Early-flowering Scots pines through tissue culture for accelerating tree breeding |
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Authors: | H M Häggman T S Aronen A -M Stomp |
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Institution: | (1) Punkaharju Research Station, The Finnish Forest Research Institute, FIN-58450 Punkaharju, Finland;(2) Department of Forestry, NCSU, Box 8002, 27695-8002 Raleigh, NC, USA |
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Abstract: | Scots pine plantlets were produced via tissue culture using cotyledons excised from germinated embryos as explants. The optimum tissue culture conditions were: 1/2GDbasal medium gelled with agar-Gelrite during shoot formation and with agar during rooting, inclusion of 5.0M benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.05 M naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for 2 weeks for shoot induction, and repeated 2.7 M NAA pulses of 1 week for rooting. Micropropagation success was genotype-dependent. Average multiplication rates varied among experiments from 3 to 15 shoots per embryo. The maximum shoot production from a single embryo was 35. Rooting was the most difficult phase in the propagation process. Most of the plantlets had a plagiotrophic and highly branched growth habit when growing in the greenhouse. Some individuals produced megasporangiate strobili at the age of 3 years and microsporangiate strobili with viable pollen at the age of 4 years. Early-flowering clones and the ability to conserve seedlings from which cotyledons have been cultured give new possibilities for accelerated tree breeding. |
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Keywords: | Pinus sylvestris Scots pine Tissue culture Early maturation Flowering |
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