东北地区杂草稻与栽培稻的遗传多样性及籼粳分化

利用88对籼粳特异性分子标记对收集于我国东北三省的35份杂草稻和36份栽培稻遗传基础及籼粳分化进行研究,结果表明上述标记能够高效地鉴别稻属资源的籼粳属性,共检测到156个等位基因,平均有效等位基因(Na)为1.773。遗传多样性分析表明,东北地区杂草稻多样性水平略高于当地栽培稻,其中杂草稻的等位基因数(Na)、杂合度(He)、基因多样性(Hsk)以及多态性信息含量(PIC)分别为1.659、0.006、0.076和0.085,而东北栽培稻分别为1.557、0.004、0.060和0.067。遗传结构和聚类分析结果表明,东北地区杂草稻与栽培稻具有较近的亲缘关系,均存在一定程度的籼粳分化。进一步对籼粳血缘进行相对量化分析发现,杂草稻的籼型基因型频率(F_i=0.050)略高于当地栽培稻(F_i=0.043)。东北三省籼型基因型频率变化趋势为:辽宁杂草稻(0.062)辽宁栽培稻(0.058)吉林栽培稻(0.048)黑龙江杂草稻(0.041)吉林杂草稻(0.024)黑龙江栽培稻(0.020)。

Genetic Diversity and Indica-Japonica Differentiation between Weedy Rice and Cultivars in Northeast of China

In order to analyze the genetic basis and indica-japonica differentiation of 35 weedy rice and 36 japonica rice in northeast of China,88 pairs of molecular markers were used.The results indicated that the 88 selected markers can be applied extensively for the indica-japonica classification of rice,and total of 156 alleles identified by 88 markers with the average Na value of 1.773.Genetic diversity analysis revealed a little higher diversity level of weedy rice to the cultivars in northern China,with the average Na,He,Hsk and PIC value of 1.659,0.006,0.076,0.085 for weedy rice,and 1.557,0.004,0.060,0.067 for the cuhivars,respectively.Genetic structure and NJ cluster analysis indicated that both weedy rice and cultivars had indica-japonica differentiation,which implied they had near relationships.Furthermore,the indica genotype frequency(Fi)of weedy rice was 0.050 which was higher than cultivars of 0.043.The trends for the Fi levels of weedy rice and cultivars in northeast of China were:weedy rice from Liaoning province(0.062) ＞ cultivars from Liaoning province(0.058) ＞ cuhivars from Jilin province(0.048) ＞ weedy rice from Heilongjiang province(0.041) ＞ weedy rice from Jilin province(0.024) ＞ cultivars from Heilongjiang province (0.020).