雌激素和孕激素对不同发情方式小鼠子宫内膜中孕激素受体分布的影响

目的探讨雌（Estrogen,E2）、孕激素（Progesterone,P4）对同期发情与自然发情小鼠子宫内膜中孕激素受体（Progesterone receptor,PR）分布的影响。方法45只同日龄雌鼠,根据处理方式的不同随机分为5组：自然发情组（对照组）、同期发情组、卵巢摘除组、P4处理组和E2处理组,5组小鼠在见栓后第4、6、8天分别取样后,采用免疫组织化学法观察小鼠子宫内膜中PR的分布变化情况。结果免疫组织化学染色结果显示,5个处理组小鼠子宫内膜的三种细胞中都有PR存在;同期发情组小鼠子宫内膜中三种类型细胞PR的表达与自然发情组差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;P4处理组小鼠子宫内膜中三种类型细胞PR的表达在见栓第4、6天显著低于卵巢摘除组（P〈0.05）;E2处理组小鼠子宫内膜腺上皮和间质中PR在第4、6、8天时都显著高于卵巢摘除组（P〈0.05）,而在腔上皮中则显著低于卵巢摘除组（P〈0.05）。结论同期发情处理与自然发情小鼠的子宫内膜上PR的分布,都受E2和P4的特异诱导而变化。

Effect of Estrogen and Progesterone on the Distribution of Progesterone Receptors in Mouse Endometrium in Different Estrus Status

Objective To investigate the distribution of progesterone receptors （PR）, induced by estrogen or progesterone, on the endometrium in between mice treated by estrus synchronization and those in natural estrus. Methods Totally 45 mice were divided into five groups： Group A： pseudopregnant group in natural estrus, Group B： pseudopregnant group in estrus synchronization, Group C： ovariectomy group, Group D： group treated by progesterone, and Group E： group treated by estrogen. On day 4, 6, and 8 after mating, the routine uteri were obtained to observe and analyze the distribution of PR in endometrium by immunohistochemistry. Results The progesterone receptors distributed in the three types of endometrium cells among all the groups. The positively stained cell number of endometfium in the group of natural estrus was significantly different from that in the groups by estrus synchronization（ P 〈 0.05）. On day 4 and day 6, the positively stained cell number of all three cellular types in the group treated by progesterone was much higher than that in ovariectomy group （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, the positively stained cell number in glandular epithelium and endometrial stroma of the estrogen-treated group was much higher than that in the ovariectomy group on day 4, day 6 and day 8（ P 〈 0.05）, but the positively stained cell number in luminal epithelium was much lower than that in the ovariectomy group （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The PR distribution in mouse endometrium by estrus synchronization and that in natural estrus, is mainly induced by their endogenetic estrogen and progesterone.