猕猴桃品种果实性状特征和主成分分析研究

为深入了解猕猴桃不同品种(系)的果实性状与其倍性的相关性,本研究对国家猕猴桃种质资源圃保存的44个栽培品种(系)进行了果实性状分析,结果表明,44个栽培品种(系)的果实性状具有丰富的遗传多样性并且果实重量、果面毛被、果肉颜色和质地、果实维生素C含量、果实后熟天数和软熟果硬度、果实成熟期等与品种(系)倍性呈显著相关。对相关性状采用主成分分析表明,果实成熟时间、果肉质地、果面毛被和果实后熟天数、果肉颜色是区分品种(系)的主要特征。由于品种(系)的倍性与主要性状特征关联,品种(系)按倍性相对聚类,且二倍体品种(系)群和六倍体品种(系)群间无重叠,而四倍体品种(系)群与相邻的二倍体和六倍体品种(系)群均有一定重叠。

Fruit Characters and Principal Component Analysis of Different Ploidy of Kiwifruit Cultivars(Actinidia Chinensis Planch)

In order to understand the variation of fruit characters of kiwifruit cultivars of Actinidia chinensis Planch, a total of 44 cultivars or selections of A. chinensis Planch preserved in National Actinidia Germplasm Repository were evaluated for fruit traits, the results showed that: all the cultivars have high diversity on the fruit traits and ploidy levels are significantly correlated with the fruit traits of the cultivars with different, including fruit weight,fruit surface hairs, flesh color and texture, vitamin C content, fruit ripening days, the flesh firmness of eating ripe stage and fruit maturity. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that fruit maturity, flesh texture,fruit surface hairs,fruit ripening days and flesh color are main factors to distinguish cultivars. Because of the correlation of ploidy and fruit traits, the cultivars in the same ploidy levels are normally clustered together based on first and second components, with no overlap between the diploid and hexaploid cultivars, but with overlaps between diploid and tetraploid cultivars, and between tetraploid and hexaploid cultivars.