中国生物多样性与保护:昆虫学家的观点(英文)

中国是世界12个生物多样性巨丰的国家之一，也是亚洲及太平洋地区生物多样性和特有性最高的两个国家之一。中国具有世界最高的山系和许多不同的生物栖息环境，跨古北和东洋两界。这些特征可用来说明其丰富的物种多样性和高特有性，迄今中国已报道的昆虫种类约为45000种。特有成分明显多于周边国家。特别是西南山地和热带地区，特有成分比例很高。人类干扰，栖息地丧失、森林减少和污染等迫使未知数目的种类处于濒危状态或已灭绝。本文提出了中国昆虫保护的建议，包括：鉴别优先保护对象，开展濒危物种的生物学和生态学研究，监测栖息地和多样性的丧失，编制珍稀和濒危物种“红色名录”和数据库，建立昆虫保护区，开发昆虫人工饲养和繁殖技术。

BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION IN CHINA: A VIEW FROM ENTOMOLOGISTS

China is among the twelve megadiversity countries in the world and one of the two countries with the highest biodiversity and endemism in Asia and South-Pacific region. China has the highest mountain system of the world and different types of environments inhabited by living organisms, ranging from the Palaearctic to Oriental Realms. These characteristics account for the magnificent species diversity and high level of endemism. Insects of 45 000 species have been recorded in China by now. The total endemic elements are obviously much more than the neighbouring countries. Especially in the south-west mountainous region and tropical areas the endemic elements occupy high proportions. The human disturbances, original habitat losses due to reclamation, deforestation, pollution, etc., are driving undetermined number of species to be endangered or extinct. Recommendations of China's insect conservation are hereon presented: identifying conservation priorities, investigating the biology and ecology of endangered species, monitoring habitat and diversity losses, compiling the "Red List" and the database of rare and endangered species, establishing reserves for insect conservation, and developing techniques of insect farming and ranching.