陕西黄龙山林区褐马鸡繁殖季节中午卧息地选择

2006年5—6月,在陕西黄龙山腹地北寺山林区采取样线法对褐马鸡(Crossoptilon mantchuricum)中午卧息地的选择进行了研究,共观察到28个褐马鸡的卧息地。褐马鸡对林型、坡向和地理特征有明显的选择性,多偏向针叶林、山脊和半阴半阳坡,回避阔叶林、山坡、阴坡和阳坡。对中午卧息地坡位没有明显的选择性。褐马鸡中午卧息地具有坡度小、与林间道路与居民点的距离远、灌丛平均高度较低、灌木密度较小、草本均高较小、乔木层植物盖度以及草本层植物盖度较大等特征。对各种生境因子的主成分分析表明,前6个特征值的累积贡献率达到74.05%,可较好地反映褐马鸡中午卧息地生境特征。根据载荷系数绝对值大小将褐马鸡中午休息地生境选择影响因子分别命名为地理因子、隐蔽度因子、人类活动干扰因子和灌丛密度因子。

Noon-resting habitat selection of Crossoptilon mantchuricum in its breeding season in Huanglong Mountain forest area of Shaanxi Province

From May to June 2006,the breeding season noon-resting habitat selection of brown eared pheasant Crossoptilon mantchuricum in Huanglong Mountain forest area of Shaanxi Province was investigated with transects line method.A total of 28 habitats and 54 random plots on the 9 transects crossing whole study area were observed,and the results showed that C.mantchuricum had strong preference for vegetation type,slope direction and geographical characters,i.e.,preferred coniferous forest,ridge,and half sunny and half shady slope,but disliked broadleaved forest,slope side,and sunny and shady slope.No significant preference was observed for slope position.The noon-resting habitats of C.mantchuricum in its breeding season were characterized by smaller slope gradient,far distance to trail and village,lower average shrub height and density,lower average grass height,and bigger coverage of tree and grass.The principal component analysis showed that the first 6 principal components explained 74.05% of the total variance among all habitat variables.According to the absolute values of loading coefficients,the 6 components were classified as geographic factor,sheltering class factor,disturbance factor,and shrub density factor.