菘蓝属植物的同工酶分析及其系统学意义

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，比较了菘蓝属（Isatis L.)5种2变种1多倍体品种及1外类群种共计20个样本的酯酶同工酶和超氧化物歧化酶同工酶的酶谱差异，并运用数量分类学的原理和方法对酶谱数据进行了聚类分析。20个样本的酯酶同工酶酶谱共有18条酶带，可分为慢带区（A区）、中带区（B区）和快带区（C区）3个区，其中A区的Rf0.09酶带为所有样本共有，而B区和C区不仅酶带数多，而且活性较强，并表现出很大差异。20个样本的超氧化物歧化酶同工酶酶谱有8条酶带，略有差异。聚类分析结果表明，20个样本被明显分成10组，与形态性状分类结果基本一致。利用酶带的有无、酶带的活性差异以及聚类分析结果，可以初步作出菘蓝属类群间亲缘关系的判定。

The isoenzyme analysis of Isatis L. species and its systematic signification

The zymogramatic variations of esterase isoenzyme (EST) and superoxide dismutase isoenzyme (SOD) of 20 sample materials including 5 species, 2 varieties, 1 multiploid in Isatis L. and 1 outgroup species ( Coronopus didymus J. E. Smith ) were analyzed with the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The zymogramatic data indicated that 18 belts of EST isoenzyme can be divided into 3 zones. All the species showed the enzyme belt at R\-\{f\} 0.09 in zone A of EST. While zone B and zone C of EST displayed many more enzyme belts of difference from each other with stronger enzyme activity. For SOD, 8 enzyme belts were found but with little difference in zymogram. The clustering analysis indicated that all samples were divided into 10 groups, which is in accordance with the morphological taxonomy of Isatis. As a result, the relationship and classification of these samples can be determined preliminarily by the number and the activity of enzyme belts of EST and SOD.