不同遗传背景下杂交籼稻功能叶与产量构成因素的相关性

为明确水稻功能叶与产量构成因素间的相关性，以不同遗传背景下籼稻的10个不育系和16个恢复系为亲本，按照NCII设计配制两套双列杂交组合，对水稻12个功能叶性状与8个产量性状构成因素进行了相关分析，结果表明：3片功能叶叶长与叶面积、剑叶宽、倒2叶宽等性状之间均存在极显著正相关，功能叶夹角之间也存在极显著正相关，但不同遗传背景对夹角性状与9个形态性状之间的相关性则存在明显差异，在第1套组合中，其相关系数均为负值，且相关均不显著；而第2套组合则相反。8个产量构成因素中，单株穗数与平均穗长、着粒密度、穗实粒数以及穗着粒数之间存在极显著负相关，平均穗长与穗着粒数、结实率与单株产量呈显著或极显著正相关，遗传背景对产量组成上有较大影响，在第1套组合中单株产量主要由结实率、单株穗数以及穗实粒数等性状决定，而在第2套中则主要由穗实粒数和结实率等性状决定。在功能叶与产量构成因素的相关中，叶长、叶面积、剑叶宽、倒2叶宽与着粒密度、穗实粒数以及穗着粒教等3个性状之间存在显著或极显著正相关。12个水稻功能叶性状与8个产量构成因素之间的主成分分析表明，在不同的遗传背景下，产量构成因素均主要受叶面积和叶夹角影响，两种不同遗传背景中其累积贡献率分别为69．8％和84．0％。

Correlations between Characters of Functional Leaves and Yield Components of Indica Hybrid Rice by Different Diallel Cross

According to the design of NCII,two sets of diallel hybrids were constructed to analyze the correlation between the functional leaves traits of rice( Oryza sativa L.subsp. indica )and yield components,based on 10 sterile lines and 16 restore lines.The results showed that significant positive correlations existed among the leaf area,flag leaf width,and the 2nd leaf width,as well as among the leaf angles of the three functional leaves,while the correlations between the leaf angle and the other nine functional leaves traits were significantly affected by genetic backgrounds,whereas the differences between leaf angle and leaf length,width,and area were positive significant,on the contrary,however,the correlation coefficients of these two sets of functional related traits were negative,and not significant.Furthermore,among 8 yield components of rice,panicle number per plant negatively correlated with panicle length,seed set density、filled grain number per panicle and spikelets per panicle at the level of 0.05 or 0.01,while positive significant difference existed among the components pairs of panicle length vs.spikelets per panicle,seed setting rate vs.yield per plant.Additionally,the yield performance per plant was affected heavily by the corresponding genetic backgrounds.In the 1st diallel crosses genetic background1,yield per plant was principle determined by seeding setting、panicle number per plant and No.of filled grain per panicle,while it was determined mainly by No.of filled grain per panicle and seeding setting under another genetic background(or the 2nd diallel crosses).While three yield components such as density of panicle、filled grain number per panicle and grain number per panicle significantly positively correlated with the leaf length,leaf area,flag leaf width,and 2nd leaf width of rice functional leaves.The result of principle component analysis between 12 rice functional leaves related traits and 8 yield components suggested that yield components were both affected mainly by functional leave area and angles under different genetic background,and the cumulative proportion accounted separately for 69.8% and 84.0% between 1st and 2nd NCII diallel crossing hybrids of rice.