月季遗传资源的评价与利用

国产蔷薇属植物82种,约占世界总数的41%.在近200种蔷薇属植物中,只有15种参与了现代月季的形成,新的遗传资源的引入是月季抗性育种的关键.现代月季品种达25000多个,但在欧洲苗圃销售的不到3000个,而以丰花月季为主.月季抗病遗传资源的研究主要针对黑斑病、白粉病和根结线虫.分子标记已广泛应用于月季亲缘关系分析、遗传图谱的构建和品种的鉴定.蔷薇果含有丰富的Vc和药用价值.

Evaluation and Exploitation of Genetic Resources in Roses

There are 82 species of wild roses in China,accounting for 41% to the world. The genus Rosa contains about 200 species, only 15 species had contributed to the formation of modern roses. Therefore, the introduction of new genetic resources is essential to the resistance breeding. There are more than 25000 cultivars in modern roses, in which less than 3000 produced in European nurseries, and the main cultivar group is floribunda. The research on resistant genetic resources had paid more attention to black spot, powdery mildew and root knot nematodes. The molecular markers have been applied in phylogenetic analyses, construction of genetic linkage map and identification of cultivars in roses. The rose hips contain high level of vitamin C and high medical value.