中国大陆红火蚁防治费用投入变化趋势分析

红火蚁Solenopsis invicta自入侵我国以来已扩散到十多个省，对我国经济、生态和人畜健康等均造成巨大危害。为了降低红火蚁的为害，各级政府每年都投入了一定费用用于红火蚁的防控，但具体投入防治的费用尚无系统的统计资料可查。本文通过中国政府采购网、各省市政府采购网以及采招网等网站搜索2004-2020年各级政府对红火蚁防治药剂和防治服务的采购投入，分析了全国红火蚁防治费用、各省防治总费用、药剂采购投入、专业化防治服务以及监理服务费用的变化趋势。结果表明：各级政府在上述方面的经费投入均呈现出逐年上升的趋势，2019年投入的总防治费用达到高峰并超过1亿元。然而，与其它入侵害虫相比，用于红火蚁防控的费用仍较低，不同省份不同地区的费用投入差异较大，较少省份投入监理费用。建议各省市加大在红火蚁检疫方面的经费投入力度，做好红火蚁疫情监理监测工作，做到早发现、早防治，提高红火蚁防治效果。

Analysis on the control cost of Solenopsis invicta in mainland China

Solenopsis invicta has spread to more than ten provinces in China since its invasion, causing significant economic and ecological damage to human and animal health. Governments have spent a certain amount of money in the prevention and control of S. invicta annually to reduce the damage caused by fire ants, but there is a lack of systematic statistical data on the specific cost spent on prevention and control. Here, we analyzed the data in costs of fire ant''s prevention and control by searching the procurement investments of S. invicta control agents and services by governments between 2004 and 2020 via the websites of Chinese government procurement network, regional and municipal government procurement network, and caizhao.com. Moreover, the change patterns of national control costs of fire ants, provincial total control costs, control expenditure of drugs, cost of specialist control service and supervision were analyzed. The results showed that the investments of the government in these aspects increased by years, and by 2019 it had surpassed 100 million yuan. However, the investment costs are still low and the difference between provinces and regions is substantial. Only a few provinces invest in cost supervision. It is proposed that all provinces should reinforce their investment in the quarantine of S. invicta, to improve the supervision, monitoring of the epidemic situation, early detection to control S. invicta effectively.