内蒙古库布齐沙地四种啮齿动物非颤拌性产热的季节变化

为了解非颤抖性产热在内陆荒漠小型哺乳动物适应性热能调节中的作用，1997年对库布齐荒漠沙地环境4种啮齿动物：三趾跳鼠（Dipus sagitta)、子午沙鼠（Meriones meridianus)、小毛足鼠（Phodopus roborovskii)和黑线仓鼠（Cricetulus barabensis)的非颤抖性产热季节变化进行了测定。4种动物的非颤抖性产热在秋季低温刺激下明显高于夏季，而且小毛足鼠和黑线仓鼠在秋季的最大非颤抖性产热分别高于春季14％和35％。典型荒漠种小毛足鼠的季节变化最明显，夏季最低。结果表明，生活在内陆干旱地区的动物生长期进化过程中，发展了良好的非颤抖性产热体温调节机制适应环境温度的季节变化。

SEASONAL CHANGES OF NON-SHIVERING THERMOGENESIS IN FOUR RODENTS FROM KUBUQI DESERT OF INNER MONGOLIA

To reveal the role of non-shivering thermogenesis(NST) in thermoregulaion for small mammals in inland arid environment, a comparative study of seasonal variations of NST was conducted on four rodent species in Kubuqi desert of Inner Mongolia in 1997. The four species were northern three-toed jerboa(Dipus sagitta), midday gerbil(Meriones meridianus), desert hamster(Phodopus roborovskii) and striped hamster(Cricetelus barabensis). NST was induced by injecting mass-dependent dosage of norepinephrine (NE). The oxygen consumption was measured by using Kalabukhov-Skorvstov closed circuit respirometer. The results showed that seasonal changes of NST was influenced significantly by ambient temperature. It was higher in autumn than in summer for the four species. The NST in autumn in desert hamster and striped hamster was also 14% and 35% higher than spring values, respectively. The typical desert species, desert hamster, showed a significant seasonal changes in NST and the lowest was found in summer. These results indicated that during the evolutionary process, the four species living in desert environment have developed perfect non-shivering thermogenesis mechanism to adapt the dramatic seasonal temperature fluctuations of inland arid environment.