.Questions remained for the further study of migration of L.sticticalis was finally pointed out.