高岚河大型底栖动物时空分布及影响因子研究

为了解大型底栖动物沿河流分布的物种丰富度变化及环境因子对其种群的影响，于2016年12月对高岚河的大型底栖动物进行了调查，并对理化指标进行了测定。研究结果发现，物种丰富度沿河流纵向梯度变化差异性不显著，生物多样性指数沿河流变化差异不显著，说明高岚河大型底栖动物群落结构稳定。高岚河上游的生态指示种为高翔蜉和四节蜉，中游的生态指示种为四节蜉和萝卜螺，下游的指示种为萝卜螺。模糊聚类分析发现高岚河大型底栖动物类群可划分为3个生境类群，且在梯度分布下群落生境较相似，大型底栖动物群落间关系接近，分布均匀。典范对应分析发现影响大型底栖动物群落结构沿梯度分布的主要因子是海拔、pH、浊度和深度。

Temporal and spatial distribution and impact factors of macrobenthos in Gaolan river

In order to understand the species richness of macrobenthos distributed along the river and the impact of environmental factors on the population, the macrobenthos in the Gaolan river was investigated in December 2016, and the physical and chemical indicators were determined. The results show that the variation of species richness along the vertical gradient of the river is not significant, and the difference of biodiversity index along the river is not significant, indicating that the structure of the macrobenthos community in Gaolan river is stable. The ecological indicator species in the upper reaches of the Gaochun river are Epeorus spp. and Baetis spp., the indicator species in the middle reaches are Baetis spp. and Radix spp., and Radix spp. is the downstream indicator. Fuzzy cluster analysis shows that the macrobenthos in the Gaolan river can be divided into three habitat groups, and the habitats are similar under the gradient distribution, and the relationship between the macrobenthos communities is close and evenly distributed. Canonical correspondence analysis reveals that the main factors affecting the distribution of macrobenthos community structure along the gradient are altitude, pH, turbidity and depth.