我国体细胞克隆牛的研究进展

近年来，由于体细胞克隆技术在畜牧业生产、疾病治疗、生物学基础理论研究及濒危动物保护等诸多领域所蕴藏的巨大应用价值，克隆效率成为科学界研究的热点问题。本文对克隆技术的相关影响因素进行了综述，研究表明，不同细胞系影响到体细胞克隆牛效率，胎儿细胞和颗粒细胞重构胚的囊胚发育率、犊牛成活率比成年成纤维细胞高。关于卵母细胞和克隆胚胎冷冻保存的研究表明，玻璃化冷冻法可以用于克隆胚胎以及卵母细胞的冷冻保存。在此基础上，讨论了国际上哺乳动物体细胞克隆研究新进展和体细胞克隆的效率，指出体细胞克隆中亟待解决的问题。

The Study on Somatic Cell Cloned Cattle in China

Because of the important role of cloning technique in husbandry production, therapy of the disease, study of the basic theory and the conservation of animal resource, the efficiency of the cloning technique was becoming the present focus of the study. The factors related to the cloning technique were reviewed. The effect of different cell lines on the efficiency of somatic cell cloned cattle were different, the blastocyst rate, pregnant rate and calving rate of fetal cells and the cumulus cells were higher than ones of adult fibroblast. The study about refrigerant conservation of cloned embryos and oocyte indicated that the vitrification refrigeration method could be used to freeze the oocyte and the cloned cattle embryos. The new progress of the study on mammalian cell clone and the efficiency of somatic cell clone were also discussed, and the urgent problem in somatic cell clone was presented.