大豆SSR标记辅助遗传背景选择的效果分析

本研究利用鲁豆4号回交转育的大豆种子脂氧酶缺失株系为材料，用IEF-PAGE鉴定大豆种子脂氧酶缺失基因，SSR标记进行遗传背景分析，通过遗传背景回复率相关分析，探索分子标记辅助遗传背景选择时所需的适宜的标记数和选择方式，期望获得可进一步回的鲁豆4号脂氧酶缺失株系。研究明确了大豆SSR标记辅助背景选择时适宜标记数目和选择方式，即先用少数标记初筛，选出遗传背景回复率较高的材料，再用适宜标记鉴定，随着世代递增，已恢复为轮回亲本的标记住点不再分析，逐代减少选择标记数目。获得了合有脂氧酶缺失基因，遗传背景与鲁豆4号差异较小的株系，可用鲁玉4号进一步回交，从而加速培育鲁豆4号脂氧酶缺失近等基因系。

Efficient Selection of Genetic Background Using SSR Markers in Soybean

The purpose of this study was to find out reasonable number of markers in marker-assisted selection for backcrossing breeding in soybean. The lines lacking lipoxygenases with the genetic background of Ludou 4 were used as materials; their targeted genes were detected by IEF-PAGE, and the genetic background were analyzed using SSR markers,to obtain the ideal lines for further backcross. Through the relevant analysis of genetic background recovering ratio, the appropriate marker numbers and selection method in marker-assisted selection were established. A procedure was useful in marker-assisted background selection, that is, first to use limited number of markers to screen all the individuals, eliminate the individuals not fitting the requirements, then use more makers to screen the residuals. With this method, ideal individuals can be obtained with high efficiency. Some candidate lines were chosen for further backcrossing with Ludou 4 in order to accelerate development of near-isogenic lines of Loudou 4 with different types of lipoxygenase.