以完整细胞为靶子的SELEX技术研究进展

指数富集的配体系统进化（SELEX）是一种从大容量寡核苷酸文库中经反复分离扩增步骤得到针对靶分子的高亲和力、高特异性核酸配基——适配体的体外筛选技术。自1990年以来,SELEX技术得到了迅猛发展,筛选的靶分子已由最初的单一物质发展到完整的动物细胞、细菌病原体等复杂靶子。以完整细胞为靶子的SELEX技术有其独特的技术优势,可以在筛选细胞上特定靶分子未知的情况下进行筛选,为药物筛选、临床诊断、疾病治疗和基础医学研究等带来了新的思路和方法。随着对适配体研究的深入,尤其是纳米材料与其相结合应用,该技术将在肿瘤诊断治疗及微生物检测领域具有更为广泛的应用前景。

Recent Developments in Whole Cell SELEX

The systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichmentm（SELEX） is an in vitro technique involving the selection of nucleic acid ligands named as aptamers with high affinity and specificity against a certain target from a com- binatorial random synthesized oligo nucleic acid library by repeated rounds of partitioning and amplification. SELEX tech- nology has developed very quickly since 1990. The range of the selection targets becomes more and more complex, ex- tending from a single molecule to complex mixture including intact cells and pathogenic bacterium. The whole cell SELEX has a unique advantage in that it does not need a prior knowledge of target molecules of target cells, and thus brings new ideas and strategies to the drug screening, clinical diagnosis, disease treatment and the basic medical research. By combining new biotechnology with aptamers, especially the integration of nano material with aptamers, the whole cell SELEX technique holds a broad application in the diagnosis and treatment of tumor as well as in the detection of microorganisms.