病原微生物对抗菌肽抗性机制的研究进展

抗菌肽(antimicrobial peptides, AMPs)是生物先天免疫系统的重要组成部分，可帮助宿主有效应对病原细菌、真菌和病毒等微生物的胁迫，被认为是医疗、食品加工和农业领域最具前途和潜力的抗生素替代物。病原微生物在与抗菌肽的互作中进化出了多种有针对性的抗性机制，本文从病原微生物对AMPs的感应与基因调控、细胞壁/膜成份的修饰、分泌蛋白酶降解及利用外排泵排出等四个方面综述了国内外的研究进展，并对AMPs类制品的研究前景进行了讨论与展望。

Recent Progress in the Resistance Mechanisms of Pathogenic Microorganism against Antimicrobial Peptide

As part of the innate immunity system of host organism, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) possess a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against eubacteria, fungi and eukaryotic parasites. AMPs are considered as one of potential alternates to the classical antibiotics in medicine, agriculture and food industry. The pathogenic microorganisms have correspondingly developed a defense system against the actions of AMPs during the co-evolution between the hosts and the pathogens. In this review, recent discoveries on the resistance mechanism of pathogenic microorganism against AMPs, including sensing and gene regulation, modification of cell wall and/or plasma membrane, degradation of secreted proteases, as well as efflux pump by transporter proteins are discussed. Further, the perspectives of future research on AMP productions were proposed.