黄淮冬麦区不同时期主推品种淀粉合成酶基因分子标记鉴定

利用普通小麦直链淀粉合成酶GBSS基因及支链淀粉关键合成酶SSⅡ基因的特异分子标记鉴定了黄淮冬麦区自20世纪50年代以来253份主推品种，发现8份品种缺失Wx-B1基因，其中5份材料（小偃168、秦麦1号、83S502、山东935031、山东928802）是新发现的缺失Wx-B1基因的小麦品种，未发现Wx-A1、Wx-D1基因缺失类型品种；所鉴定253份品种的SSⅡ基因均为野生型，未发现缺失突变类型。通过对8份缺失Wx—B1基因品种直链淀粉含量分析，发现这些品种的直链淀粉含量差异较大．变异范围为19．9％-33．0％，其中豫麦47、83S502和中育5号3个品种的直链淀粉含量较低，分别为19．9％、21．3％和26．4％，可以用于优质面条小麦品质改良。

Analysis of Starch Synthesis Genes in Major Wheat Cultivars Grown in Huanghuai Wheat Production Area at Different Periods Using Molecular Markers

A total of 253 major wheat cultivars grown in Huanghuai wheat production area at different periods were screened for the starch synthesis genes by molecular markers. The results indicated that 8 of these cuhivars were null at Wx-B1, and they were used to identify the amylose content. The results showed that significant variation was observed. The range of amylose content was 19. 9%-33. 3%,only Yumai 47,83S502 and Zhongyu 5 with null Wx-B1 was below 27%. The 253 wheat cultivars were also screened for the SSⅡgene mutations with three STS specific markers published in previous researches. The results indicated that 253 wheat cultivars were all wild type.